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Bryozoans, corals, and microfacies of Lower Eifelian (Middle Devonian) limestones at Kierspe, Germany

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Abstract

The Lower Eifelian Meinerzhagener Korallenkalk (= upper Cultrijugatus Beds) at Kierspe, Sauerland, contains a rich reefal fauna. Eight bryozoan species are described, two of them are new: the cystoporate Fistuliporella kierspensis n. sp. and the trepostome Leptotrypella sophiae n. sp. The bryozoans from the Meinerzhagener Korallenkalk shows distinct similarities to the Lower–Middle Devonian of Spain (Santa Lucía Formation, Emsian–Eifelian), and to the Middle Devonian (Eifelian) of Transcaucasia. The coral fauna comprises five tabulate corals and one rugose coral that document a paleobiogeographic relationship between Central and Eastern Europe and Central Asia. The associated fauna is represented by brachiopods, ostracods, and echinoderms. The studied limestones also commonly contain calcimicrobes represented by three species. The faunal and microfacial characteristics indicate a shallow marine depositional environment just above the storm wave base, with a supposed depth of 20 m, within the photic zone. The nutrient regime was at least a mesotrophic. The upper boundary of the Cultrijugatus Beds coincides with the Choteč-Event that strongly affected brachiopods, whereas corals and bryozoans were insensitive to this event.

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Acknowledgments

The authors are grateful to Wolfgang Reimers, Kiel, Prof. Dr. Sergio Rodríguez, Madrid, and Isabel Díaz, Madrid, for their help in the preparation of thin-sections used in this study. Caroline Buttler, Cardiff, and an anonymous reviewer are thanked for their reviews of the manuscript. Mark Wilson, Wooster, and Patrick Wyse Jackson, Dublin, are thanked for valuable comments to the manuscript. The present study was completed during project ER 278/4-1 and 2 supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG). This paper is a contribution to UNESCO/IUGS IGCP Project 596 (Climate Change and biodiversity patterns in the Mid Palaeozoic).

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  1. Institut für Geowissenschaften der Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Ludewig-Meyn-Str. 10, 24118, Kiel, Germany

    Andrej Ernst

  2. C/Canada 69, 5 B, 28850, Torrejón de Ardoz, Madrid, Spain

    Andreas May

  3. Dauvemühle 49, 48159, Münster, Germany

    Stephan Marks

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Ernst, A., May, A. & Marks, S. Bryozoans, corals, and microfacies of Lower Eifelian (Middle Devonian) limestones at Kierspe, Germany. Facies 58, 727–758 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10347-011-0289-6

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