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Comparison of Different Greenhouse Systems and Their Impacts on Plant Responses of Tomatoes

Vergleich unterschiedlicher Gewächshaussysteme und deren Auswirkungen auf die Qualität von Tomaten

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Abstract

A semi-closed greenhouse was used for sustainable tomato production and to investigate the effects of the prevailing climate conditions within this greenhouse on different plant parameters of tomatoes. Compared to conventionally cultivated tomato plants, the leaf area index, the number of trusses and the yield of marketable fruit of tomato plants exposed to the microclimatic conditions in the semi-closed greenhouse were significantly increased by 21, 11 and 31.9 %, respectively. Furthermore, the application of this new technology led to a significant increase in contents of lycopene (by 30 %), ß-carotene (by 40 %), phenolic compounds (25 %), titratable acids (by 8 %) and soluble solids (by 15 %) in tomatoes during the summer period. These results were attributed to higher photosynthetic activities, which predominantly occurred in the greenhouse with the semi-closed operation mode. Furthermore, the new technology can be seen as new horticultural approach to reduce the yield of blossom-end rot fruit by 75.2 %. This quality improvement was caused by higher levels of relative humidity, where this humidity states were also responsible for a reduction in the annual plant transpiration rate by 10 %.

Zusammenfassung

Tomaten wurden in einem semi-geschlossenen Gewächshaus im Vergleich zu einem konventionellen Gewächshaus produziert und die Auswirkungen der vorherrschenden Klimabedingungen in den Gewächshäusern auf verschiedene Pflanzenparameter untersucht. Im Vergleich zu konventionell kultivierten Tomatenpflanzen waren der Blattflächenindex (um 21 %), die Anzahl der Rispen (um 11 %) und der Ertrag der vermarktungsfähigen Früchte (um 31.9 %) der Tomatenpflanzen, die den mikroklimatischen Bedingungen im semi-geschlossenen Gewächshaus ausgesetzt waren, signifikant erhöht. Darüber hinaus führte die Applikation dieser neuen Technologie in den Sommermonaten zu einer signifikanten Erhöhung der Gehalte von Lykopin (um 30 %), ß-Carotin (um 40 %), phenolischen Verbindungen (um 25 %), titrierbaren Säuren (um 8 %) und löslicher Trockensubstanz (um 15 %) in Tomaten. Diese Ergebnisse wurden auf höhere photosynthetische Aktivitäten zurückgeführt, die überwiegend im Gewächshaus mit semi-geschlossenem Betriebsmodus auftraten. Weiterhin kann die neue Technologie als gartenbaulicher Ansatz gesehen werden, um den Ertrag der mit Blütenendfäule befallenden Früchte um 75,2 % zu reduzieren. Diese Qualitätsverbesserung wurde durch das höhere Niveau der relativen Luftfeuchtigkeit hervorgerufen, wobei diese Feuchtezustände auch für die Reduzierung der jährlichen Transpirationsrate um 10 % verantwortlich war.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division Biosystems Engineering, Faculty of Life Sciences, Albrecht Daniel Thaer-Institute of Agricultural and Horticultural Sciences, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany

    Dennis Dannehl & U. Schmidt

  2. Institute for Product Quality, 12247, Berlin, Germany

    M. Josuttis

  3. Division Urban Plant Ecophysiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Albrecht Daniel Thaer-Institute of Agricultural and Horticultural Sciences, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 14195, Berlin, Germany

    S. Huyskens-Keil & C. Ulrichs

  4. Faculty of Life Sciences, Division Biosystems Engineering, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Albrecht-Thaer-Weg 3, 14195, Berlin, Germany

    Dennis Dannehl

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  1. Dennis Dannehl
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  2. M. Josuttis
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  3. S. Huyskens-Keil
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  4. C. Ulrichs
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  5. U. Schmidt
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Correspondence to Dennis Dannehl.

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Dannehl, D., Josuttis, M., Huyskens-Keil, S. et al. Comparison of Different Greenhouse Systems and Their Impacts on Plant Responses of Tomatoes. Gesunde Pflanzen 66, 111–119 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10343-014-0322-0

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10343-014-0322-0

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