Skip to main content

Advertisement

SpringerLink
Log in

Macular thickness measured by spectral-domain optical coherence tomography in healthy Thai eyes

  • Clinical Investigation
  • Published:
Japanese Journal of Ophthalmology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Purpose

To describe the macular thickness measured by spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) in healthy eyes of Thai people.

Design

Prospective cross-sectional study.

Methods

Three hundred sixty-eight healthy participants underwent a comprehensive ophthalmic examination, including Spectralis SD-OCT scanning, at Chiang Mai University Hospital. The images were obtained over maculae, using a high-speed volumetric raster scan pattern with lines 240 μm apart. Information was collected from both eyes of each person, with only the right one being used unless it was found to be ineligible (in which case the left eye was studied). A mean retinal thickness was calculated based on nine areas that corresponded to the Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study by OCT mapping software. The relationships between retinal thickness and sex, age, axial length, and spherical equivalence were analyzed.

Results

The mean age of the subjects was 49.17 ± 17.24 years. The mean central retinal thickness was 259.18 ± 19.08 μm, the mean foveal volume was 0.20 ± 0.02, and the mean total macular volume was 8.59 ± 0.37 mm3. Central subfield (CSF) thickness and foveal volume were significantly greater in men than in women (both P < 0.001). When analyzed for six age groups by ANOVA, the CSF thickness showed no significant difference among the groups, with a P value of 0.280, and foveal volume showed no significant difference among the six groups, with a P value of 0.341. After age adjustment, axial length was correlated positively with the CSF thickness (P < 0.001, Pearson correlation).

Conclusions

The normal macular thickness in Thais is thinner than those reported for other populations when measured using the Spectralis SD-OCT. Male gender and axial length were correlated positively with CSF thickness.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Tsai DC, Huang N, Hwu JJ, Jueng RN, Chou P. Estimating retinal nerve fiber layer thickness in normal schoolchildren with spectral-domain optical coherence tomography. Jpn J Ophthalmol. 2012. doi:10.1007/s10384-012-0142-7.

    Google Scholar 

  2. Agawa T, Miura M, Ikuno Y, Makita S, Fabritius T, Iwasaki T, et al. Choroidal thickness measurement in healthy Japanese subjects by three-dimensional high-penetration optical coherence tomography. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol. 2011;249:1485–92.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  3. Chan A, Duker JS, Ko TH, Fujimoto JG, Schuman JS. Normal macular thickness measurements in healthy eyes using Stratus optical coherence tomography. Arch Ophthalmol. 2006;124:193–8.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  4. Kanamori A, Nakamura M, Tabuchi K, Yamada Y, Negi A. Effects of ocular rotation on parapapillary retinal nerve fiber layer thickness analysis measured with spectral-domain optical coherence tomography. Jpn J Ophthalmol. 2012. doi:10.1007/s10384-012-0143-6.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Srinivasan VJ, Wojtkowski M, Witkin AJ, Duker JS, Ko TH, Carvalho M, et al. High-definition and 3-dimensional imaging of macular pathologies with high-speed ultrahigh-resolution optical coherence tomography. Ophthalmology. 2006;113:2054–65.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  6. Sakamoto A, Hangai M, Yoshimura N. Spectral-domain optical coherence tomography with multiple B-scan averaging for enhanced imaging of retinal diseases. Ophthalmology. 2008;115:1071–8.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  7. Menke MN, Dabov S, Knecht P, Sturm V. Reproducibility of retinal thickness measurements in healthy subjects using spectralis optical coherence tomography. Am J Ophthalmol. 2009;147:467–72.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. Krzystolik MG, Strauber SF, Aiello LP, Beck RW, Berger BB, Bressler NM, et al. Reproducibility of macular thickness and volume using Zeiss optical coherence tomography in patients with diabetic macular edema. Ophthalmology. 2007;114:1520–5.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  9. Lammer J, Scholda C, Prünte C, Benesch T, Schmidt-Erfurth U, Bolz M. Retinal thickness and volume measurements in diabetic macular edema: a comparison of four optical coherence tomography systems. Retina. 2011;31:48–55.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  10. Forooghian F, Cukras C, Meyerle CB, Chew EY, Wong WT. Evaluation of time domain and spectral domain optical coherence tomography in the measurement of diabetic macular edema. Investig Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2008;49:4290–6.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Wolf-Schnurrbusch UE, Ceklic L, Brinkmann CK, Iliev ME, Frey M, Rothenbuehler SP, et al. Macular thickness measurements in healthy eyes using six different optical coherence tomography instruments. Investig Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2009;50:3432–7.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Pierro L, Giatsidis SM, Mantovani E, Gagliardi M. Macular thickness interoperator and intraoperator reproducibility in healthy eyes using 7 optical coherence tomography instruments. Am J Ophthalmol. 2010;150:199–204.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  13. Grover S, Murthy RK, Brar VS, Chalam KV. Normative data for macular thickness by high-definition spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (Spectralis). Am J Ophthalmol. 2009;148:266–71.

    Google Scholar 

  14. Loduca AL, Zhang C, Zelkha R, Shahidi M. Thickness mapping of retinal layers by spectral-domain optical coherence tomography. Am J Ophthalmol. 2010;150:849–55.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  15. Giani A, Cigada M, Choudhry N, Deiro AP, Oldani M, Pellegrini M, et al. Reproducibility of retinal thickness measurements on normal and pathologic eyes by different optical coherence tomography instruments. Am J Ophthalmol. 2010;150:815–24.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  16. Asefzadeh B, Cavallerano AA, Fisch BM. Racial differences in macular thickness in healthy eyes. Optom Vis Sci. 2007;84:941–5.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  17. Duan XR, Liang YB, Friedman DS, Sun LP, Wong TY, Tao QS, et al. Normal macular thickness measurements using optical coherence tomography in healthy eyes of adult Chinese persons: the Handan Eye Study. Ophthalmology. 2010;117:1585–94.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  18. Manassakorn A, Chaidaroon W, Ausayakhun S, Aupapong S, Wattananikorn S. Normative database of retinal nerve fiber layer and macular retinal thickness in a Thai population. Jpn J Ophthalmol. 2008;52:450–6.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  19. Kelty PJ, Payne JF, Trivedi RH, Kelty J, Bowie EM, Burger BM. Macular thickness assessment in healthy eyes based on ethnicity using Stratus OCT optical coherence tomography. Investig Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2008;49:2668–72.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Oshitari T, Hanawa K, Adachi-Usami E. Changes of macular and RNFL thicknesses measured by Stratus OCT in patients with early stage diabetes. Eye (London). 2009;23:884–9.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. Hagen S, Krebs I, Haas P, Glittenberg C, Falkner-Radler CI, Graf A, et al. Reproducibility and comparison of retinal thickness and volume measurements in normal eyes determined with two different Cirrus OCT scanning protocols. Retina. 2011;31:41–7.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  22. Wong AC, Chan CW, Hui SP. Relationship of gender, body mass index, and axial length with central retinal thickness using optical coherence tomography. Eye (London). 2005;19:292–7.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. Ooto S, Hangai M, Sakamoto A, Tomidokoro A, Araie M, Otani T, et al. Three-dimensional profile of macular retinal thickness in normal Japanese eyes. Investig Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2010;51:465–73.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  24. Song WK, Lee SC, Lee ES, Kim CY, Kim SS. Macular thickness variations with sex, age, and axial length in healthy subjects: a spectral domain-optical coherence tomography study. Investig Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2010;51:3913–8.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  25. Turk A, Ceylan OM, Arici C, Keskin S, Erdurman C, Durukan AH, et al. Evaluation of the nerve fiber layer and macula in the eyes of healthy children using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography. Am J Ophthalmol. 2012;153:552–9.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  26. Neuville JM, Bronson-Castain K, Bearse MA, Ng JS, Harrison WW, Schneck ME, et al. OCT reveals regional differences in macular thickness with age. Optom Vis Sci. 2009;86:810–6.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  27. Sung KR, Wollstein G, Bilonick RA, Townsend KA, Ishikawa H, Kagemann L, et al. Effects of age on optical coherence tomography measurements of healthy retinal nerve fiber layer, macula, and optic nerve head. Ophthalmology. 2009;116:1119–24.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  28. Sato A, Fukui E, Ohta K. Retinal thickness of myopic eyes determined by spectralis optical coherence tomography. Br J Ophthalmol. 2010;94:1624–8.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

This work was supported by the Faculty of Medicine Research Fund, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand. The authors would like to thank Rochana Phuackchantuck—statistician at the Department of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Thailand—for her helpful contribution to the data analysis.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, 110 Intawaroros Road, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand

    Janejit Choovuthayakorn, Nawat Watanachai, Voraporn Chaikitmongkol, Direk Patikulsila, Paradee Kunavisarut & Nimitr Ittipunkul

Authors
  1. Janejit Choovuthayakorn
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Nawat Watanachai
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Voraporn Chaikitmongkol
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Direk Patikulsila
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Paradee Kunavisarut
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Nimitr Ittipunkul
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Janejit Choovuthayakorn.

About this article

Cite this article

Choovuthayakorn, J., Watanachai, N., Chaikitmongkol, V. et al. Macular thickness measured by spectral-domain optical coherence tomography in healthy Thai eyes. Jpn J Ophthalmol 56, 569–576 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10384-012-0192-x

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10384-012-0192-x

Keywords

Search

Navigation