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RETRACTED ARTICLE: Evaluation of the Filtered Noise Turbulent Inflow Generation Method

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This article was retracted on 16 February 2022

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Abstract

Flows around buildings and in urban areas have the ability to exchange mass and momentum through mixing layers. The complex dynamical phenomena arising in mixing layers can be studied using Large Eddy Simulation (LES). As mixing layers depend on the turbulence conditions upstream of the buildings or urban areas, appropriate turbulent inlet conditions have to be provided to a simulation. Due to the high efficiency and level of control, the filtered noise inflow method was selected. The control over the Reynolds stresses as well as nine length scales make this method suitable to replicate conditions measured in experiments. In this paper, a formal method to obtain the filter coefficients is presented. This is achieved by relating the spatial filtering to a Finite Impulse Response (FIR) filter and the temporal filtering to an Autoregressive (AR) model. Three closed-form solutions for the spatial filter coefficients are presented having a Gaussian, double-exponential and exponential correlation function. By means of an LES simulation of a turbulent wall-bounded flow, the input-output behaviour is investigated. It was found that a combination of a Gaussian filter with length scales that increase with increasing wall distance result in the fastest downstream development of the artificial turbulence and the smallest loss of turbulent kinetic energy.

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Abbreviations

ABL:

Atmospheric Boundary Layer

ACF:

Autocorrelation Function

ARMA:

Autoregressive Moving-Average

AR:

Autoregressive

BC:

Boundary Condition

CFD:

Computational Fluid Dynamics

DNS:

Direct Numerical Simulation

FFT:

Fast Fourier Transform

FIR:

Finite Impulse Response

HPC:

High Performance Computing

LES:

Large Eddy Simulation

MA:

Moving-Average

PIV:

Particle Image Velocimetry

PSD:

Power Spectral Density

RANS:

Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes

TKE:

Turbulent Kinetic Energy

TVD:

Total Variation Diminishing

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Acknowledgments

We want to thank for the essential contribution by Marc Immer, who obtained the doctoral degree at ETH Zurich (DISS. ETH NO. 23208). We also thank ETH Zurich for their support by means of the Hartmann Müller-Fonds on grant ETH-32 11-2.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Laboratory for Multiscale Studies in Building Physics, Duebendorf, Switzerland, Empa Duebendorf, Ueberlandstrasse 129, 8600, Duebendorf, Switzerland

    Jonas Allegrini & Jan Carmeliet

  2. ETH, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zuerich, Institute of Technology in Architecture, Chair of Building Physics, Zuerich, Switzerland

    Jonas Allegrini & Jan Carmeliet

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  1. Jonas Allegrini
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  2. Jan Carmeliet
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Allegrini, J., Carmeliet, J. RETRACTED ARTICLE: Evaluation of the Filtered Noise Turbulent Inflow Generation Method. Flow Turbulence Combust 98, 1087–1115 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10494-016-9798-2

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