Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Life cycle of Haemaphysalis doenitzi (Acari: Ixodidae) under laboratory conditions and its phylogeny based on mitochondrial 16S rDNA

  • Published:
Experimental and Applied Acarology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The paper investigated the life cycle of the hard tick Haemaphysalis doenitzi under laboratory conditions and its phylogeny based on mitochondrial 16S rDNA. The results revealed that the complete life cycle of H. doenitzi requires a mean duration of 109.6 days ranging from 91 to 137 days and the average prefeeding, feeding and premoulting periods of larvae, nymphs and females and the eggs hatching period are 18.7, 26.9, 38.9, and 25.1 days, respectively. In addition, the weight of engorged females is highly correlated with the number of egg masses laid (r = 0.936, P < 0.001). The female reproductive efficiency index and reproductive fitness index are 13.4 and 12.8, respectively. The mean weight of the engorged nymphs (2.77 mg) moulting to females is much higher than those (1.68 mg) moulting to males, which could be used as an index to predict sexes in this species. The ratio of male to female is 1:1.01. Moreover, multisequence alignments and phylogenetic tree constructed based on the mitochondrial 16S rDNA sequences suggest that H. doenitzi is genetically close to H. longicornis.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Ahantarig A, Trinachartvanit W, Milne JR (2008) Tick-borne pathogens and diseases of animals and humans in Thailand. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health 39:1015–1032

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ahmed BM, Taha KM EI, Hussein AM (2011) Life cycle of Hyalomma anatolicum Koch, 1844 (Acari: Ixodidae) fed on rabbits, sheep and goats. Vet Parasitol 177:353–358

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Barker SC, Murrell A (2004) Systematics and evolution of ticks with a list of valid genus and species names. Parasitology 129:15–36

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Chen Z, Yu Z, Yang X, Zheng H, Liu J (2009) The life cycle of Hyalomma asiaticum kozlovi Olenev, 1931 (Acari: Ixodidae) under laboratory conditions. Vet Parasitol 160:134–137

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Chen Z, Yang X, Bu F, Yang X, Yang X, Liu J (2010) Ticks (Acari: Ixodoidea: Argasidae, Ixodidae) of China. Exp Appl Acarol 51:393–404

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Chilton NB (1992) An index to assess the reproductive fitness of female ticks. Int J Parasitol 22:109–111

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Dantrakool A, Somboon P, Hashimoto T, Saito-Ito A (2004) Identification of a new type of Babesia species in wild rats (Bandicota indica) in Chiang Mai Province, Thailand. J Clin Microbiol 42:850–854

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Despins JL (1992) Effects of temperature and humidity on ovipositional biology and egg development of the tropical horse tick, Dermacentor (Anocentor) nitens. J Med Entomol 29:332–337

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Doube BM, Kemp DH (1979) Notes on the tick Haemaphysalis (Ornithophysalis) doenitzi Warburton and Nuttall (Acarina: Ixodidae) in Australia. Aust J Entomol 18:169–170

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gladney WJ, Dawkins CC, Price MA (1977) Amblyomma inornatum (Acarina: Ixodidae): natural hosts and laboratory biology. J Med Entomol 14:85–88

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hoogstraal H, Wassef HY (1973) The Haemaphysalis ticks (Ixodoidea: Ixodidae) of birds. 3. H. (Ornithophysalis) subgen. n.: definition, species, hosts, and distribution in the Oriental, Palearctic, Malagasy, and Ethiopian faunal regions. J Parasitol 59:1099–1117

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hu R, Rowley WA (2000) Relationship between weights of the engorged nymphal stage and resultant sexes in Ixodes scapularis and Dermacentor variabilis (Acari: Ixodidae) ticks. J Med Entomol 37:198–200

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Jongejan F, Uilenberg G (2004) The global importance of ticks. Parasitology 129:3–14

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Labruna MB, Kasai N, Ferreira F, Faccini JLH, Gennari SM (2002) Seasonal dynamics of ticks (Acari: Ixodidae) on horses in the state of São Paulo, Brazil. Vet Parasitol 105:65–77

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Labruna MB, Pinter A, Teixeira RHF (2004) Life cycle of Amblyomma cooperi (Acari: Ixodidae) using capybaras (Hydrochaeris hydrochaeris) as hosts. Exp Appl Acarol 32:79–88

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Liu J, Liu Z, Zhang Y, Yang X, Gao Z (2005) Biology of Dermacentor silvarum (Acari: Ixodidae) under laboratory conditions. Exp Appl Acarol 36:131–138

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Perret JL, Rais O, Gern L (2004) Influence of climate on the proportion of Ixodes ricinus nymphs and adults questing in a tick population. J Med Entomol 41:361–365

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Robbins RG (2005) The ticks (Acari: Ixodida: Argasidae, Ixodidae) of Taiwan: a synonymic checklist. Proc Entomol Soc Wash 107:245–253

    Google Scholar 

  • Teng KF, Jiang ZJ (eds) (1991) Economic Insect Fauna of China. Fasc 39 Acari: Ixodidae. Science Press, Beijing (in Chinese)

  • Tian Z, Liu G, Xie J, Yin H, Luo J, Zhang L, Zhang P, Luo J (2011) Discrimination between Haemaphysalis longicornis and H. qinghaiensis based on the partial 16S rDNA and the second internal transcribed spacer (ITS-2). Exp Appl Acarol 54:165–172

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Troughton DR, Levin ML (2007) Life cycles of seven ixodid tick species (Acari: Ixodidae) under standardized laboratory conditions. J Med Entomol 44:732–740

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Yano Y, Shiraishi S, Uchida TA (1987) Effects of temperature on development and growth in the tick, Haemaphysalis longicornis. Exp Appl Acarol 3:73–78

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Yeruham I, Hadani A, Galker F (2000) The life cycle of Rhipicephalus bursa Canestrini and Fanzago, 1877 (Acarina: Ixodidae) under laboratory conditions. Vet Parasitol 89:109–116

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Yu Z, Zheng H, Chen Z, Zheng B, Ma H, Liu J (2010) The life cycle and biological characteristics of Dermacentor silvarum Olenev (Acari: Ixodidae) under field conditions. Vet Parasitol 168:323–328

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Zhang J, Chen Z, Liu J, Yang X (2006) Study on oviposition and egg development of three species of hard ticks (Acari: Ixodidae) under laboratory conditions. Chin J Pest Control 22:864–867 (in Chinese with English abstract)

    Google Scholar 

  • Zheng H, Yu Z, Chen Z, Zhou L, Zheng B, Ma H, Liu J (2011) Development and biological characteristics of Haemaphysalis longicornis (Acari: Ixodidae) under field conditions. Exp Appl Acarol 53:377–388

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

This project was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (30970406) and the Key Basic Research Project of Hebei Province (11965516D). The authors are very grateful to Jiagang Sun (Director of Animal Husbandry and Food Bureau of Cangxi County, Sichuan, China) for the help in tick collection.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of Hebei Province, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, 050016, China

    Xuejie Chen, Zhijun Yu, Lida Guo, Lingxia Li, Hao Meng, Duo Wang, Renjie Liu & Jingze Liu

  2. Department of Environment and Chemical Engineering, Hebei College of Industry and Technology, Shijiazhuang, 050091, China

    Lida Guo

Authors
  1. Xuejie Chen
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Zhijun Yu
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Lida Guo
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Lingxia Li
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Hao Meng
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Duo Wang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  7. Renjie Liu
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  8. Jingze Liu
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Jingze Liu.

Additional information

Xuejie Chen, Zhijun Yu have contributed equally to this work.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Chen, X., Yu, Z., Guo, L. et al. Life cycle of Haemaphysalis doenitzi (Acari: Ixodidae) under laboratory conditions and its phylogeny based on mitochondrial 16S rDNA. Exp Appl Acarol 56, 143–150 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10493-011-9507-8

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10493-011-9507-8

Keywords

Search

Navigation