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Temperature-dependent effect of two neurotoxic insecticides on predatory potential of Philodromus spiders

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Abstract

Although temperature significantly influences pesticides’ impact on ectotherms, the joint effect of temperature and pesticides on natural enemies is understudied. In laboratory conditions, we investigated the influence of two commonly used insecticides, spinosad and λ-cyhalothrin, on mortality and functional response of a community of Philodromus spiders (P. cespitum 80 %, P. albidus 20 %) at different temperatures (10, 17, 25, and 31 °C). Almost all spiders died at 31 °C in the λ-cyhalothrin treatment. Mortality was very low at other temperatures. Mortality in the spinosad treatment did not differ from the control. Both pesticides reduced the prey capture rate and/or changed the type of functional response at all temperatures. The sublethal effects of λ-cyhalothrin were most pronounced at 10 °C, while those of spinosad were most marked at 10 and 25 °C. At 10 °C, the pesticides’ effects on the spiders were long lasting. In addition, λ-cyhalothrin influenced the philodromids much more negatively than spinosad suggesting its incompatibility with IPM across all temperatures. The results support the importance of studying the temperature-specific effects of pesticides in order to increase the efficiency of integrated pest management. Philodromids are effective in pest suppression at low temperatures, but application of pesticides at the beginning of the season can significantly disrupt their biocontrol potential.

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Acknowledgments

We would like to acknowledge Šárka Mašová, Stano Pekár, and Stano Korenko for the help with experiments or their advices. We are very grateful to the three anonymous reviewers and the subject editor for their comments that noticeably improved our manuscript. This study was supported by Student Project Grant No. MUNI/A/1484/2014 provided by Masaryk University, European Social Fund and the state budget of the Czech Republic under the project Indicators of Trees Vitality Reg. No. CZ.1.07/2.3.00/20.0265 provided by Mendel University as well as by Internal Grant Agency of Mendel University (Reg. No. LDF_VT_2015012/2015).

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  1. Department of Botany and Zoology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlářská 2, 611 37, Brno, Czech Republic

    Radek Michalko

  2. Department of Forest Ecology, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 3, 613 00, Brno, Czech Republic

    Radek Michalko

  3. Department of Forest Protection and Wildlife Management, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 3, 613 00, Brno, Czech Republic

    Ondřej Košulič

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  1. Radek Michalko
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Correspondence to Radek Michalko.

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Communicated by A. Biondi.

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Michalko, R., Košulič, O. Temperature-dependent effect of two neurotoxic insecticides on predatory potential of Philodromus spiders. J Pest Sci 89, 517–527 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10340-015-0696-5

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