Abstract
Purpose
To assess risk of developing a second benign brain tumor in a nationwide population of cancer survivors.
Methods
We evaluated the risk of developing second benign brain tumors among 2,038,074 1-year minimum cancer survivors compared to expected risk in the general population between 1973 and 2007 in nine population-based cancer registries in the NCI’s surveillance, epidemiology, and end results program. Excess risk was estimated using standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) for all second benign brain tumors and specifically for second meningiomas and acoustic neuromas diagnosed during 2004–2008.
Results
1,025 patients were diagnosed with a second primary benign brain tumor, of which second meningiomas composed the majority (n = 745). Statistically significant increases in risk of developing a second meningioma compared to the general population were observed following first cancers of the brain [SIR = 19.82; 95 % confidence interval (CI) 13.88–27.44], other central nervous system (CNS) (SIR = 9.54; CI 3.10–22.27), thyroid (SIR = 2.05; CI 1.47–2.79), prostate (SIR = 1.21; CI 1.02–1.43), and acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) (SIR = 42.4; CI 23.18–71.13). Statistically significant decreases in risk were observed following first cancers of the uterine corpus (SIR = 0.63; CI 0.42–0.91) and colon (SIR = 0.56; CI 0.37–0.82). Differences in risk between patients initially treated with radiotherapy versus non-irradiated patients were statistically significant for second meningioma after primary cancers of the brain (p Het < 0.001) and ALL (p Het = 0.02). No statistically significant increased risks were detected for second acoustic neuromas (n = 114) following any first primary tumor.
Conclusions
Risk of second benign brain tumors, particularly meningioma, is increased following first primary cancers of the brain/CNS, thyroid, prostate, and ALL. Radiation exposure likely contributes to these excess risks.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Howlader NNA, Krapcho M, Neyman N, Aminou R, Waldron W, Altekruse SF, Kosary CL, Ruhl J, Tatalovich Z, Cho H, Mariotto A, Eisner MP, Lewis DR, Chen HS, Feuer EJ, Cronin KA, Edwards BK (2011) SEER cancer statistics review, 1975–2008, National Cancer Institute http://seer.cancer.gov/csr/1975_2008/, based on November 2010 SEER data submission
Ng AK, Travis LB (2008) Subsequent malignant neoplasms in cancer survivors. Cancer J 14(6):429–434. doi:10.1097/PPO.0b013e31818d87700130404-200811000-00014
Inskip PD (2003) Multiple primary tumors involving cancer of the brain and central nervous system as the first or subsequent cancer. Cancer 98(3):562–570. doi:10.1002/cncr.11554
Kohler BA, Ward E, McCarthy BJ, Schymura MJ, Ries LA, Eheman C, Jemal A, Anderson RN, Ajani UA, Edwards BK (2011) Annual report to the nation on the status of cancer, 1975–2007, featuring tumors of the brain and other nervous system. J Natl Cancer Inst 103(9):714–736. doi:10.1093/jnci/djr077
Shonka NA, Hsu SH, Yung W, Mahajan A, Prabhu S (2011) Chapter 37. Tumors of the central nervous system. In: Kantarjian HM, Wolff RA, Koller CA (eds) The MD Anderson manual of medical oncology, 2 edn. McGraw-Hill, New York
Dolecek TA, Propp JM, Stroup NE, Kruchko C (2012) CBTRUS statistical report: primary brain and central nervous system tumors diagnosed in the United States in 2005–2009. Neurooncology 14(Suppl 5):v1–v49. doi:10.1093/neuonc/nos218
Wrensch M, Minn Y, Chew T, Bondy M, Berger MS (2002) Epidemiology of primary brain tumors: current concepts and review of the literature. Neurooncology 4(4):278–299
Bondy ML, Scheurer ME, Malmer B, Barnholtz-Sloan JS, Davis FG, Il’yasova D, Kruchko C, McCarthy BJ, Rajaraman P, Schwartzbaum JA, Sadetzki S, Schlehofer B, Tihan T, Wiemels JL, Wrensch M, Buffler PA (2008) Brain tumor epidemiology: consensus from the brain tumor epidemiology consortium. Cancer 113(7 Suppl):1953–1968. doi:10.1002/cncr.23741
Ron E, Modan B, Boice JD Jr, Alfandary E, Stovall M, Chetrit A, Katz L (1988) Tumors of the brain and nervous system after radiotherapy in childhood. N Engl J Med 319(16):1033–1039. doi:10.1056/NEJM198810203191601
Bondy M, Ligon BL (1996) Epidemiology and etiology of intracranial meningiomas: a review. J Neurooncol 29(3):197–205
Narod SA, Stiller C, Lenoir GM (1991) An estimate of the heritable fraction of childhood cancer. Br J Cancer 63(6):993–999
Neglia JP, Meadows AT, Robison LL, Kim TH, Newton WA, Ruymann FB, Sather HN, Hammond GD (1991) Second neoplasms after acute lymphoblastic leukemia in childhood. N Engl J Med 325(19):1330–1336. doi:10.1056/NEJM199111073251902
Cahill KS, Claus EB (2011) Treatment and survival of patients with nonmalignant intracranial meningioma: results from the surveillance, epidemiology, and end results program of the National Cancer Institute. J Neurosurg 115(2):259–267. doi:10.3171/2011.3.JNS101748
Surveillance Research Program, National Cancer Institute SEER*Stat software (http://seer.cancer.gov/seerstat) version 8.1.2
Breslow NE (1984) Elementary methods of cohort analysis. Int J Epidemiol 13(1):112–115
Berrington de Gonzalez A, Curtis RE, Kry SF, Gilbert E, Lamart S, Berg CD, Stovall M, Ron E (2011) Proportion of second cancers attributable to radiotherapy treatment in adults: a cohort study in the US SEER cancer registries. Lancet Oncol 12(4):353–360. doi:10.1016/S1470-2045(11)70061-4
Bhatia S (2005) Cancer survivorship–pediatric issues. Hematology/the Education Program of the American Society of Hematology American Society of Hematology Education Program: 507–515. doi:10.1182/asheducation-2005.1.507
Neglia JP, Robison LL, Stovall M, Liu Y, Packer RJ, Hammond S, Yasui Y, Kasper CE, Mertens AC, Donaldson SS, Meadows AT, Inskip PD (2006) New primary neoplasms of the central nervous system in survivors of childhood cancer: a report from the childhood cancer survivor study. J Natl Cancer Inst 98(21):1528–1537. doi:10.1093/jnci/djj411
Sadetzki S, Chetrit A, Freedman L, Stovall M, Modan B, Novikov I (2005) Long-term follow-up for brain tumor development after childhood exposure to ionizing radiation for tinea capitis. Radiat Res 163(4):424–432
Taylor AJ, Little MP, Winter DL, Sugden E, Ellison DW, Stiller CA, Stovall M, Frobisher C, Lancashire ER, Reulen RC, Hawkins MM (2010) Population-based risks of CNS tumors in survivors of childhood cancer: the British childhood cancer survivor study. J Clin Oncol 28(36):5287–5293. doi:10.1200/JCO.2009.27.0090
Cardous-Ubbink MC, Heinen RC, Bakker PJ, van den Berg H, Oldenburger F, Caron HN, Voute PA, van Leeuwen FE (2007) Risk of second malignancies in long-term survivors of childhood cancer. Eur J Cancer 43(2):351–362. doi:10.1016/j.ejca.2006.10.004
Inskip PD, Curtis RE (2007) New malignancies following childhood cancer in the United States, 1973–2002. Int J Cancer 121(10):2233–2240. doi:10.1002/ijc.22827
Pui CH, Cheng C, Leung W, Rai SN, Rivera GK, Sandlund JT, Ribeiro RC, Relling MV, Kun LE, Evans WE, Hudson MM (2003) Extended follow-up of long-term survivors of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia. N Engl J Med 349(7):640–649. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa035091349/7/640
Shoshan Y, Chernova O, Juen SS, Somerville RP, Israel Z, Barnett GH, Cowell JK (2000) Radiation-induced meningioma: a distinct molecular genetic pattern? J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 59(7):614–620
Devarahally SR, Severson RK, Chuba P, Thomas R, Bhambhani K, Hamre MR (2003) Second malignant neoplasms after primary central nervous system malignancies of childhood and adolescence. Pediatr Hematol Oncol 20(8):617–625. doi:10.1080/08880010390243031
Claus EB, Calvocoressi L, Bondy ML, Schildkraut JM, Wiemels JL, Wrensch M Family and personal medical history and risk of meningioma. J Neurosurg doi:10.3171/2011.6.JNS11129
Sughrue ME, Kane AJ, Shangari G, Parsa AT, Berger MS, McDermott MW Prevalence of previous extracranial malignancies in a series of 1228 patients presenting with meningioma. J Neurosurg 113 (5):1115–1121. doi:10.3171/2010.3.JNS091975
Lee E, Grutsch J, Persky V, Glick R, Mendes J, Davis F (2006) Association of meningioma with reproductive factors. Int J Cancer 119(5):1152–1157. doi:10.1002/ijc.21950
Davis F, Tavelin B, Grutsch J, Malmer B (2007) Second primary tumors following a diagnosis of meningioma in Sweden, 1958–1997. Neuroepidemiology 29(1–2):101–106. doi:10.1159/000109823
Custer BS, Koepsell TD, Mueller BA (2002) The association between breast carcinoma and meningioma in women. Cancer 94(6):1626–1635. doi:10.1002/cncr.10410
Rao G, Giordano SH, Liu J, McCutcheon IE (2009) The association of breast cancer and meningioma in men and women. Neurosurgery 65 (3):483–489; discussion 489. doi:10.1227/01.NEU.0000350876.91495.E000006123-200909000-00016
Preston DL, Ron E, Yonehara S, Kobuke T, Fujii H, Kishikawa M, Tokunaga M, Tokuoka S, Mabuchi K (2002) Tumors of the nervous system and pituitary gland associated with atomic bomb radiation exposure. J Natl Cancer Inst 94(20):1555–1563
Wilson JF, Weale ME, Smith AC, Gratrix F, Fletcher B, Thomas MG, Bradman N, Goldstein DB (2001) Population genetic structure of variable drug response. Nat Genet 29(3):265–269. doi:10.1038/ng761
Tang H, Quertermous T, Rodriguez B, Kardia SL, Zhu X, Brown A, Pankow JS, Province MA, Hunt SC, Boerwinkle E, Schork NJ, Risch NJ (2005) Genetic structure, self-identified race/ethnicity, and confounding in case-control association studies. Am J Hum Genet 76(2):268–275. doi:10.1086/427888
Risch N, Burchard E, Ziv E, Tang H (2002) Categorization of humans in biomedical research: genes, race and disease. Genome Biol 3 (7): comment 2007
Burchard EG, Ziv E, Coyle N, Gomez SL, Tang H, Karter AJ, Mountain JL, Perez-Stable EJ, Sheppard D, Risch N (2003) The importance of race and ethnic background in biomedical research and clinical practice. N Engl J Med 348(12):1170–1175. doi:10.1056/NEJMsb025007
Conflict of interest
The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Electronic supplementary material
Below is the link to the electronic supplementary material.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Kutsenko, A., Berrington de Gonzalez, A., Curtis, R.E. et al. Risk of second benign brain tumors among cancer survivors in the surveillance, epidemiology, and end results program. Cancer Causes Control 25, 659–668 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10552-014-0367-5
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10552-014-0367-5