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Utilization of microbial iron assimilation processes for the development of new antibiotics and inspiration for the design of new anticancer agents

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Abstract

Pathogenic microbes rapidly develop resistance to antibiotics. To keep ahead in the “microbial war”, extensive interdisciplinary research is needed. A primary cause of drug resistance is the overuse of antibiotics that can result in alteration of microbial permeability, alteration of drug target binding sites, induction of enzymes that destroy antibiotics (ie., beta-lactamase) and even induction of efflux mechanisms. A combination of chemical syntheses, microbiological and biochemical studies demonstrate that the known critical dependence of iron assimilation by microbes for growth and virulence can be exploited for the development of new approaches to antibiotic therapy. Iron recognition and active transport relies on the biosyntheses and use of microbe-selective iron-chelating compounds called siderophores. Our studies, and those of others, demonstrate that siderophores and analogs can be used for iron transport-mediated drug delivery (“Trojan Horse” antibiotics) and induction of iron limitation/starvation (Development of new agents to block iron assimilation). Recent extensions of the use of siderophores for the development of novel potent and selective anticancer agents are also described.

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Acknowledgments

This research was supported by the NIH (AI054193) and the US Army Medical Research & Material Command (DAMD17-03-1-0206). The authors gratefully acknowledge Mrs. Patty Miller for performing MCF-7 and PC-3 cellular assays at Notre Dame. Baojie Wan at the University of Chicago’s Institute for Tuberculosis Research kindly provided M. tuberculosis inhibition data. The excellent technical assistance of Irmgard Heinemann and Uta Wohfield with microbial assays at the HKI is greatly appreciated.

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  1. Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, 46556, USA

    Marvin J. Miller, Helen Zhu, Yanping Xu, Chunrui Wu, Andrew J. Walz, Anne Vergne, John M. Roosenberg, Garrett Moraski, Albert A. Minnick, Julia McKee-Dolence, Jingdan Hu, Kelley Fennell, E. Kurt Dolence & Li Dong

  2. College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA

    Scott Franzblau

  3. Département de Biologie, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, J1K 2R1, Canada

    Francois Malouin

  4. Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology e.V. Hans Knöll Institute, Beutenbergstrasse 11a, 07745, Jena, Germany

    Ute Möllmann

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  1. Marvin J. Miller
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Correspondence to Marvin J. Miller.

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Miller, M.J., Zhu, H., Xu, Y. et al. Utilization of microbial iron assimilation processes for the development of new antibiotics and inspiration for the design of new anticancer agents. Biometals 22, 61–75 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10534-008-9185-0

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