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Sheep vegetation management for controlling competing vegetation in young conifer plantations in the central interior of British Columbia, Canada

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Abstract

In British Columbia, sheep vegetation management (SVM) is a relatively new technique; thus, limited data are available for examining its benefits on conifer growth. We collected field data from young mixed-conifer plantations of lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta) and hybrid spruce (Picea glauca × P. engelmannii) in blocks which had been grazed in 2005 and 2006 as well as from ungrazed blocks. Our main objective was to determine if sheep grazing had a significant effect on the growth of hybrid spruce. We measured stem diameter at 15 cm height above the root collar (D15) and cumulative internodal length (IL). Cumulative IL was calculated from the node corresponding to the year 2002–2010 (positions 2–10). The height to diameter ratio (height to the base of the leader (position 10)/D15; HDR) was calculated to determine if seedlings prioritized growth in terms of height or diameter. There was no significant grazing treatment effect on D15 and HDR when compared to the control treatment; however IL was significantly affected after the second grazing treatment in 2006 (position 6) and became increasingly important with time (positions 7–10). Based on our results, we suggest that SVM could be an effective method for controlling competing vegetation and thus, increase annual tree growth for areas with similar site characteristics as those found within the plantations sampled.

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Acknowledgments

This work was funded through the Fort St. James Field Team of BC Timber Sales, Stuart-Nechako Business Area, which is part of the provincial Ministry of Forests, Lands and Natural Resource Operations, and by the University of Northern British Columbia (UNBC) and NSERC Discovery Grant to D.P. Khasa (Université Laval). The authors wish to thank all the members of the Fort St. James Field Team of the BC Timber Sales, Stuart-Nechako Business Area, especially Susan Salokannel for assistance. We also want to thank Dayle Ostapiuk (student at UNBC) for field work assistance, Hélène Crépeau (Université Laval) for statistical assistance, William F.J. Parsons (Université de Sherbrooke) for English editing and Derek F. Sattler (University of Alberta) for crucial recommendations.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Centre d’étude de la forêt (CEF) and Département des Sciences du bois et de la forêt, Faculté de foresterie, de géographie et de géomatique, Université Laval, Pavillon Abitibi-Price, 2405, Rue de la Terrasse, Quebec, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada

    R. Serra & D. P. Khasa

  2. Ecosystem Science and Management Program, University of Northern British Columbia, 3333 University Way, Prince George, BC, V2N 4Z9, Canada

    C. Opio

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  1. R. Serra
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  2. C. Opio
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  3. D. P. Khasa
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Correspondence to R. Serra.

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Serra, R., Opio, C. & Khasa, D.P. Sheep vegetation management for controlling competing vegetation in young conifer plantations in the central interior of British Columbia, Canada. Agroforest Syst 88, 569–578 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10457-014-9701-x

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