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In vitro-Untersuchung einer möglichen fungistatischen Wirkung des Sekrets der Weinbergschnecke (Helix pomatia, Helix aspersa) auf Botrytis cinerea

In vitro study of a possible fungistatic effect of the body surface mucus from garden snail (Helix pomatia, Helix aspersa) on plant pathogen Botrytis cinerea

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Zusammenfassung

Zur Bekämpfung des Grauschimmels Botrytis cinerea werden im Weinbau kulturtechnische Maßnahmen ergriffen und spezielle Botrytizide eingesetzt. Derartige Fungizide sind im ökologischen Weinbau nicht zugelassen. Das Auftreten von spezifischen und multi-drug-resistenten-Botrytisstämmen (MDR) unterstreicht die Relevanz, alternative Behandlungssysteme zu erforschen. Die Beobachtung eines Winzers in einem deutschen Weinberg deutete darauf hin, dass Schneckensekret möglicherweise fungistatische Eigenschaften besitzt. Daher wurde in vitro Weinbergschneckensekret, ein Lektin (Helix aspersa Agglutinin, HAA) der Weinbergschnecke sowie Bakterienisolate aus dem Schneckensekret auf ihre Wirkung gegen B. cinerea getestet. Zur Identifizierung einer spezifischen Bindungsstelle auf der Botrytis-Zellwand (N-Acetyl-Galactosamin; GalNAc), wurde Fluoresceinisothiocyanat (FITC) markiertes Helix-Lektin (Helix pomatia Agglutinin, HPA) eingesetzt. Ein Agardiffusionstest und ein in-vitro-Keimungstest konnten keine fungistatische Wirkung des Sekrets, des Helix-Lektins oder der Bakterienisolate feststellen. Die Lektin-histochemische Untersuchung zeigte, je nach Nährmedium und Alter des Pilzes, nur teilweise eine Fluoreszenz der Pilzzellwand.

Abstract

In viticulture practices, technical cultivation practices and application of fungicides, specifically named botryticides, are important to control the grey mold, Botrytis cinerea. While conventional disease control is based upon applications of fungicides, options for controlling of grey mold in organic viticulture is limited. Resistance of the fungus and multiple drug resistance (MDR) require development of new disease control strategies. In vivo observation showed a reduced grey mold infection of grapes if covered with slime from garden snail. Hence, snail slime, commercial lectin (Helix aspersa agglutinin, HAA) from garden snail and bacteria isolated from snail slime were tested for antifungal or antagonistic activities against B. cinerea in vitro. Furthermore, fluorescein isothiocyanate labeled Helix-lectin (FITC-HPA) was used to detect terminal N‑acetyl-galactosamine residues (GalNAc) on fungal cell wall surface. In our experiments, neither slime (after sterile filtration) nor commercial lectin nor slime bacteria were found to affect spore germination and mycelial growth. Binding of lectin was found to depend on media and age of the fungal mycelium.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Fachbereich Oecotrophologie, Hochschule Fulda • University of Applied Sciences, Leipziger Straße 123, 36037, Fulda, Deutschland

    Victoria Schneider, Friedrich-Karl Lücke & Marc Birringer

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  1. Victoria Schneider
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  2. Friedrich-Karl Lücke
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  3. Marc Birringer
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Correspondence to Victoria Schneider.

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Schneider, V., Lücke, FK. & Birringer, M. In vitro-Untersuchung einer möglichen fungistatischen Wirkung des Sekrets der Weinbergschnecke (Helix pomatia, Helix aspersa) auf Botrytis cinerea. Gesunde Pflanzen 68, 89–97 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10343-016-0364-6

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