Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Sugar recovery of enzymatic hydrolysed oil palm empty fruit bunch fiber by chemical pretreatment

  • Original Paper
  • Published:
Cellulose Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

An investigation was conducted to study the effect of solvent composition and temperature on the efficiency of pretreatment prior to enzymatic hydrolysis. The aim was to improve the sugar recovery of oil palm empty fruit bunch fiber (EFBF) through enzymatic hydrolysis. Two types of pretreatments, namely, acidified-glycerol (AC-g) pretreatment and alkaline-glycerol (AL-g) pretreatment were conducted. The study proved that AL-g pretreatment promoted higher delignification and enzymatic hydrolyzed sugar yield compared to AC-g pretreatment. Total sugar recovery of 81.44 and 96.55 % was achieved from AL-g pretreatment at 80 and 120 °C respectively, following the enzymatic hydrolysis. However, downstream industrial processes, involving enzyme treatment along the processing line have the preference of acidic condition. Thus, AC-g pretreatment was favorable. Approximately 51.74 % total sugar had been recovered successfully from enzymatic hydrolysis of EFBF after 3 h of pretreatment by using solvent comprising of 50 % acetic acid and 80 % aqueous glycerol at a ratio of 97:3 at 120 °C.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Agbor VB, Cicek N, Sparling R, Berlin A, Levin DB (2011) Biomass pretreatment: fundamentals toward application. Biotechnol Adv 29:675–685

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Akio M, Norimasa I, Tokifumi M, Shin IN, Yuan CL (2005) Carbohydrate analysis by a phenol-sulphuric acid method in microplate format. Anal Biochem 339:69–72

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Asia Biomass Office (2010) Import of EFB (Empty Fruit Bunch) of palm is swelling (online). http://www.asiabiomass.jp/english/topics/1001_03.html. Website accessed 30 Nov 2011

  • Asia Biomass Office (2011) Malaysia promotes utilization of waste biomass from oil palm industry. (online) http://www.asiabiomass.jp/english/topics/1101_04.html. Website accessed 30 Nov 2011

  • Bhat R, Khalil HPSA, Karim AA (2009) Exploring the antioxidant potential of lignin isolated from black liquor of oil palm waste. CR Biol 332:827–831

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cardoso M, Oliveira ED, Passos ML (2009) Chemical composition and physical properties of black liquors and their effects on liquor recovery operation in Brazilian pulp mills. Fuel 88:756–763

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Chakar FS, Ragauskas AJ (2004) Review of current and future softwood Kraft lignin process chemistry. Ind Crops Prod 20:131–141

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Demirbas A (1998) Aqueous glycerol delignification of wood chips and ground wood. Bioresour Technol 63:179–185

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Garcia A, Toledano A, Andres MA, Labidi J (2010) Study of the antioxidant capacity of Miscanthus sinensis lignins. Process Biochem 45:935–940

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ghose TK (1987) Measurement of cellulase activities. Pure Appl Chem 59:257–268

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ibrahim SM, Badri KH, Hassan O (2012) A study on glycerolysis of oil palm empty fruit bunch fiber. Sains Malaysiana 41(12):1579–1585

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Jung YH, Han JI, Choi IG, Kim KH (2011) Aqueous ammonia pretreatment of oil palm empty fruit bunches for ethanol production. Bioresour Technol 102(20):9806–9809

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ligero P, Vega A, Bao M (2005) Acetosolv delignification of Miscanthus sinensis bark. Influence of process variables. Ind Crops Prod 21:235–240

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ligero P, Villaverde JJ, Vega A, Bao M (2008) Delignification of Eucalyptus globulus saplings in two organosolv systems (formic and acetic acid). Preliminary analysis of dissolved lignins. Ind Crops Prod 27:110–117

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Martin C, Puls J, Saake B, Schreiber A (2011) Effect of glycerol pretreatment on component recovery and enzymatic hydrolysis of sugarcane bagasse. Cellul Chem Technol 45:487–494

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Marzialetti T, Miller SJ, Jones CW, Agrawal PK (2011) Switchgrass pretreatment and hydrolysis using low concentrations of formic Acid. J Chem Technol Biotechnol 86:706–713

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mesa L, Gonzalez E, Cara C, Gonzalez M, Castro E, Mussatto SI (2011) The effect of organosolv pretreatment variables on enzymatic hydrolysis of sugarcane bagasse. Chem Eng J 168:1157–1162

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mosier N, Wyman C, Dale B, Elander R, Lee YY, Holtzapple M, Ladisch M (2005) Features of promising technologies for pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass. Bioresour Technol 96:673–686

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Novo LP, Gurgel LVA, Marabezi K, Curvelo AAS (2011) Delignification of sugarcane bagasse using glycerol-water mixtures to produce pulps for hydrolysis. Bioresour Technol 102:10040–10046

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pingali SV, Neill HO, Urban VS, Foston M, Heller WT, Myles DA, McGaughey J, Ragauskas A, Evans BR (2010) Breakdown of cell wall nanostructure in dilute acid pretreated biomass. Biomacromolecules 11:2329–2335

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Praveen KR, Awang B (2007) Antioxidant activity, total phenolic and flavonoid content of Morinda citrifolia fruit extracts from various extraction processes. J Eng Sci Technol 2:70–80

    Google Scholar 

  • Saleha S, Umi KMS, Suraini AA, Siti MMK, Yoshihito S, Mohd AH (2012) Effect of steam pretreatment on oil palm empty fruit bunch for the production of sugars. Biomass Bioenergy 36:280–288

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sannigrahi P, Miller SJ, Ragauskas AJ (2010) Effects of organosolv pretreatment and enzymatic hydrolysis on cellulose structure and crystallinity in Loblolly Pine. Carbohydr Res 345:965–970

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Shamsudin S, Shah UKM, Zainudin H, Aziz SA, Kamal SMM, Shirai Y, Hassan MA (2012) Effect of steam pretreatment on oil palm empty fruit bunch for the production of sugars. Biomass Bioenergy 36:280–288

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Shuit SH, Tan KT, Lee KT, Kamaruddin AH (2009) Oil palm biomass as a sustainable energy source: a Malaysian case study. Energy 34:1225–1235

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sluiter A, Hames B, Ruiz R, Scarlata C, Sluiter J, Templeton D, Crocker D (2008) Determine of structure carbohydrates and lignin in biomass: Laboratory Analytical Procedures (LAP). Technical Report NREL/TP-510-42618. National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), (online) http://www.nrel.gov/biomass/pdfs/42618.pdf. Website accessed 25 Feb 2011

  • Sumathi S, Chai SP, Mohamed AR (2008) Utilization of oil palm as a source of renewable energy in Malaysia. Renew Sustain Energy Rev 12:2404–2421

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sun F, Chen H (2008) Enhanced enzymatic hydrolysis of wheat straw by aqueous glycerol pretreatment. Bioresour Technol 99:6156–6161

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Yang B, Wyman CE (2008) Pretreatment: the key to unlocking low cost cellulosic ethanol. Biofuels, Bioprod Biorefin 2:26–40

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Yu Y, Feng Y, Xu C, Liu J, Li D (2011) Onsite bio-detoxification of steam-exploded corn stover for cellulosic ethanol production. Bioresource Technol 102(8):5123–5128

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

Our deepest appreciation to Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation (MOSTI) for the financial support given in conducting this research under the Grant scheme with project code No. 10-05-MGI-GMB001. The research was also financially supported by grant obtained through the Industrial Biotechnology Scheme with code no DIP-2012-018 (Enzyme and microbial biotransformation of plant fiber for the production of vanillic acid and vanillin).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Faculty of Science and Technology, School of Chemical Sciences and Food Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600, UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia

    Tang Pei Ling, Osman Hassan, Khairiah Badri, Mohammad Yusof Maskat & Wan Aida Wan Mustapha

  2. Faculty of Science and Technology, Polymer Research Center, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600, UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia

    Khairiah Badri

Authors
  1. Tang Pei Ling
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Osman Hassan
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Khairiah Badri
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Mohammad Yusof Maskat
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Wan Aida Wan Mustapha
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Khairiah Badri.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Ling, T.P., Hassan, O., Badri, K. et al. Sugar recovery of enzymatic hydrolysed oil palm empty fruit bunch fiber by chemical pretreatment. Cellulose 20, 3191–3203 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10570-013-0033-1

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10570-013-0033-1

Keywords

Search

Navigation