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Pneumologische Rehabilitation bei Non-COPD

Pulmonary rehabilitation in patients with non-COPD

  • Leitthema
  • Published:
Der Pneumologe Aims and scope

Zusammenfassung

In dem gemeinsamen Positionspapier der American Thoracic Society und der European Respiratory Society (ATS/ERS) aus dem Jahr 2013 werden verschiedene Non-COPD-Erkrankungen als mögliche Indikationen für eine pneumologische Rehabilitation (PR) aufgeführt. Die Datenlage zur Evidenz für PR bei Non-COPD-Erkrankungen ist zwar zunehmend, im Vergleich zur COPD bisher jedoch verhältnismäßig gering. Dennoch gibt es einige Studien, in denen die Effektivität von PR-Programmen bei Indikationen wie Asthma bronchiale, interstitiellen Lungenerkrankungen, Non-CF-Bronchiektasen, Mukoviszidose oder pulmonal arterieller Hypertonie untersucht wurden. Hierbei konnten Verbesserungen sowohl in Bereichen der körperlichen Leistungsfähigkeit als auch der Lebensqualität gezeigt werden. Auch wenn relevante, krankheitsspezifische Komponenten der PR-Programme für Patienten mit Non-COPD-Erkrankungen bislang noch nicht abschließend geklärt sind, scheinen vor allem die körperliche Trainingstherapie und beim Asthma bronchiale zudem die Patientenschulung und die Atemphysiotherapie eine zentrale Rolle einzunehmen. Darüber hinaus ist eine multimodale Rehabilitation der geeignete Ort, um Diagnostik, medikamentöse Therapie, krankheitsspezifische Schulung, Atemphysiotherapie sowie körperliches Training und Aktivität zu initiieren bzw. zu optimieren.

Abstract

The recently published statement on pulmonary rehabilitation by the American Thoracic Society and the European Respiratory Society (ATS-ERS) recommends that patients with non-chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (non-COPD) lung diseases should be included in pulmonary rehabilitation programs. Although evidence for pulmonary rehabilitation in patients with non-COPD is scarce there are some studies that consistently showed that pulmonary rehabilitation is able to improve exercise capacity and health-related quality of life in diseases, such as interstitial lung disease, non-cystic fibrosis (CF) bronchiectasis, CF and pulmonary arterial hypertension. Exercise training seems to be one of the major relevant components of pulmonary rehabilitation. Further research is needed to investigate how traditional pulmonary rehabilitation programs should be adapted to the needs of subjects with non-COPD lung diseases and whether pulmonary rehabilitation can impact long-term outcomes or the clinical course of the disease. Furthermore, pulmonary rehabilitation might be an ideal opportunity to initiate or optimize diagnostics, drug treatment, education, chest physiotherapy and exercise training as physical activity in patients suffering from non-COPD lung disease.

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Einhaltung ethischer Richtlinien

Interessenskonflikt. E. Grünig, N. Ehlken, K. Schulz, und R. Glöckl geben an, dass kein Interessenkonflikt besteht.

Dieser Beitrag beinhaltet keine Studien an Menschen oder Tieren.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Zentrum für pulmonale Hypertonie, Thoraxklinik am Universitätsklinikum Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Deutschland

    E. Grünig & N. Ehlken

  2. Fachabteilung Pneumologie, Schön Klinik Berchtesgadener Land, Malterhöh 1, 83471, Schönau am Königssee, Deutschland

    R. Glöckl

  3. Zentrum für Rehabilitation, Pneumologie und Orthopädie, Klinik Bad Reichenhall, Bad Reichenhall, Deutschland

    K. Schultz

Authors
  1. E. Grünig
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  2. N. Ehlken
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  3. K. Schultz
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  4. R. Glöckl
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Correspondence to R. Glöckl.

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Grünig, E., Ehlken, N., Schultz, K. et al. Pneumologische Rehabilitation bei Non-COPD. Pneumologe 12, 203–210 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10405-014-0845-1

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