Skip to main content
Log in

Additive-Free and Tailored Synthesis of TiO2 Nanocrystals-Assembled Mesoporous Leaveslike Nanosheets with Enhanced Photocatalytic Activities

  • Published:
Catalysis Letters Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Uniform and monodispersed TiO2 nanocrystals-assembled leaves-like nanosheets (TLNs) have been synthesized via a novel and direct hydrothermal method, i.e. a controlled hydrolysis of tetrabutyltitanate (TBOT) in ethanol without adding any surfactant reagents. The physical and chemical properties of TLNs were studied by field emission scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, UV–Vis diffuse reflectance spectra and BET surface area measurement. The photoelectrochemical performance of TLNs was characterized through photocurrent and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy measurement. The photocatalytic activity of the TLNs was evaluated by photocatalytic reduction of Cr(VI) aqueous solution under simulated solar irradiation. The experimental results showed that the TLNs exhibited a much better photocatalytic activity than that of pure TiO2 (PT) and commercial TiO2 (P25).

Graphical Abstract

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Wang L, Li XY, Teng W, Zhao QD, Shi Y, Yue RL et al (2013) Efficient photocatalytic reduction of aqueous Cr(VI) over flower-like SnIn4S8 microspheres under visible light illumination. J Hazard Mater 244–245:681–688

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Xu SC, Pan SS, Xu Y, Luo YY, Zhang YX, Li GH (2015) Efficient removal of Cr(VI) from wastewater under sunlight by Fe(II)-doped TiO2 spherical shell. J Hazard Mater 283:7–13

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Zhang LL, Xiong Z, Zhao XS (2010) Pillaring chemically exfoliated graphene oxide with carbon nanotubes for photocatalytic degradation of dyes under visible light irradiation. ACS Nano 4:7030–7036

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Lin SH, Kiang CD (2003) Chromic acid recovery from waste acid solution by an ion exchange process: equilibrium and colume ion exchange modeling. Chem Eng J 92:193–199

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. He M, Li X, Liu H, Miller SJ, Wang G, Rensing C (2011) Characterization and genomic analysis of a highly chromate resistant and reducing bacterial strain lysinibacillus fusiformis ZC1. J Hazard Mater 185:682–688

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Yao ZK, Du SY, Zhang Y, Zhu BK et al (2015) Positively charged membrane for removing low concentration Cr(VI) in ultrafiltration process. J Water Process Eng 8:99–107

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Liu J, Huang K, Xie K, Yang Y, Zhao, Liu HZ (2016) An ecological new approach for treating Cr(VI)-containing industrial wastewater: photochemical reduction. Water Res 93:187–194

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. An CH, Peng S, Sun YG (2010) Facile synthesis of sunlight-driven AgCl: Ag plasmonic nanophotocatalyst. Adv Mater 22:2570–2574

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Subramanian V, Wolf EE, Kamat PV (2004) Catalysis with TiO2/gold nanocomposites. Effect of metal particle size on the Fermi level equilibration. J Am Chem Soc 126:4943–4950

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Lee J, Mubeen S, Ji XL, Stucky GD, Moskovits M (2012) Plasmonic photoanodes for solar water splitting with visible light. Nano Lett 12:5014–5019

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Hoffmann MR, Martin ST, Choi W, Bahnemann DW (1995) Environmental applications of semiconductor photocatalysis. Chem Rev 95:69–96

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Tian N, Zhou ZY, Sun SG, Ding Y, Wang ZL (2007) Synthesis of tetrahexahedral platinum nanocrystals with high-index facets and high electro-oxidation activity. Science 316:732–735

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Yang HG, Sun CH, Qiao SZ, Zou J, Liu G, Smith SC et al (2008) Anatase TiO2 single crystals with a large percentage of reactive facets. Nature 453:638–642

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Dinh CT, Nguyen TD, Kleitz F, Do TO (2009) Shape-controlled synthesis of highly crystalline titania nanocrystals. ACS Nano 3:3737–3743

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Li J, Wang LW (2003) Shape effects on electronic states of nanocrystals. Nano Lett 3:1357–1363

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Joo J, Kwon SG, Yu T, Cho M, Lee J, Yoon J et al (2005) Large-scale synthesis of TiO2 nanorods via nonhydrolytic sol–gel ester elimination reaction and their application to photocatalytic inactivation of E. coli. J Phys Chem B 109:15297–15302

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Dai YQ, Cobley CM, Zeng J, Sun YM, Xia YN (2009) Synthesis of anatase TiO2 nanocrystals with exposed 001 facets. Nano Lett 9:2455–2459

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Bao SJ, Li CM, Zang JF, Cui XQ, Qiao Y, Guo J (2008) New nanostructured TiO2 for direct electrochemistry and glucose sensor applications. Adv Funct Mater 18:591–599

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. Li RG, Zhang FX, Wang DG, Yang JX, Li MR, Zhu J et al (2013) Spatial separation of photogenerated electrons and holes among 010 and 110 crystal facets of BiVO4. Nat Commun 4:1–7

    Google Scholar 

  20. Liu G, Jimmy CY, Lu GQ, Cheng HM et al (2011) Crystal facet engineering of semiconductor photocatalysts: motivations, advances and unique properties. Chem Commun 47:6763–6783

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. Pan J, Liu G, Lu GQ, Cheng HM (2011) On the true photoreactivity order of {001}, {010}, and {101) facets of anatase TiO2 crystals. Angew Chem Int Ed 50:2133–2137

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. Gordon TR, Cargnello M, Paik T, Mangolini F, Weber RT, Fornasiero P et al (2012) Nonaqueous synthesis of TiO2 nanocrystals using TiF4 to engineer morphology, oxygen vacancy concentration, and photocatalytic activity. J Am Chem Soc 134:6751–6761

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. Xu H, Reunchan P, Ouyang SX, Tong H, Umezawa N, Kako T et al (2013) Anatase TiO2 single crystals exposed with high-reactive 111 facets toward efficient H2 evolution. Chem Mater 25:405–411

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. Selloni A (2008) Anatase shows its reactive side. Nat Mater 7:613–615

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. Liu H, Dong XN, Li GJ, Su X, Zhu ZF (2013) Synthesis of C, Ag co-modified TiO2 photocatalyst and its application in waste water purification. Appl Surf Sci 271:276–283

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

This work was financially supported by the National Science Foundation of China (51272147), Natural Science Foundation of Shaanxi Province (2015JM5208), and the Graduate Innovation Found of Shaanxi University of Science and Technology.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Hui Liu.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Liu, H., Liu, S., Cheng, L. et al. Additive-Free and Tailored Synthesis of TiO2 Nanocrystals-Assembled Mesoporous Leaveslike Nanosheets with Enhanced Photocatalytic Activities. Catal Lett 146, 1529–1534 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10562-016-1758-x

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10562-016-1758-x

Keywords

Navigation