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Phylogeography of endangered Dendrobium moniliforme in East Asia based on mitochondrial DNA sequence variations

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Abstract

Belonging to the genus Dendrobium of Orchidaceae, Dendrobium moniliforme is an endangered species with disjunct distribution in East Asia, possessing significant medicinal value. To investigate its phylogeography, this study compared sequences of two mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) fragments (nad 1/b-c and nad 7/2-3) from 143 samples of 18 natural populations of D. moniliforme almost covering the entire range of the Sino-Japanese Floristic Region (SJFR) of East Asia. As a result, a total of 30 mtDNA haplotypes were identified in these populations which revealed high levels of haplotype diversity (H d  = 0.8733) and total genetic diversity (H T  = 0.8886). Additionally, G ST value being significantly lower (0.451) than N ST value (0.722) (P < 0.05) indicated the presence of strong phylogeographic structure in these populations, and the network of mtDNA haplotypes showed that all haplotypes were divided into two clades (A and B). Haplotype overlap was observed among several D. moniliforme population groups in mainland China, suggesting the occurrence of ongoing and/or historical gene flow among them. No common haplotypes were shared by D. moniliforme populations from mainland China and the CKJ Islands (representing Taiwan [China], South Korea, and Japan collectively), pointing to their allopatric evolution in the two regions. Moreover, mismatch distribution analysis and neutral test of mtDNA data rejected the population expansion model. According to the mtDNA-based results, we infer that multiple refugia for D. moniliforme existed in the SJFR of East Asia during the Quaternary glacial period.

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Acknowledgements

We are grateful to Ms. Chun Gu for revising the manuscript, Dr. Joongku Lee and Dr. Kamezo Saito for providing samples from South Korea and Japan, respectively. This work was financed by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 31170300) and also by the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions. This work was also supported by the Stable Talent Fundation of Anhui Science and Technology University (No. 830130).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu, China

    Meirong Ye, Wei Liu, Qingyun Xue, Wenjin Yan, Beiwei Hou & Xiaoyu Ding

  2. College of Life Sciences, Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang, 233100, Anhui, China

    Meirong Ye

  3. Nanjing Institute for Comprehensive Utilization of Wild Plants, No. 4, Jiangwangmiao Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China

    Beiwei Hou

  4. College of Physical Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, No. 1, Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China

    Jing Luo

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  1. Meirong Ye
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  2. Wei Liu
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  3. Qingyun Xue
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Correspondence to Xiaoyu Ding.

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Communicated by Daniel Sanchez Mata.

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Ye, M., Liu, W., Xue, Q. et al. Phylogeography of endangered Dendrobium moniliforme in East Asia based on mitochondrial DNA sequence variations. Biodivers Conserv 26, 1659–1674 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10531-017-1324-x

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