Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Partial or complete substitution of fish meal with soybean meal and cottonseed meal in Chinese mitten crab Eriocheir sinensis diets

  • Published:
Aquaculture International Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The practical level of fish meal replacement by plant proteins in aquaculture feed varies greatly among species. This study investigated partial or complete replacement of fish meal (FM) by cottonseed and soybean meal (CS) in Chinese mitten crab Eriocheir sinensis. Cottonseed and soybean meals were equally mixed to form five isonitrogenous and isocaloric diets to replace 0 (CS0, control), 21 % (CS21), 43 % (CS43), 64 % (CS64), and 100 % (CS100) of FM. The highest crab growth and feed utilization were observed in the CS21 diet, followed by the CS43 diet. Crab fed CS64 had similar weight gain, specific growth rate, feed conversion ratio, protein efficiency ratio, protein retention and energy retention to those fed the control diet. Dry matter digestibility decreased with increasing dietary CS and was significantly lower in the CS64 and CS100 treatments than in the control. Apparent protein and energy digestibilities of the crab fed CS0, CS21, or CS43 were similar but significantly higher than the crab fed CS64 or CS100. Crab fed CS100 had poorer digestibility of nutrients than those fed other diets. The dry matter of the crab fed CS21 was significantly higher than the crab fed CS100. The protein contents in crabs fed CS21 or CS43 were similar but were higher than those fed other diets. Crab fed CS21 contained higher lipid and gross energy than in other treatments. This study indicates that 64 % of FM can be replaced by CS in crab diet without compromising growth performance and body composition.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

Abbreviations

SBM:

Soybean meal

CSM:

Cottonseed meal

ADC:

Apparent digestibility coefficient

WG:

Weight gain

SGR:

Specific growth rate

FCR:

Feed conversion ratio

PER:

Protein efficiency ratio

PR:

Protein retention

ER:

Energy retention

References

  • Abdel Rahman SH, Abdel Razek FA, Goda AMAS, Ghobashy AF, Taha SM, Khafagy AR (2010) Partial substitution of dietary fish meal with soybean meal for speckled shrimp, Metapenaeus monoceros (Fabricius, 1798) (Decapoda: Penaeidae) juvenile. Aquac Res 41:e299–e306

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Alvarez JS, Hernandez-Llamas A, Galindo J, Fraga I, Garcia T, Villarreal H (2007) Substitution of fish meal with soybean meal in practical diets for juvenile white shrimp Litopenaeus schmitti (Perez-Farfante and Kensley, 1997). Aquac Res 38:689–695

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • AOAC (Association of Official Analytical Chemists) (1995) Official methods of analysis, 16th edn. AOAC, Arlington

    Google Scholar 

  • Barrows FT, Stone DAJ, Hardy RW (2007) The effects of extrusion conditions on the nutritional value of soybean meal for rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Aquaculture 265:244–252

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Brunson JE, Romaire R, Reigh RC (1997) Apparent digestibility of selected ingredients in diets for white shrimp Penaeus setiferus L. Aquac Nutr 3:9–16

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Catacutan MR, Eusebio PS, Teshima S (2003) Apparent digestibility of selected feedstuffs by mud crab, Scylla serrata. Aquaculture 216:253–261

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Chen QW (2009) Study on the utilization of common dietary protein sources in Chinese mitten-handed crab, Eriocheir sinensis. Soochow University, Suzhou, pp 38–44 (in Chinese)

    Google Scholar 

  • Chen LQ, Du NS, Lai W (1994) Evaluation of soybean cake as a substitute for partial fish meal in formulated diets for Chinese mitten-handed crab juvenile. J Fish China 18:24–31 (in Chinese)

    Google Scholar 

  • Cuzon G, Guillaume J, Cahu C (1994) Composition preparation and utilization of feeds for crustacean. Aquaculture 124:253–267

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Du L, Niu CJ (2003) Effects of dietary substitution of soya bean meal for fish meal on consumption, growth, and metabolism of juvenile giant freshwater prawn acrobrachium rosenbergii. Aquac Nutr 9:139–143

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • EI-Saidy DMSD, Gaber MMA (2004) Use of cottonseed meal supplement with iron for detoxification of gossypol as a replacement of fish meal in Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus (L.) diets. Aquac Res 35:859–869

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Fernandez RR, Lawrence AL (1988) The nutritional responses of three species of postlarval penaeid shrimp to cottonseed meal. J World Aquac Soc 19:30

    Google Scholar 

  • Furukawa A, Tsukahara H (1966) On the acid digestion method for determination of chromic oxide as index substance in the study of digestibility in fish feed. Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi 32:502–506

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gatlin DM III, Barrows FT, Brown P, Dabrowski K, Gaylord TG, Hardy RW, Herman E, Hu GS, Krogdahl Å, Nelson R, Overturf K, Rust M, Sealey W, Skonberg D, Souza EJ, Stone D, Wilson R, Wurtele E (2007) Expanding the utilization of sustainable plant products in aquafeeds: a review. Aquac Res 38:551–579

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Goytortua-Bores E, Civera-Cerecedo R, Rocha-Meza S, Green-Yee A (2006) Partial replacement of red crab (Pleuroncodes planipes) meal for fish meal in practical diets for the white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei. Effect on growth and in vivo digestibility. Aquaculture 256:414–422

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hansen AC, Rosenlund G, Karlsen Ǿ, Olsvik PA, Hemre GI (2006) The inclusion of plant protein in cod diets, its effects on macronutrient digestibility, gut and liver histology and heat shock protein transcription. Aquac Res 37:773–784

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Herborg LM, Rushton SP, Clare AS, Bentley MG (2005) The invasion of the Chinese mitten crab (Eriocheir sinensis) in the United Kingdom and its comparison to continental Europe. Biol Invasions 7:959–968

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hymanson Z, Wang J, Sasaki T (1999) Lessons from the home of the Chinese mitten crab. IEP Newsl 12:25–32

    Google Scholar 

  • Irvin SJ, Williams KC (2007) Apparent digestibility of selected marine and terrestrial feed ingredients for tropical spiny lobster Panulirus ornatus. Aquaculture 269:456–463

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Jiang HB, Sun LY, Chen LQ, Qin JG, Gao LJ, Li EC, Sun SM, Jiang XQ (2012a) Partial or total replacement of soybean meal by cottonseed meal in practical diets for Chinese mitten crab (Eriocheir sinensis): effects on growth, feed utilization, and body composition. Israeli J Aquac-Bamidgeh 64:754–760

    Google Scholar 

  • Jiang HB, Chen LQ, Li EC, Jiang XQ, Sun SM (2012b) Partial or total replacement of soybean meal by cottonseed meal in practical diets for Chinese mitten crab, Eriocheir sinensis: effects on oxygen consumption, ammonia excretion, O:N ratio and amino transferases activities. Turk J Fish Aquat Sci. doi:10.4194/1303-2712-V12_3_01

    Google Scholar 

  • Kissil GW, Lupatsch I, Higgs DA, Hardy RW (2000) Dietary substitution of soy and rapeseed protein concentrates for fish meal, and their effects on growth and nutrient utilization in gilthead seabream Sparus aurata L. Aquac Res 31:595–601

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Krogdahl Å, Berg-Lea T, Olli JJ (1994) Soybean proteinase inhibitors affect intestinal trypsin activities and amino acid digestibilities in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Comp Biochem Physiol 107A:215–219

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lee KJ, Dabrowski K, Blom JH, Bai SC, Stromberg PC (2001) A mixture of cottonseed meal, soybean meal, and animal by-product mixture as a fish meal substitute: growth and tissue gossypol enantiomer in juvenile rainbow trout. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr 86:201–213

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lee KJ, Rinchard J, Dabrowski K, Babiak I, Ottobre JS, Christensen JE (2006) Long-term effects of dietary cottonseed meal on growth and reproductive performance of rainbow trout: three-year study. Anim Feed Sci Technol 126:93–106

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Leng XJ (2010) Rational utilization of rapeseed meal and cottonseed meal in aquafeeds. Feed Ind A01:32–35 (in Chinese)

    Google Scholar 

  • Li MH, Robinson EH (2006) Use of cottonseed meal in diets of aquatic animals: a review. North Am J Aquac 68:14–22

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lim C (1996) Substitution of cottonseed meal for marine animal protein in diets for Penaeus vannamei. J World Aquac Soc 27:402–409

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lim SJ, Lee KJ (2008) Supplemental iron and phosphorus increase dietary inclusion of cottonseed and soybean meal in olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus). Aquac Nutr 14:423–430

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lim C, Sukhawongs S, Pascual FP (1979) A preliminary study on the protein requirements of Chanos chanos (Forskal) fry in a controlled environment. Aquaculture 17:195–201

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Luo Z, Tan XY, Chen YD, Wang WM, Zhou G (2008) Apparent digestibility coefficients of selected feed ingredients for Chinese mitten crab Eriocheir sinensis. Aquaculture 285:141–145

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Luo Z, Li XD, Wang WM, Tan XY, Liu X (2011) Partial replacement of fish meal by a mixture of soybean meal and rapeseed meal in practical diets for juvenile Chinese mitten crab Eriocheir sinensis: effects on growth performance and in vivo digestibility. Aquac Res 42:1616–1622

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mbahinzireki GB, Dabrowski K, Lee KJ, El-Saidy D, Wisner ER (2001) Growth, feed utilization and body composition of tilapia (Oreochromis sp.) fed with cottonseed meal-based diets in a recirculating system. Aquac Nutr 7:189–200

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Monentcham SE, Kouam J, Chuba D, Wathelet B, Pouomogne V, Kestemont P (2010) Partial substitution of fish meal with soybean and cottonseed meals in diets for African bonytongue, Heterotis niloticus (Cuvier, 1829) fingerlings: effects on growth, feed efficiency and body composition. Aquac Res 41:e385–e392

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Muzinic LA, Thompson KR, Morris A, Webster CD, Rouse DB, Manomaitis L (2004) Partial and total replacement of fish meal with soybean meal and brewer’s grains with yeast in practical diets for Australian red claw crayfish Cherax quadricarinatus. Aquaculture 230:359–376

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pan HQ (2002) Ecological culture of Chinese mitten crab. China Agriculture Science and Technology Press, Beijing, p 221 (in Chinese)

    Google Scholar 

  • Paterson BD (2009) Advances in the culture of crabs. In: Burnell G, Allan G (eds) New technologies in aquaculture: improving production efficiency quality and environmental management. Woodhead Publishing Limited, Cambridge, pp 845–865

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Pham MA, Lee KJ, Lim SJ, Park KH (2007) Evaluation of cottonseed and soybean meal as partial replacement for fishmeal in diets for juvenile Japanese flounder Paralichthys olivaceus. Fish Sci 73:760–769

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Reinitz G (1980) Soybean meal as a substitute for herring meal in practical diets for rainbow trout. Prog Fish-Cult 42:103–106

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Robinson EH, Li MH (2008) Replacement of soybean meal in channel catfish, Ictalurus punctatus, diets with cottonseed meal and distiller’s dried grains with soluble. J World Aquac Soc 39:521–527

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sales J (2009) The effect of fish meal replacement by soyabean products on fish growth: a meta-analysis. Br J Nutr 102:1709–1722

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Shiau SY, Kwok CC, Kwang JY, Chen CM, Lee SL (1989) Replacement of fish meal with soybean meal in male tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus × O. aureus) fingerling diets at a suboptimal protein level. J World Aquac Soc 20:230–235

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Smith LL, Lee PG, Lawrence AL, Strawn K (1985) Growth and digestibility by three sizes of Penaecus vannamei Boone: effects of dietary protein level and protein source. Aquaculture 46:85–96

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Suárez JA, Gaxiola G, Mendoza R, Cadavid S, Garcia G, Alanis G, Suarez A, Faillace J, Cuzon G (2009) Substitution of fish meal with plant protein sources and energy budget for white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei (Boone, 1931). Aquaculture 289:118–123

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sudaryono A, Tsvetnenko E, Evans LH (1999) Evaluation of potential of lupin meal as an alternative to fish meal in juvenile Penaeus monodon diets. Aquac Nutr 5:277–285

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wang SC, Wei YJ, Shen DL (2003) Calcium and phosphorus levels in the muscle, hepatopancreas and carapace of Eriocheir sinensis in different stages of moulting cycle. J Fish China 27:219–224 (in Chinese)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ward LR, Carter CG, Crear BJ, Smith DM (2003) Optimal dietary protein level for juvenile southern rock lobster, Jasus edwardsii, at two lipid levels. Aquaculture 217:483–500

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Yang XH (2009) A new comparative study of Eriocheir sinensis phagostimulant. Dissertation, Soochow University, Suzhou, pp 21–29 (in Chinese)

  • Yang WL, Zhang GH (2005) The current status and sustainable development of Chinese mitten crab farming. Freshw Fish 35:62–64 (in Chinese)

    Google Scholar 

  • Yang QH, Zhou XQ, Zhou QC, Tan BP, Chi SY, Dong XH (2009) Apparent digestibility of selected feed ingredients for white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei, Booone. Aquac Res 41:78–86

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zhang L, Chen LQ, Hong ML, Gao QP, Gu SZ, Li EC, Leng YZ (2007) Apparent digestibility of crude protein and amino acids of 11 feed ingredients for Eriocheir sinensis. J Fish China 31:116–121 (in Chinese)

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

This research was supported by grants from the Special Fund for Agro-scientific Research in the Public Interest (No. 201003020, 201203065), “the twelfth five-year-plan” in national science and technology for rural development in China (2012BAD25B03), Shanghai Committee of Science and Technology, China (10JC1404100), National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 31172422), the National Basic Research Program (973Program, No. 2009CB118702), Shanghai Agriculture Science and Technology Key Grant (No. 2-1, 2009), Shanghai technology system for Chinese mitten-handed crab industry, and partly by the E-Institute of Shanghai Municipal Education Commission (No. E03009)

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Life Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China

    Hai-Bo Jiang, Li-Qiao Chen, Er-Chao Li, Na Yu, Sheng-Ming Sun & Xue-Qin Jiang

  2. College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guizhou, 550025, China

    Hai-Bo Jiang

  3. School of Biological Sciences, Flinders University, GPO Box 2100, Adelaide, SA, 5001, Australia

    Jian-Guang Qin

  4. East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shanghai, 200090, China

    Lu-Jiao Gao

Authors
  1. Hai-Bo Jiang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Li-Qiao Chen
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Jian-Guang Qin
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Lu-Jiao Gao
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Er-Chao Li
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Na Yu
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  7. Sheng-Ming Sun
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  8. Xue-Qin Jiang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Li-Qiao Chen.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Jiang, HB., Chen, LQ., Qin, JG. et al. Partial or complete substitution of fish meal with soybean meal and cottonseed meal in Chinese mitten crab Eriocheir sinensis diets. Aquacult Int 21, 617–628 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10499-012-9594-5

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10499-012-9594-5

Keywords

Search

Navigation