Skip to main content
Log in

Completing the early instrumental weather record from Cádiz (Southern Spain): new data from 1799 to 1803

  • Published:
Climatic Change Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The increased interest in climate change and variability has created a demand for more empirical data about past climate. In this work, new data sources with early meteorological data (temperature, pressure, wind direction and force, rainy days, cloudiness) of Cádiz (southern Spain) covering the short time period from 1799 to 1803 are presented and analyzed. Although the time coverage is short, these data can complete the studies previously published on the climate conditions during the beginning of the 19th century in Cádiz. An interesting change is detected in the seasonal behavior of temperatures, with cold (warm) summers in 1799 (1803), and the opposite behavior in winter. Except the year 1801, the rest of the years are characterized by wet conditions, under a predominant meridional circulation.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Fig. 1

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Aréjula JM (1806) Breve descripción de la fiebre amarilla padecida en Cádiz y pueblos comarcanos en 1800. Imprenta Real, Madrid. Andalusian Library, sgn.: ANT-XIX-614

  • Diario Comercial de Cádiz (1802–1803) Cádiz Library, sgn.: FL-PP-Est.59. It is available online in http://www.juntadeandalucia.es/cultura/bibliotecavirtualandalucia

  • Barriendos M, Martín-Vide J, Peña JC, Rodríguez R (2002) Daily meteorological observations in Cádiz-San Fernando. Analysis of the documentary sources and the instrumental data content (1786–1996). Clim Change 53:151–170

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Brázdil R, Wheeler D, Pfister C (2010) European climate of the past 500 years based on documentary and instrumental data. Clim Change 101:1–6

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Camuffo D (2002) Errors in early temperature series arising from changes in style of measuring time, sampling schedule and number of observations. Clim Change 53:331–352

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cocheo C, Camuffo D (2002) Corrections of systematic errors and data homogenization in the daily temperature Padova series (1725–1998). Clim Change 53:77–100

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cornes R (2008) The barometer measurements of the Royal Society of London: 1774–1842. Weather 63:230–235

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gallego D, García-Herrera R, Calvo N, Ribera P (2007) A new meteorological record for Cádiz (Spain) 1806–1852: implications for climatic reconstructions. J Geophys Res 112:D12108. doi:10.1029/2007JD008517

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • INM (1995) Guía resumida del clima en España 1961–1990. Instituto Nacional de Meteorología, Madrid, p 110

    Google Scholar 

  • Luterbacher J, Xoplaki E, Dietrich D, Rickli R, Jacobeit J, Beck C, Gyalistras D, Schmutz C, Wanner H (2002) Reconstruction of sea level pressure fields over the eastern north Atlantic and Europe back to 1500. Clim Dyn 18:545–561

    Google Scholar 

  • Moberg A, Bergström H, Krigsman JR, Svanered O (2002) Daily air temperature and pressure series for Stockholm (1756–1998). Clim Change 53:171–212

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Prieto MR, Gallego D, García-Herrera R, Calvo N (2005) Deriving wind force terms from nautical reports through content analysis. The Spanish and French cases. Clim Change 73:37–55

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Slonosky VC, Jones PD, Davies TD (2001) Instrumental pressure observations and atmospheric circulation from the 17th and 18th centuries: London and Paris. Int J Climatol 21:285–298

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Trigo RM, Vaquero JM, Alcoforado MJ, Barriendos M, Taborda J, García-Herrera R, Luterbacher J (2009) Iberia in 1816, the year without summer. Int J Climatol 29:99–115

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wagner S, Zorita E (2005) The influence of volcanic, solar and CO2 forcing on the temperatures in the Dalton Minimum (1790–1830): a model study. Clim Dyn 25:205–218

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wheeler D (1995) Early instrumental weather data from Cádiz: a study of late eighteenth and early nineteenth century records. Int J Climatol 15:801–810

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wheeler D, Martín-Vide J (1992) Rainfall characteristics of mainland Europe’s most southerly stations. Int J Climatol 12:69–76

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • WMO (1983) Guide to meteorological instruments and methods of observation. WMO No. 8, Secretariat of the World Meteorological Organisation, Geneva

  • Yan Z, Jones PD, Davies TD, Moberg A, Bergström H, Camuffo D, Cocheo C, Maugeri M, Demarée GR, Verhoeve T, Thoen E, Barriendos M, Rodríguez R, Martín-Vide J, Yang C (2002) Trends of extreme temperatures in Europe and China based on daily observations. Clim Change 53:355–392

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

The author is in debt to Dr. M. Barriendos (Universidad de Barcelona) for providing hourly data of San Fernando. This work is supported by the Spanish Science Ministry (project CGL2007-65546-C03-01/CLI) and the Spanish Environment Ministry (‘Salvá-Sinobas’ project, reference number 200800050083542)

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to F. S. Rodrigo.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Rodrigo, F.S. Completing the early instrumental weather record from Cádiz (Southern Spain): new data from 1799 to 1803. Climatic Change 111, 697–704 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-011-0174-x

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-011-0174-x

Keywords

Navigation