Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

A comparative study on chemical treatment of jute fiber: potassium dichromate, potassium permanganate and sodium perborate trihydrate

  • Original Paper
  • Published:
Cellulose Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Studies have been carried out on chemical treatments of jute fibers in order to hinder moisture absorption, which causes incompatibility with a non-polar polymer, and to increase the surface roughness for mechanical interlocking. The objective of this research is to improve the interfacial adhesion between jute fibers and polypropylene by oxidative treatments. On this basis, jute fibers were treated with potassium dichromate (PD), potassium permanganate (PM) and sodium perborate trihydrate (SP). Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FTIR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and atomic force microscopy were used to characterize jute fibers. The effects of chemical treatments were also revealed by assessment of moisture absorbability, yarn tensile properties and interfacial shear strength with polypropylene. FTIR and XPS analyses confirmed oxidative modification of jute fibers using any of the surface treatments. It was observed that the proportion of O=C groups increased, whereas that of O–H groups decreased after oxidative modifications. Tensile strength and elasticity modulus results decreased after oxidative treatments, whereas PD, PM and SP enhanced the interfacial shear strength values by 25, 61 and 71 %, respectively. Only SP treatment influenced moisture absorbability results significantly. The surface roughness of untreated jute fibers shows increments after chemical treatments due to partial removal of surface cementings. According to the findings obtained from surface characterization methods and physical tests, the highest interfacial adhesion with better compatibility with polypropylene was achieved after SP treatment by providing the highest surface roughness values and hydrophobic character of jute fiber.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Arshad K, Mujahid M (2011) Biodegradation of textile materials, M.Sc Thesis, The Swedish of Textiles, University of Boras

  • ASTM D 629-08, Standard Test methods for quantitative analysis of textiles—moisture content or moisture regain, ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA

  • Bozacı E, Sever K, Demir A, Seki Y, Sarikanat M, Ozdogan E (2009) Effect of the atmospheric plasma treatment parameters on surface and mechanical properties of jute fabric. Fiber Polym 10(6):781–786

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Corrales F, Vilaseca F, Llop M, Girones J, Mendez JA, Mutje P (2007) Chemical modification of jute fibers for the production of green-composites. J Hazard Mater 144(3):730–735

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Das D, Munshi R (2009) Finishing of jute using methacrylic acid in presence of tetrasodium pyrophosphate and potassium persulphate as catalysts under thermal treatment. Indian J Fibre Text 34:82–90

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Das S, Saha AK, Choudhury PK, Basak RK, Mitra BC, Todd T, Lang S, Rowell RM (2000) Effect of steam pretreatment of jute fiber on dimensional stability of jute composite. J Appl Polym Sci 76:1652–1661

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Eagleson M (1993) Concise encyclopedia chemistry. Walter de Gruyter, Berlin

    Google Scholar 

  • Hong CK, Hwang I, Kim N, Park DH, Hwang BS, Nah C (2008) Mechanical properties of silanized jute–polypropylene composites. J Ind Eng Chem 14(1):71–76

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Huang LK, Sun G (2003) Durable and oxygen bleach rechargable antimicrobial cellulose: sodium perborate as an activating and recharging agent. Ind Eng Chem Res 42:5417–5422

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Jabasingh SA, Nachiyar CV (2012) Process optimization for the biopolishing of jute fibers with celluloses from aspergillus nidulans aj su04. Int J Biosci Biochem Bioinformatics 2(1):12–15

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Khan F, Ahmad SR (1996) Chemical modification and spectroscopic analysis of jute fiber. Polym Degrad Stabil 52(3):335–340

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Khan JA, Khan MA, Islam R, Gafur A (2010) Mechanical, thermal and interfacial properties of jute fabric-reinforced polypropylene composites: effect of potassium dichromate. Mater Sci Appl 1(6):350–357

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Khan JA, Khan MA, Islam R (2012) Effect of potassium permanganate on mechanical, thermal and degradation characteristics of jute fabric-reinforced polypropylene composite. J Reinf Plast Comp 0(00):1–12

    Google Scholar 

  • Levine RL, Wehr N, Williams JA, Stadtman ER, Shacter E (2000) Determination of carbonyl groups in oxidized proteins. Method Mol Biol 99:15–24

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Liu XY, Dai GC (2007) Surface modification and micromechanical properties of jute fiber mat reinforced polypropylene composites. Express Polym Lett 1(5):299–307

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Morales J, Olayo MG, Cruz GJ, Herrera-Franco P, Olayo R (2006) Plasma modification of cellulose fibers for composite materials. J Appl Polym Sci 101(6):3821–3828

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mwaikambo LY, Ansell MP (2002) Chemical modification of hemp, sisal, jute, and kapok fibers by alkalization. J Appl Polym Sci 84(12):2222–2234

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mylsamy K, Rajendran I (2010) Investigation on physico-chemical and mechanical properties of raw and alkali treated agave- americana fiber. J Reinf Plast Comp 29(19):2925–2935

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Olaru N, Olaru L, Vasile C, Ander P (2011) Surface modified cellulose obtained by acetylation without solvents of bleached and unbleached kraft pulps. Polimery-W 56(11–12):834–840

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ouajai S, Hodzic A, Shanks RA (2004) Morphological and grafting modification of natural cellulose fibers. J Appl Polym Sci 94(6):2456–2465

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Park JM, Kim DS, Lee SI (1998) A study of degree of crystallinity on the interfacial properties of carbon and sic two-fiber reinforced poly(etheretherketone). Korea Polym J 6(2):200–209

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Paul A, Joseph K, Thomas S (1997) Effect of surface treatments on the electrical properties of low-density polyethylene composites reinforced with short sisal fibers. Compos Sci Technol 57(1):67–79

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rowell RM, Young RA, Rowell JK (1997) Paper and composites from agro-based resources, 1st edn. CRC Lewis Publishers, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Sanadi AR, Caulfield DF, Rowell RM (1994) Additives—reinforcing polypropylene with natural fibers. Plast Eng 50:27–28

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sawpan MA, Pickering KL, Fernyhough A (2011) Effect of various chemical treatments on the fibre structure and tensile properties of industrial hemp fibres. Compos: Part A 42(8):888–895

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Seki Y (2009) Innovative multifunctional siloxane treatment of jute fiber surface and its effect on the mechanical properties of jute/thermoset composites. Mater Sci Eng A 508:247–252

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Seki Y, Sarikanat M, Sever K, Erden S, Güleç HA (2010) Effect of the low and radio frequency oxygen plasma treatment of jute fiber on mechanical properties of jute fiber/polyester composite. Fiber Polym 11(8):1159–1164

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Seki Y, Sever K, Erden S, Sarıkanat M, Neşer G, Özeş Ç (2012) Characterization of Luffa cylindrica fibers and the effect of water aging on the mechanical properties of its composite with polyester. J Appl Polym Sci 123:2330–2337

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Seki Y, Sarikanat M, Sever K, Durmuşkahya C (2013) Extraction and properties of Ferula communis (chakshir) fibers as novel reinforcement for composites materials. Compos Part B 44:517–523

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sernek M (2002) Comparative analysis of inactivated surfaces, Ph.D. Thesis, Faculty of The Virginia Polytechnique Institute, State University, Blacksburg, Virginia

  • Sever K, Erden S, Gülec HA, Seki Y, Sarikanat M (2011) Oxygen plasma treatments of jute fibers in improving the mechanical properties of jute/HDPE composites. Mater Chem Phys 129(1–2):275–280

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sever K, Sarikanat M, Seki Y, Erkan G, Erdoğan UH, Erden S (2012) Surface treatments of jute fabric: the influence of surface characteristics on jute fabrics and mechanical properties of jute/polyester composites. Ind Crop Prod 35:22–30

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Singh B, Gupta M, Verma A, Tyagi OS (2000) FT-IR microscopic studies on coupling agents: treated natural fibres. Polym Int 49(11):1444–1451

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sinha E, Rout SK (2009) Influence of fibre-surface treatment on structural, thermal and mechanical properties of jute fibre and its composite. B Mater Sci 32(1):65–76

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Van de Weyenberg I, Ivensa J, De Coster A, Kino B, Baetens E, Verpoesta I (2003) Influence of processing and chemical treatment of flax fibres on their composites. Compos Sci Technol 63(9):1241–1246

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wang S, Lee SI, Chung DDL, Park JM (2000) Load transfer from fiber to polymer matrix, studied by measuring the apparent elastic modulus of carbon fiber embedded in epoxy. Compos Interface 8(6):435–441

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wang B, Panigrahi S, Tabil L, Crerar W, Sokansanj S (2003) Modification of flax fibers by chemical treatment. CSAE/SCGR Meeting, Quebec-Montreal

    Google Scholar 

  • Wertz JL, Bedue O, Mercier JP (2010) Cellulose science and technology. EFPL Press, Italy

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

This study was supported by Dokuz Eylul University, project no. 2011.KB.FEN.037, as a scientific project.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Textile Engineering, Dokuz Eylul University, Tınaztepe Campus, Buca, 35397, Izmir, Turkey

    Yasemin Bulut & Aysun Aksit

Authors
  1. Yasemin Bulut
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Aysun Aksit
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Yasemin Bulut.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Bulut, Y., Aksit, A. A comparative study on chemical treatment of jute fiber: potassium dichromate, potassium permanganate and sodium perborate trihydrate. Cellulose 20, 3155–3164 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10570-013-0049-6

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10570-013-0049-6

Keywords

Search

Navigation