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Effect of dietary supplementation of Bacillus subtilis on haematological and immunological parameters of Catla catla (Hamilton)

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Abstract

Effect of dietary supplementation of a Gram-positive, aerobic, probiotic bacterium Bacillus subtilis on the immunohaematological indices during pre- and post-challenge in Indian major carp, catla (Catla catla), was studied. The B. subtilis was administered orally at four different doses 1.0 × 106 (T1), 1.0 × 107 (T2), 1.0 × 108 (T3), and 1.0 × 109 (T4) cfu g−1 feed to C. catla for 90 days. The positive control (Cp) and negative control (Cn) were fed with feed without B. subtilis for the same period. On the 60th day, blood and serum were sampled to determine various haematological and serum parameters. Fish were challenged intraperitoneally with Aeromonas hydrophila after 60 days in all the treatment groups and Cp, while the Cn was challenged with phosphate-buffered saline (PBS, pH 7.2) only. Dietary supplementation of B. subtilis leads to the rise of various immunological and haematological parameters in catla during the pre- and post-challenge. During pre-challenge, the highest TEC (1.30 ± 0.02 × 106 cells mm−3), haemoglobin (7.43 ± 0.25 g %), total serum protein (3.89 ± 0.08 g dL−1), and serum lysozyme activity (8.39 ± 0.01 µg ml−1) were recorded in fishes fed feed containing B. subtilis at 1 × 109 cfu/g feed (T4). The highest survival percentage (86.33 %) was also observed in T4 group. The significantly increased survival percentage (P < 0.05) of B. subtilis-treated groups in comparison with control group (Cp) suggests that dietary supplementation of this probiotic bacterium can protect catla from A. hydrophila infection by enhancing innate immunity.

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Acknowledgments

The authors are grateful to the University Grant Commission, New Delhi, for awarding the first author with CSIR-UGC Junior Research Fellowship and Director, and to Central Institute of Fisheries Education, Mumbai, for providing the facilities to carry out the research work.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Aquatic Animal Health Management Division, Central Institute of Fisheries Education (CIFE), Mumbai, 400 061, India

    Rajesh Kumar, Subhas C. Mukherjee, Ritesh Ranjan, Rajeev K. Brahmachari & Sukanta K. Nayak

  2. Inland Aquaculture Division, CIFE, Mumbai, 400 061, India

    T. Vani

  3. Aquaculture Production and Environment Division, Central Institute of Freshwater Aquaculture, Bhubaneswar, 751 002, Odisha, India

    Rajesh Kumar

  4. Mariculture Division, VRC of CMFRI, Visakhapatnam, 530 003, Andhra Pradesh, India

    Ritesh Ranjan

  5. Department of Fish Microbiology, College of Fisheries, Dholi, Muzaffarpur, 843 121, Bihar, India

    Rajeev K. Brahmachari

  6. Department of Biotechnology, North Orissa University, Baripada, Odisha, India

    Sukanta K. Nayak

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  1. Rajesh Kumar
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Correspondence to Rajesh Kumar.

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Kumar, R., Mukherjee, S.C., Ranjan, R. et al. Effect of dietary supplementation of Bacillus subtilis on haematological and immunological parameters of Catla catla (Hamilton). Aquacult Int 23, 1275–1292 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10499-015-9883-x

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