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Metabolic profiling of mussel larvae: effect of handling and culture conditions

  • European Aquaculture Development since 1993
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Abstract

Gas chromatography mass spectroscopy was applied to characterize the metabolic profiles of hatchery-reared mussel (Perna canaliculus) larvae before and after a prolonged handling and water exchange process, and to investigate the effect of culture conditions. A decrease in succinate and an increase in alanine were observed after the water exchange, which indicated alterations in energy production and osmotic balance. However, these variations were subtle and it is unlikely that the water exchange practice had any lasting negative effects on larval physiology and performance. Multivariate pattern recognition tools (hierarchical clustering, principal component analysis and projection to latent squares discriminant analysis) were used to assess metabolite variations in larvae reared in low-density static and high-density flow through systems and to construct a culture condition classification model. Twelve metabolites contributed most towards the model, which indicated differences in energy, protein and lipid metabolism. The clear group separations were not represented by observable variations in morphological traits. This suggests that growth performance is metabolically buffered through an adaptive physiological mechanism to provide similar developmental characteristics under these conditions.

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Acknowledgments

We are thankful to Rodney Roberts, Dan McCall, Nicola Hawes, Sarah Cumming and Shellfish Production and Technology New Zealand Ltd (SPATnz) for assisting with larval production, and to Margarita Markovskaya for assistance with the sample processing at the Metabolomics Laboratory, University of Auckland. We also thank Kathy Campbell for editorial corrections that improved this manuscript. This project was partially funded by a Faculty Research Grant to A. C. Alfaro. We are grateful for the fruitful discussions with the Aquaculture Biotechnology Group, which improved the manuscript.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute for Applied Ecology, School of Applied Sciences, Faculty of Health and Environmental Sciences, Auckland University of Technology, Private Bag 92006, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand

    Tim Young & Andrea C. Alfaro

  2. Centre for Microbial Innovation, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand

    Silas G. Villas-Bôas

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  1. Tim Young
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  2. Andrea C. Alfaro
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  3. Silas G. Villas-Bôas
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Correspondence to Andrea C. Alfaro.

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Guest editors: Elena Mente and Aad Smaal/European Aquaculture Development since 1993: The benefits of aquaculture to Europe and the perspectives of European aquaculture production.

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Young, T., Alfaro, A.C. & Villas-Bôas, S.G. Metabolic profiling of mussel larvae: effect of handling and culture conditions. Aquacult Int 24, 843–856 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10499-015-9945-0

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