Abstract
In this work we introduce two lean temporal index structures to efficiently support snapshot access (i.e., timeslice queries) in a transaction-time database. The two proposed structures, the RABTree and its RAB−Tree variant, are conceptually simple, easy to implement and efficient index solutions. In particular, the RABTree index guarantees optimal performances for transaction-time data which are naturally clustered according to their insertion time without redundancy. A theoretical and experimental evaluation of the two indexes, in comparison with their previously proposed competitors, is also provided.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Etzion, D., Jajodia, S., Sripada, S. (eds.): Temporal Databases - Research and Practice. LNCS, vol. 1399. Springer-Verlag, Berlin (1998)
Jensen, C.S., Snodgrass, R.T.: Temporal database. In: Liu, L., Özsu, M.T. (eds.) Encyclopedia of Database Systems, pp 2957–2960. Springer-Verlag, Berlin (2009)
Grandi, F.: Temporal databases. In: Khosrow-Pour, M. (ed.) Encyclopedia of Information Science and Technology. 3rd edn., pp 1914–1922. Hershey, IGI Global (2014)
Jensen, C.S., Dyreson, C.E., Böhlen, M.H., Clifford, J., Elmasri, R., Gadia, S.K., Grandi, F., Hayes, P., Jajodia, S., Käfer, W., Kline, N., Lorentzos, N., Mitsopoulos, Y., Montanari, A., Nonen, D., Peressi, E., Pernici, B., Roddick, J.F., Sarda, N.L., Scalas, M.R., Segev, A., Snodgrass, R.T., Soo, M.D., Tansel, A., Tiberio, P. , Wiederhold, G.: The consensus glossary of temporal database concepts - February 1998 Version. In: [1], pp. 367–405 (1998)
Clifford, J., Dyreson, C.E., Isakowitz, T., Jensen, C.S., Snodgrass, R.T.: On the semantics of “now” in databases. ACM Trans. Database Syst. 22(2), 171–214 (1997)
Kulkarni, K., Michels, J.-K.: Temporal features in SQL:2011. ACM SIGMOD Rec 41(3), 34–43 (2011)
Salzberg, B., Tsotras, V. J.: Comparison of access methods for time-evolving data. ACM Comput. Surv. 31(2), 158–221 (1999)
Tsotras, V. J., Kangerlaris, N.: The Snapshot Index: An I/O-optimal access method for timeslice queries. Inf. Syst. 20(3), 237–260 (1995)
Lomet, D., Salzberg, B.: The performance of a multiversion access method. In: Proc. 1990 ACM SIGMOD Int. Conf. on Management of Data, pp. 353–363. Atlantic City (1990)
Becker, B., Gschwind, S., Ohler, T., Seeger, B., Widmayer, P.: An asymptotically optimal multiversion B-tree. VLDB J 5(4), 264–275 (1996)
Gunadhi, H., Segev, A: Efficient indexing methods for temporal relations. IEEE Trans. Knowl. Data Eng. 5(3), 496–509 (1993)
Elmasri, R., Wuu, G. T. J., Kim, Y.-J.: The time index: An access structure for temporal data. In: Proc. 16th Int. Conf. on Very Large Data Bases, pp. 1–12. Brisbane (1990)
Tsotras, V. J., Gopinath, B., Hart, G.W.: Efficient management of time-evolving databases. IEEE Trans. Knowl. Data Eng. 7(4), 591–608 (1995)
Grandi, F.: Lean index structures for snapshot access in transaction-time databases. In: Proc. 21st Int. Symposium on Temporal Representation and Reasoning, pp. 91–100. Verona (2014)
Comer, D.: The ubiquitous B-Tree. ACM Comput. Surv. 11(2), 123–137 (1979)
Elmasri, R., Navathe, S.B.: Fundamentals of Database Systems, 6th edn., pp 652–660. Addison-Wesley, Boston (2011)
Amadesi, L., Grandi, F.: An adaptive split policy for the Time-Split B-Tree. Data Knowl. Eng. 29(1), 1–15 (1999)
Elmasri, R., Wuu, G. T., Kouramajian, V.: The time index and the monotonic B+-Tree . In: Tansel, A. U., Clifford, J., Gadia, S. K., Segev, A., Snodgrass, R. T. (eds.) Temporal Databases: Theory, Design, and Implementation, pp 433–456. Benjamin/Cummings, San Francisco (1993)
Elmasri, R., Kim, Y.-J., Wuu, G. T. J.: Efficient implementation techniques for the time index. In: Proc. 7th Int. Conf. on Data Engineering, pp. 102–111. Kobe (1991)
Kouramajian, V., Kamel, I., Elmasri, R., Waheed, S.: “The time index+: An incremental access structure for temporal databases. In: Proc. 3rd Int. Conf. on Information and Knowledge Management, pp. 296–303. Gaithersburg (1994)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
An erratum to this article is available at http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10472-016-9514-x.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Grandi, F. The RABTree and RAB−Tree: lean index structures for snapshot access in transaction-time databases. Ann Math Artif Intell 80, 219–245 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10472-016-9509-7
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10472-016-9509-7