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Visual, vibratory, and olfactory cues affect interactions between the red spider mite Tetranychus evansi and its predator Phytoseiulus longipes

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Abstract

Phytoseiulus longipes Evans (Mesostigmata: Phytoseiidae) is an exotic predator widely used in biological control programs for the red spider mite Tetranychus evansi Baker & Pritchard (Acari: Tetranychidae) in East Africa. However, little is known about the cues mediating this prey/predator interaction. Here, we performed behavioral assays to test the involvement of visual, vibratory, and olfactory cues using a combination of dead/living insects enclosed in either perforated or non-perforated transparent/opaque capsules. We monitored insect responses with a video tracking system and analyzed the data with Ethovision software. Our results showed avoidance behavior of T. evansi in the presence of live P. longipes through visual, vibratory, and olfactory cues. P. longipes was attracted by vibratory and olfactory cues emitted by T. evansi. The composition of volatiles from T. evansi was identified by GC/MS as methyl salicylate (MeSA), linalool, β-caryophyllene, octanoic acid, decanoic acid, dodecanoic acid, tetradecanoic acid, hexadecanoic acid, and octadecanoic acid. Our behavioral assays with predatory mites in a Y-tube olfactometer revealed that among the identified volatiles, only MeSA, linalool, and MeSA + linalool attracted P. longipes. The implications of these findings for the control of T. evansi are discussed.

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Acknowledgments

This study was made possible by the generous support of the American people through the U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID) under Award No. EPP-A-00-09-00004 with additional support from Michigan State University and Cirad. The study also obtained financial support from the International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (icipe). The contents are the responsibility of Horticulture Collaborative Research Support Program (HortCRSP) project BioNetAgro investigators and do not necessarily reflect the views of USAID, the U.S. Government or icipe.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Cirad, UPR Hortsys, Montpellier, France

    Ginette Yèyinou Azandémè-Hounmalon, Baldwyn Torto, Komi Kouma Mokpokpo Fiaboe, Sevgan Subramanian, Serge Kreiter & Thibaud Martin

  2. Plant Health Division, icipe, P.O. Box 30772-00100, Nairobi, Kenya

    Ginette Yèyinou Azandémè-Hounmalon, Baldwyn Torto, Komi Kouma Mokpokpo Fiaboe, Sevgan Subramanian, Serge Kreiter & Thibaud Martin

  3. Montpellier SupAgro, UMR CBGP, 34988, Montferrier-sur-Lez Cedex, France

    Ginette Yèyinou Azandémè-Hounmalon, Baldwyn Torto, Komi Kouma Mokpokpo Fiaboe, Sevgan Subramanian, Serge Kreiter & Thibaud Martin

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  1. Ginette Yèyinou Azandémè-Hounmalon
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  2. Baldwyn Torto
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  3. Komi Kouma Mokpokpo Fiaboe
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  5. Serge Kreiter
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Correspondence to Thibaud Martin.

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Communicated by N. Agusti.

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Azandémè-Hounmalon, G.Y., Torto, B., Fiaboe, K.K.M. et al. Visual, vibratory, and olfactory cues affect interactions between the red spider mite Tetranychus evansi and its predator Phytoseiulus longipes . J Pest Sci 89, 137–152 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10340-015-0682-y

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10340-015-0682-y

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