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Recent advances in plant immunity: recognition, signaling, response, and evolution

  • Review
  • Published:
Biologia Plantarum

Abstract

Innate immune system is employed by plants to defend against phytopathogenic microbes through specific perception of non-self molecules and subsequent initiation of resistance responses. Current researches elucidate that plants mostly rely on cell surface-located pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) and intracellular nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat proteins (NB-LRRs) to recognize pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) and effector proteins from microbial pathogens, initiating PAMP- and effector-triggered immunity (PTI and ETI), respectively. Some pathogenic bacterial effector proteins are usually secreted into plant cells and play a virulence function by suppressing plant PTI, implying an evolutionary process of plant immunity from PTI to ETI. In the past several years, a great progress has been achieved to reveal fascinating molecular mechanisms underlying the pathogenic recognition, resistance signaling transduction, and plant immunity evolution. Here, we summarized the latest breakthroughs about these topics, and offered an integral understanding of plant molecular immunity.

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Abbreviations

Adi3:

AvrPto-dependent Pto-interacting protein 3

AGO:

argonaute

ATG:

autophagy-related protein

ATR13:

Arabidopsis thaliana recognized 13

BAK1:

BRI1-associated kinase

BIK1:

Botrytis-induced kinase 1

BRI1:

brassinosteroid intensitive 1

CBL:

calcineurin B-like protein

CEBiP:

chitin elicitor binding protein

CERK1:

chitin elicitor receptor kinase

CDPK:

calcium-dependent protein kinase

DAMP:

damage-associated molecular pattern

EFR:

EF-Tu receptor

EDS1:

enhanced disease susceptibility 1

ETI:

effector-triggered immunity

FLS2:

flagellin sensing 2

FRK1:

flg22-induced receptor-like kinase 1

HGA:

homogalacturonan

HSP90:

heat shock protein 90

KAPP:

kinase-associated protein phosphatase

LRR-RLK:

leucine-rich repeats-receptor-like kinase

MAPK:

mitogen activated protein kinase

MPK:

MAP kinase phosphatase

NB-LRR:

nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat proteins

NLS:

nuclear localization signal

NRIP1:

nuclear-receptor-interacting protein 1

OGs:

oligogalacturonides

PAMP:

pathogen-associated molecular pattern

PBS1:

avrPphB susceptible 1

PCD:

programmed cell death

PEPR1:

PEP receptor 1

PP2C:

protein phosphatase 2C

PopP2:

Pseudomonas outer protein P2

PPR:

pattern recognition receptor

PTI:

PAMP-triggered immunity

RAR1:

required for Mla12 resistance protein

RD19:

responsive to dehydration 19

RIN4:

RPM1-interacting protein 4

RIPK:

RIN4-interacting receptor-like protein kinase

RLCK:

receptor-like cytoplasmic kinase

RLF:

receptor like kinase

RLP:

receptor like protein

ROS:

reactive oxygen species

RPG1-b:

resistance to Pseudomonas syringae pv. glycinea 1b

RPM1:

resistance to P. syringae pv. maculicola

RPP13:

Arabidopsis resistance to Peronospora parasitica 13

RPS2:

resistance to Pseudomonas syringae 2

RPS4:

resistance to Pseudomonas syringae 4

RRS1-R:

resistance to Ralstonia solanacerum 1-R

SGT1:

suppressor of the G allele of skp1

T3SEs:

type III secreted effectors

TAO1:

target of AvrB operation 1

WAK1:

wall-associated kinase 1

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  1. School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Shandong Jianzhu University, Fengming Road 1000, 250101, Jinan, P.R. China

    S. Hou, C. Zhang, Y. Yang & D. Wu

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  1. S. Hou
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  2. C. Zhang
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  4. D. Wu
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Correspondence to S. Hou.

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Acknowledgments: We would like to thank Dr. Hongwei Shao for reading the manuscript and an anonymous reviewer for giving some critical suggestions. The work is supported by the National Science Foundation of China (51078224).

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Hou, S., Zhang, C., Yang, Y. et al. Recent advances in plant immunity: recognition, signaling, response, and evolution. Biol Plant 57, 11–25 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10535-012-0109-z

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