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Alleviation of osmotic stress in Brassica napus, B. campestris, and B. juncea by ascorbic acid application

  • Original Papers
  • Published:
Biologia Plantarum

Abstract

The roles of ascorbic acid (AsA, 1 mM) under an osmotic stress [induced by 15 % (m/v) polyethylene glycol, PEG-6000] were investigated by examining morphological and physiological attributes in Brassica species. The osmotic stress reduced the fresh and dry masses, leaf relative water content (RWC), and chlorophyll (Chl) content, whereas increased the proline (Pro), malondialdehyde (MDA), and H2O2 content, and lipoxygenase (LOX) activity. The ascorbate content in B. napus, B. campestris, and B. juncea decreased, increased, and remained unaltered, respectively. The dehydroascorbate (DHA) content increased only in B. napus. The AsA/DHA ratio was reduced by the osmotic stress in all the species except B. juncea. The osmotic stress increased the glutathione (GSH) content only in B. juncea, but increased the glutathione disulfide (GSSG) content and decreased the GSH/GSSG ratio in all the species. The osmotic stress increased the activities of ascorbate peroxidase (APX) (except in B. napus), glutathione reductase (GR) (except in B. napus), glutathione S-transferase (GST) (except in B. juncea), and glutathione peroxidase (GPX), and decreased the activities of catalase (CAT) and monodehydroascorbate reductase (MDHAR) (only in B. campestris). The osmotic stress decreased the glyoxalase I (Gly I) and increased glyoxalase II (Gly II) activities. The application of AsA in combination with PEG improved the fresh mass, RWC, and Chl content, whereas decreased the Pro, MDA, and H2O2 content in comparison with PEG alone. The AsA addition improved AsA-GSH cycle components and improved the activities of all antioxidant and glyoxalase enzymes in most of the cases. So, exogenous AsA improved physiological adaptation and alleviated oxidative damage under the osmotic stress by improving the antioxidant and glyoxalase systems. According to measured parameters, B. juncea can be recognized as more drought tolerant than B. napus and B. campestris.

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Abbreviations

AO:

ascorbate oxidase

APX:

ascorbate peroxidase

AsA:

ascorbic acid (ascorbate)

BSA:

bovine serum albumin

CAT:

catalase

CDNB:

1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene

Chl:

chlorophyll

DHA:

dehydroascorbate

DHAR:

dehydroascorbate reductase

DTNB:

5,5′-dithio-bis-(2-nitrobenzoic acid)

EDTA:

ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid

Gly I:

glyoxalase I

Gly II:

glyoxalase II

GPX:

glutathione peroxidase

GR:

glutathione reductase

GSH:

reduced glutathione

GSSG:

oxidized glutathione

GST:

glutathione S-transferase

LOX:

lipoxygenase

MDA:

malondialdehyde

MDHA:

monodehydroascorbate

MDHAR:

monodehydroascorbate reductase

MG:

methylglyoxal

NTB:

2-nitro-5-thiobenzoic acid

PEG:

polyethylene glycol

Pro:

Proline

ROS:

reactive oxygen species

RWC:

relative water content

SLG:

S-D-lactoylglutathione

TBA:

thiobarbituric acid

TCA:

trichloroacetic acid

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratory of Plant Stress Responses, Department of Applied Biological Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagawa University, Miki-cho, Kita-gun, Kagawa, 761-0795, Japan

    M. M. Alam, K. Nahar & M. Fujita

  2. Department of Agricultural Botany, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Sher-e-Bangla Nagar, Dhaka, 1207, Bangladesh

    K. Nahar

  3. Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Sher-e-Bangla Nagar, Dhaka, 1207, Bangladesh

    M. Hasanuzzaman

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  3. M. Hasanuzzaman
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  4. M. Fujita
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Correspondence to M. Fujita.

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Acknowledgements: The first author is grateful to the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, and Technology (MEXT), Japan for financial supports. We acknowledge Dr. Motiar Rohman, the Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute for his help during enzyme assays.

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Alam, M.M., Nahar, K., Hasanuzzaman, M. et al. Alleviation of osmotic stress in Brassica napus, B. campestris, and B. juncea by ascorbic acid application. Biol Plant 58, 697–708 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10535-014-0447-0

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10535-014-0447-0

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