Skip to main content

Advertisement

SpringerLink
Log in

Characteristics and spectrum of BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations in 3,922 Korean patients with breast and ovarian cancer

  • Epidemiology
  • Published:
Breast Cancer Research and Treatment Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

This investigation is aimed at evaluating the epidemiologic characteristics of BRCA1/2 germline mutations in Korean patients with breast and ovarian cancer (BOC). We analyzed the entire mutational data of BRCA1/2 genes in BOC patients who were tested in Korea since the first Korean report of BRCA1 mutation in 1995 with the exception of the data covered in the Korean Hereditary Breast Cancer (KOHBRA) study, the project launched in 2007 for establishing BRCA1/2 carrier cohorts in Korea. In total, BRCA1/2 gene mutations of 3,922 Korean BOC patients were evaluated, including the unpublished data of 2,139 breast cancer patients examined by four Korean institutions and the data of 1,783 BOC patients covered in ten previous reports. Overall, 420 (150 distinct) pathogenic mutations were identified, 211 (73 distinct) in BRCA1 and 209 (77 distinct) in BRCA2. The majority (134 of 150) of the distinct mutations resulted in premature termination codon of the BRCA1/2 translation. BRCA1 c.4186-1593_4676-1465del was the only large genomic rearrangements mutation. Out of 150 distinct BRCA1/2 mutations, 84 (56 %) mutations were considered specific to Korean BOC. Eighty-five BRCA1/2 mutations were detected in at least two unrelated patients. These recurrent mutations account for 84.5 % (355 of 420) of mutations detected in the Korean population. In the pooled mutational data of BRCA1/2 genes, this study discovered the prevalence of BRCA1/2 mutations in the Korean BOC patients is similar to those found in other ethnic groups. Large genomic rearrangements in BRCA1/2 genes were infrequently detected among the Korean patients with BOC. There were several BRCA1/2 mutation candidates for founder mutations. To further establish a Korean cohort for BRCA1/2 mutations, the nationwide KOHBRA study is in progress.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Narod SA (2011) BRCA mutations in the management of breast cancer: the state of the art. Nat Rev Clin Oncol 7:702–707

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Daly MB, Axilbund JE, Buys S, Crawford B, Farrell CD, Friedman S, Garber JE, Goorha S, Gruber SB, Hampel H, Kaklamani V, Kohlmann W, Kurian A, Litton J, Marcom PK, Nussbaum R, Offit K, Pal T, Pasche B, Pilarski R, Reiser G, Shannon KM, Smith JR, Swisher E, Weitzel JN (2010) Genetic/familial high-risk assessment: breast and ovarian. J Natl Compr Canc Netw 8:562–594

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Antoniou A, Pharoah PD, Narod S, Risch HA, Eyfjord JE, Hopper JL, Loman N, Olsson H, Johannsson O, Borg A, Pasini B, Radice P, Manoukian S, Eccles DM, Tang N, Olah E, Anton-Culver H, Warner E, Lubinski J, Gronwald J, Gorski B, Tulinius H, Thorlacius S, Eerola H, Nevanlinna H, Syrjakoski K, Kallioniemi OP, Thompson D, Evans C, Peto J, Lalloo F, Evans DG, Easton DF (2003) Average risks of breast and ovarian cancer associated with BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutations detected in case series unselected for family history: a combined analysis of 22 studies. Am J Hum Genet 72:1117–1130

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Chen S, Parmigiani G (2007) Meta-analysis of BRCA1 and BRCA2 penetrance. J Clin Oncol 25:1329–1333

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Gonzalez-Angulo AM, Timms KM, Liu S, Chen H, Litton JK, Potter J, Lanchbury JS, Stemke-Hale K, Hennessy BT, Arun BK, Hortobagyi GN, Do KA, Mills GB, Meric-Bernstam F (2011) Incidence and outcome of BRCA mutations in unselected patients with triple receptor-negative breast cancer. Clin Cancer Res 17:1082–1089

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Robson M, Gilewski T, Haas B, Levin D, Borgen P, Rajan P, Hirschaut Y, Pressman P, Rosen PP, Lesser ML, Norton L, Offit K (1998) BRCA-associated breast cancer in young women. J Clin Oncol 16:1642–1649

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Young SR, Pilarski RT, Donenberg T, Shapiro C, Hammond LS, Miller J, Brooks KA, Cohen S, Tenenholz B, Desai D, Zandvakili I, Royer R, Li S, Narod SA (2009) The prevalence of BRCA1 mutations among young women with triple-negative breast cancer. BMC Cancer 9:86

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Ferla R, Calo V, Cascio S, Rinaldi G, Badalamenti G, Carreca I, Surmacz E, Colucci G, Bazan V, Russo A (2007) Founder mutations in BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes. Ann Oncol 18(Suppl 6):vi93–vi98

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  9. Liede A, Narod SA (2002) Hereditary breast and ovarian cancer in Asia: genetic epidemiology of BRCA1 and BRCA2. Hum Mutat 20:413–424

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Jung YS, Na KY, Kim KS, Ahn SH, Lee SJ, Park HK, Cho YU (2011) Nation-wide Korean breast cancer data from 2008 using the breast cancer registration program. J Breast Cancer 14:229–236

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  11. Oh JH, Noh DY, Choe KJ, Kang SB, Kim LS, Ro MS, Paik NS, Yang DH, Oh SM, Lee SN, Park JG (1995) Germline mutation of BRCA1 gene in Korean breast and ovarian cancer patients. J Korean Cancer Assoc 27:1061–1069

    Google Scholar 

  12. Kang HC, Kim IJ, Park JH, Kwon HJ, Won YJ, Heo SC, Lee SY, Kim KH, Shin Y, Noh DY, Yang DH, Choe KJ, Lee BH, King SB, Park JG (2002) Germline mutations of BRCA1 and BRCA2 in Korean breast and/or ovarian cancer families. Hum Mutat 20:235

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  13. Choi DH, Lee MH, Bale AE, Carter D, Haffty BG (2004) Incidence of BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations in young Korean breast cancer patients. J Clin Oncol 22:1638–1645

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Seo JH, Cho DY, Ahn SH, Yoon KS, Kang CS, Cho HM, Lee HS, Choe JJ, Choi CW, Kim BS, Shin SW, Kim YH, Kim JS, Son GS, Lee JB, Koo BH (2004) BRCA1 and BRCA2 germline mutations in Korean patients with sporadic breast cancer. Hum Mutat 24:350

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  15. Kim YT, Nam EJ, Yoon BS, Kim SW, Kim SH, Kim JH, Kim HK, Koo JS, Kim JW (2005) Germline mutations of BRCA1 and BRCA2 in Korean sporadic ovarian carcinoma. Gynecol Oncol 99:585–590

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Han SH, Lee KR, Lee DG, Kim BY, Lee KE, Chung WS (2006) Mutation analysis of BRCA1 and BRCA2 from 793 Korean patients with sporadic breast cancer. Clin Genet 70:496–501

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  17. Ahn SH, Son BH, Yoon KS, Noh DY, Han W, Kim SW, Lee ES, Park HL, Hong YJ, Choi JJ, Moon SY, Kim MJ, Kim KH, Kwak BS, Cho DY (2007) BRCA1 and BRCA2 germline mutations in Korean breast cancer patients at high risk of carrying mutations. Cancer Lett 245:90–95

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Lim MC, Kang S, Seo SS, Kong SY, Lee BY, Lee SK, Park SY (2009) BRCA1 and BRCA2 germline mutations in Korean ovarian cancer patients. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 135:1593–1599

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. Seong MW, Cho S, Noh DY, Han W, Kim SW, Park CM, Park HW, Kim SY, Kim JY, Park SS (2009) Comprehensive mutational analysis of BRCA1/BRCA2 for Korean breast cancer patients: evidence of a founder mutation. Clin Genet 76:152–160

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. Seong MW, Cho SI, Noh DY, Han W, Kim SW, Park CM, Park HW, Kim SY, Kim JY, Park SS (2009) Low contribution of BRCA1/2 genomic rearrangement to high-risk breast cancer in the Korean population. Fam Cancer 8:505–508

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. Velasco E, Infante M, Duran M, Esteban-Cardenosa E, Lastra E, Garcia-Giron C, Miner C (2005) Rapid mutation detection in complex genes by heteroduplex analysis with capillary array electrophoresis. Electrophoresis 26:2539–2552

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. den Dunnen JT, Antonarakis SE (2000) Mutation nomenclature extensions and suggestions to describe complex mutations: a discussion. Hum Mutat 15:7–12

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. Mazoyer S, Dunning AM, Serova O, Dearden J, Puget N, Healey CS, Gayther SA, Mangion J, Stratton MR, Lynch HT, Goldgar DE, Ponder BA, Lenoir GM (1996) A polymorphic stop codon in BRCA2. Nat Genet 14:253–254

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. Kim BY, Lee DG, Lee KR, Han SH, Surendran S, Han CW, Chung N (2006) Identification of BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations from Korean breast cancer patients using denaturing HPLC. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 349:604–610

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. Fackenthal JD, Olopade OI (2007) Breast cancer risk associated with BRCA1 and BRCA2 in diverse populations. Nat Rev Cancer 7:937–948

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. Kurian AW (2010) BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations across race and ethnicity: distribution and clinical implications. Curr Opin Obstet Gynecol 22:72–78

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  27. Nanda R, Schumm LP, Cummings S, Fackenthal JD, Sveen L, Ademuyiwa F, Cobleigh M, Esserman L, Lindor NM, Neuhausen SL, Olopade OI (2005) Genetic testing in an ethnically diverse cohort of high-risk women: a comparative analysis of BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations in American families of European and African ancestry. JAMA 294:1925–1933

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. Weitzel JN, Lagos V, Blazer KR, Nelson R, Ricker C, Herzog J, McGuire C, Neuhausen S (2005) Prevalence of BRCA mutations and founder effect in high-risk Hispanic families. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 14:1666–1671

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. Kurian AW, Gong GD, Chun NM, Mills MA, Staton AD, Kingham KE, Crawford BB, Lee R, Chan S, Donlon SS, Ridge Y, Panabaker K, West DW, Whittemore AS, Ford JM (2008) Performance of BRCA1/2 mutation prediction models in Asian Americans. J Clin Oncol 26:4752–4758

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  30. Chen W, Pan K, Ouyang T, Li J, Wang T, Fan Z, Fan T, Lin B, Lu Y, You W, Xie Y (2009) BRCA1 germline mutations and tumor characteristics in Chinese women with familial or early-onset breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res Treat 117:55–60

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. Li WF, Hu Z, Rao NY, Song CG, Zhang B, Cao MZ, Su FX, Wang YS, He PQ, Di GH, Shen KW, Wu J, Lu JS, Luo JM, Liu XY, Zhou J, Wang L, Zhao L, Liu YB, Yuan WT, Yang L, Shen ZZ, Huang W, Shao ZM (2008) The prevalence of BRCA1 and BRCA2 germline mutations in high-risk breast cancer patients of Chinese Han nationality: two recurrent mutations were identified. Breast Cancer Res Treat 110:99–109

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  32. Purnomosari D, Pals G, Wahyono A, Aryandono T, Manuaba TW, Haryono SJ, van Diest PJ (2007) BRCA1 and BRCA2 germline mutation analysis in the Indonesian population. Breast Cancer Res Treat 106:297–304

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  33. Ikeda N, Miyoshi Y, Yoneda K, Shiba E, Sekihara Y, Kinoshita M, Noguchi S (2001) Frequency of BRCA1 and BRCA2 germline mutations in Japanese breast cancer families. Int J Cancer 91:83–88

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  34. Rashid MU, Zaidi A, Torres D, Sultan F, Benner A, Naqvi B, Shakoori AR, Seidel-Renkert A, Farooq H, Narod S, Amin A, Hamann U (2006) Prevalence of BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations in Pakistani breast and ovarian cancer patients. Int J Cancer 119:2832–2839

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  35. Haffty BG, Choi DH, Goyal S, Silber A, Ranieri K, Matloff E, Lee MH, Nissenblatt M, Toppmeyer D, Moran MS (2009) Breast cancer in young women (YBC): prevalence of BRCA1/2 mutations and risk of secondary malignancies across diverse racial groups. Ann Oncol 20:1653–1659

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  36. Narod SA (2012) Should all women with breast cancer be tested for BRCA mutations at the time of diagnosis? J Clin Oncol 30:2–3

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  37. Burness ML, Olopade OI (2011) Is screening with magnetic resonance imaging in BRCA mutation carriers a safe and effective alternative to prophylactic mastectomy? J Clin Oncol 29:1652–1654

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  38. Tutt A, Robson M, Garber JE, Domchek SM, Audeh MW, Weitzel JN, Friedlander M, Arun B, Loman N, Schmutzler RK, Wardley A, Mitchell G, Earl H, Wickens M, Carmichael J (2010) Oral poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitor olaparib in patients with BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutations and advanced breast cancer: a proof-of-concept trial. Lancet 376:235–244

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  39. Byrski T, Gronwald J, Huzarski T, Grzybowska E, Budryk M, Stawicka M, Mierzwa T, Szwiec M, Wisniowski R, Siolek M, Dent R, Lubinski J, Narod S (2010) Pathologic complete response rates in young women with BRCA1-positive breast cancers after neoadjuvant chemotherapy. J Clin Oncol 28:375–379

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  40. Gerhardus A, Schleberger H, Schlegelberger B, Gadzicki D (2007) Diagnostic accuracy of methods for the detection of BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations: a systematic review. Eur J Hum Genet 15:619–627

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  41. Struewing JP, Hartge P, Wacholder S, Baker SM, Berlin M, McAdams M, Timmerman MM, Brody LC, Tucker MA (1997) The risk of cancer associated with specific mutations of BRCA1 and BRCA2 among Ashkenazi Jews. N Engl J Med 336:1401–1408

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  42. Thorlacius S, Olafsdottir G, Tryggvadottir L, Neuhausen S, Jonasson JG, Tavtigian SV, Tulinius H, Ogmundsdottir HM, Eyfjord JE (1996) A single BRCA2 mutation in male and female breast cancer families from Iceland with varied cancer phenotypes. Nat Genet 13:117–119

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  43. Stadler ZK, Saloustros E, Hansen NA, Schluger AE, Kauff ND, Offit K, Robson ME (2010) Absence of genomic BRCA1 and BRCA2 rearrangements in Ashkenazi breast and ovarian cancer families. Breast Cancer Res Treat 123:581–585

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  44. Palma MD, Domchek SM, Stopfer J, Erlichman J, Siegfried JD, Tigges-Cardwell J, Mason BA, Rebbeck TR, Nathanson KL (2008) The relative contribution of point mutations and genomic rearrangements in BRCA1 and BRCA2 in high-risk breast cancer families. Cancer Res 68:7006–7014

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  45. Kang P, Mariapun S, Phuah SY, Lim LS, Liu J, Yoon SY, Thong MK, Mohd Taib NA, Yip CH, Teo SH (2010) Large BRCA1 and BRCA2 genomic rearrangements in Malaysian high risk breast-ovarian cancer families. Breast Cancer Res Treat 124:579–584

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  46. Agata S, Viel A, Della Puppa L, Cortesi L, Fersini G, Callegaro M, Dalla Palma M, Dolcetti R, Federico M, Venuta S, Miolo G, D’Andrea E, Montagna M (2006) Prevalence of BRCA1 genomic rearrangements in a large cohort of Italian breast and breast/ovarian cancer families without detectable BRCA1 and BRCA2 point mutations. Genes Chromosomes Cancer 45:791–797

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  47. Hansen TO, Jonson L, Albrechtsen A, Andersen MK, Ejlertsen B, Nielsen FC (2009) Large BRCA1 and BRCA2 genomic rearrangements in Danish high risk breast-ovarian cancer families. Breast Cancer Res Treat 115:315–323

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  48. Ticha I, Kleibl Z, Stribrna J, Kotlas J, Zimovjanova M, Mateju M, Zikan M, Pohlreich P (2010) Screening for genomic rearrangements in BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes in Czech high-risk breast/ovarian cancer patients: high proportion of population specific alterations in BRCA1 gene. Breast Cancer Res Treat 124:337–347

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  49. Walsh T, Casadei S, Coats KH, Swisher E, Stray SM, Higgins J, Roach KC, Mandell J, Lee MK, Ciernikova S, Foretova L, Soucek P, King MC (2006) Spectrum of mutations in BRCA1, BRCA2, CHEK2, and TP53 in families at high risk of breast cancer. JAMA 295:1379–1388

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  50. Kim EK, Kim KS, Park SK, Ahn SH, Lee MH, Kim SW, Society KBC (2007) The Korean Hereditary Breast Cancer (KOHBRA) Study: protocol review. J Breast Cancer 10:241–247

    Article  Google Scholar 

  51. Vogel KJ, Atchley DP, Erlichman J, Broglio KR, Ready KJ, Valero V, Amos CI, Hortobagyi GN, Lu KH, Arun B (2007) BRCA1 and BRCA2 genetic testing in Hispanic patients: mutation prevalence and evaluation of the BRCAPRO risk assessment model. J Clin Oncol 25:4635–4641

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  52. Peto J, Collins N, Barfoot R, Seal S, Warren W, Rahman N, Easton DF, Evans C, Deacon J, Stratton MR (1999) Prevalence of BRCA1 and BRCA2 gene mutations in patients with early-onset breast cancer. J Natl Cancer Inst 91:943–949

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  53. Malone KE, Daling JR, Neal C, Suter NM, O’Brien C, Cushing-Haugen K, Jonasdottir TJ, Thompson JD, Ostrander EA (2000) Frequency of BRCA1/BRCA2 mutations in a population-based sample of young breast carcinoma cases. Cancer 88:1393–1402

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  54. Hamann U, Liu X, Bungardt N, Ulmer HU, Bastert G, Sinn HP (2003) Similar contributions of BRCA1 and BRCA2 germline mutations to early-onset breast cancer in Germany. Eur J Hum Genet 11:464–467

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  55. Loman N, Johannsson O, Kristoffersson U, Olsson H, Borg A (2001) Family history of breast and ovarian cancers and BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations in a population-based series of early-onset breast cancer. J Natl Cancer Inst 93:1215–1223

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  56. De Leon Matsuda ML, Liede A, Kwan E, Mapua CA, Cutiongco EM, Tan A, Borg A, Narod SA (2002) BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations among breast cancer patients from the Philippines. Int J Cancer 98:596–603

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  57. Yassaee VR, Zeinali S, Harirchi I, Jarvandi S, Mohagheghi MA, Hornby DP, Dalton A (2002) Novel mutations in the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes in Iranian women with early-onset breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res 4:R6

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

This study was supported by a grant from the National R&D Program for Cancer Control funded by the Ministry for Health, Welfare and Family Affairs (#1020350), and a grant from the Industrial Strategic Technology Development Program funded by the Ministry of Knowledge Economy (#10038662), Republic of Korea.

Conflict of interest

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Radiation Oncology, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Anyang, Korea

    Haeyoung Kim

  2. LabGenomics Clinical Research Institute, LabGenomics, Seongnam, Korea

    Dae-Yeon Cho, Su-Youn Choi & Inkyung Shin

  3. Department of Radiation Oncology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 50 Irwon-dong, Seoul, 135-710, Gangnam-gu, South Korea

    Doo Ho Choi, Won Park & Seung Jae Huh

  4. Department of Molecular Genetics, Seoul Medical Science Institute, Seoul Clinical Laboratories, Seoul, Korea

    Sung-Hee Han

  5. Department of Surgery, Soonchunhyang University, Seoul, Korea

    Min Hyuk Lee

  6. Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Ulsan and Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea

    Sei Hyun Ahn & Byung Ho Son

  7. Department of Surgery, Breast and Endocrine Service, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea

    Sung-Won Kim

  8. Department of Radiation Oncology, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, USA

    Bruce G. Haffty

Authors
  1. Haeyoung Kim
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Dae-Yeon Cho
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Doo Ho Choi
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Su-Youn Choi
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Inkyung Shin
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Won Park
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  7. Seung Jae Huh
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  8. Sung-Hee Han
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  9. Min Hyuk Lee
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  10. Sei Hyun Ahn
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  11. Byung Ho Son
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  12. Sung-Won Kim
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  13. Bruce G. Haffty
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Consortia

Korean Breast Cancer Study Group

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Doo Ho Choi.

Additional information

Haeyoung Kim and Dae-Yeon Cho equally contributed to this research.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Kim, H., Cho, DY., Choi, D.H. et al. Characteristics and spectrum of BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations in 3,922 Korean patients with breast and ovarian cancer. Breast Cancer Res Treat 134, 1315–1326 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10549-012-2159-5

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10549-012-2159-5

Keywords

Search

Navigation