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Antiretroviral Therapy Use, Medication Adherence, and Viral Suppression Among PLWHA with Panic Symptoms

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Abstract

Panic symptoms are prevalent among PLWHAs, yet few studies have examined their relationship with HIV outcomes. Using data from an observational cohort study in Baltimore, MD, we examined the association between panic symptoms and antiretroviral therapy (ART) use, medication adherence, and viral suppression. Data were analyzed using generalized estimating equations and adjusted for age, sex, race/ethnicity, cocaine and/or heroin use, clinic enrollment time, alcohol use, and depressive symptoms. Between June 2010 and September 2012, 1195 individuals participated in 2080 audio computer assisted interviews; 9.9 % (n = 118) of individuals endorsed current panic symptoms. In multivariate analysis, panic symptoms were associated with decreased ART use (IRR 0.94; p = 0.05). Panic symptoms were neither associated with medication adherence nor viral suppression. These findings were independent of depressive symptoms and substance use. Panic symptoms are under-recognized in primary care settings and present an important barrier to ART use. Further studies investigating the reasons for this association are needed.

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Acknowledgments

This research was supported by the National Heart, Blood, and Lung Institute Training Grant (5T32-HL-007180 to Sam), the National Institute of Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (R01 AA16893 to Moore and Chander; R01 AA14500 to McCaul; U24AA020801 to Chander, Hutton, McCaul, Lau, and Moore; U01AA0120793 to Chander and Hutton), the National Institute of Drug Abuse (R01 DA11602 to Moore, Chander, and Lau), and the Johns Hopkins Center for AIDS Research (P30 AI094189 to Moore).

Conflicts of interest

The authors declare that they do not have any conflicts of interest.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Medicine, The Brooklyn Hospital Center, 121 Dekalb Avenue, Maynard Building, Suite 14D, Brooklyn, NY, 11201, USA

    Tanyka Suzanne Sam

  2. Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA

    Heidi E. Hutton & Mary E. McCaul

  3. Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA

    Bryan Lau & Richard Moore

  4. Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA

    Jeanne Keruly, Richard Moore & Geetanjali Chander

Authors
  1. Tanyka Suzanne Sam
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  2. Heidi E. Hutton
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  3. Bryan Lau
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  4. Mary E. McCaul
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  6. Richard Moore
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  7. Geetanjali Chander
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Correspondence to Tanyka Suzanne Sam.

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Sam, T.S., Hutton, H.E., Lau, B. et al. Antiretroviral Therapy Use, Medication Adherence, and Viral Suppression Among PLWHA with Panic Symptoms. AIDS Behav 19, 2049–2056 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10461-015-1064-4

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