Abstract
Deposition of particles in the aerodynamic diameter range of 0.5–6.7 μm was measured in nine replicas of the extrathoracic airways of adults with four sinusoidal patterns and oral breathing. The four chosen breathing patterns are typical of those occurring during natural resting breathing and during nebulization therapy. Additionally, deposition of micrometer-sized particles in the “Alberta Idealized Adult Throat,” which was previously found useful in simulating the average deposition of particles during inhalation of constant flow rates, was measured during inhalation of the four sinusoidal patterns in this study. To reduce intersubject scatter in developing predictive correlations, the non-dimensional Reynolds (Re) and Stokes (Stk) numbers are used with the square root of the average cross sectional area of the oral airways as the characteristic diameter being found to reduce intersubject variability to the highest extent. Our best fit to the deposition data is given by \( \eta = [1 - 1/\left( {1.51 \times 10^{5} (Stk^{ 3. 0 3} \text{Re}^{ 0. 2 5} ) + 1} \right)] \times 100 \). Moreover, the “Alberta Idealized Adult Throat” is found to mimic average deposition, given in past in vivo studies, in the upper airways of adults during natural tidal breathing.
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The technical support of PET/CT center at the Stollery Children’s Hospital and Institute for Reconstructive Sciences in Medicine (iRSM) in imaging and rapid prototyping is gratefully acknowledged. This work was supported by grants and scholarships from Alberta Advanced Education and Technology, the Canada Foundation for Innovation, the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada, and the University of Alberta.
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Associate Editor Merryn Tawhai oversaw the review of this article.
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Golshahi, L., Noga, M.L., Vehring, R. et al. An In vitro Study on the Deposition of Micrometer-Sized Particles in the Extrathoracic Airways of Adults During Tidal Oral Breathing. Ann Biomed Eng 41, 979–989 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10439-013-0747-0
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10439-013-0747-0