Skip to main content

Advertisement

Log in

Integrated control and integrated pest management in Japan: the need for various strategies in response to agricultural diversity

  • REVIEW FOR THE 100TH ANNIVERSARY
  • Published:
Journal of General Plant Pathology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

An urgent need exists in Japan to reduce the use of crop protection chemicals, increase food safety, find an alternative to methyl bromide, and adopt sustainable agricultural practices. Integrated control and integrated pest management (IPM) are powerful approaches to resolve these problems. Integrated control, as described by Stern et al. (Hilgardia, 29: 81–101, 1959), was translated as sougouboujo in Japanese by Japanese entomologists and has become popular. However, this concept was first reported for rice diseases in Japan by Ito (Itoh, 28:1–204, 1932), to provide preventive control of three principal rice diseases using a combination of measures that inhibited primary infection. Many scientists in Japan have conducted research on sougouboujo. The term is still used by Japanese plant pathologists even though the Japanese government developed IPM guidelines in the 2000s. The sougouboujo concept described by Ito may be considered a type of preventive IPM based on biology. With this previous work as a foundation, research on sougouboujo in Japan is introduced as representing “integrated control.” In this report, I introduce the history of IPM in Japan including the new system of checklists based on the IPM guidelines of the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries (MAFF) and a new IPM strategy to manage diseases caused by soilborne pathogens.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Akai S (1938) On the ash figure of leaves of the rice plant grown under a combination practice of several effective measures for the control of blast disease (in Japanese with English summary). Ann Phytopath Soc Japan 7:173–192

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Amano T, Torigoe Y, Ogawa K, Komada H, Ito S (1995) Development of decision support system for clubroot disease control in cabbage production based on long term prediction (in Japanese with English summary). Bull Natl Agric Res Cent 24:1–40

    Google Scholar 

  • Bao Z, Ikunaga Y, Matsushita Y, Morimoto S, Hoshino YT, Okada H, Oba H, Takemoto S, Niwa S, Ohigashi K, Suzuki C, Nagaoka K, Takenaka M, Urashima Y, Sekiguchi H, Kushida A, Toyota K, Saito M, Tsushimaet S (2012) Combined analyses of bacterial, fungal and nematode communities in Andosolic agricultural soils in Japan. Microbes Environ 27:72–79

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Bao Z, Matsushita Y, Morimoto S, Hoshino YT, Suzuki C, Nagaoka K, Takenaka M, Murakami H, Kuroyanagi Y, Urashima Y, Sekiguchi H, Kushida A, Toyota K, Saito M, Tsushima S (2013) Decrease in fungal biodiversity along an available phosphorous gradient in arable Andosol soils in Japan. Can J Microbiol 59:368–373

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Epstein L, Bassein S (2003) Patterns of pesticide use in California and the implications for strategies for reduction of pesticides. Annu Rev Phytopathol 41:351–375

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • FAO (2013) AGP Integrated Pest Management. IPM definition. http://www.fao.org/agriculture/crops/thematic-sitemap/theme/pests/ipm/en/.

  • Frisbie RE, Hardee DD, Wilson LT (1992) Biologically intensive pest management in the future choices for cotton. In: Zalom FC, Fry WE (eds) Food, crop pests, and the environment. APS Press, St. Paul, pp 57–82

    Google Scholar 

  • Fujinaga M, Miyamoto K, Ogiso H, Uchiyama T, Iyama Y, Morikawa T, Natsuaki T, Inoue T (2009) The integrated control of virus diseases on Russell prairie gentian, Eustoma grandiflorum (Raf.) Shinn (in Japanese). Plant Prot 63:421–428

    Google Scholar 

  • Fukaya M, Kiritani K (eds) (1973) Integrated control (in Japanese). Softscience Press, Tokyo, p 415

    Google Scholar 

  • Hamaya E (1990) Oyo shokubutsu byorigaku yogoshu (terms for applied plant pathology). Japan Plant Protection Association, Tokyo

    Google Scholar 

  • Hoshino YT, Matsumoto N (2004) An improved DNA extraction method using skim milk from soils that strongly adsorb DNA. Microbes Environ 19:13–19

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hoshino YT, Morimoto S (2008) Comparison of 18S rDNA primers for estimating fungal diversity in agricultural soils using polymerase chain reaction-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis. Soil Sci Plant Nutr 54:701–710

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hoshino YT, Morimoto S (2010) Soil clone library analyses to evaluate specificity and selectivity of PCR primers targeting fungal 18S rDNA for denaturing-gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE). Microbes Environ 25:281–287

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Itoh S (1932) Primary infection of principal diseases of rice and their integrated control (in Japanese). Res Bull Hokkaido Natl Agric Exp Stn 28:1–204

    Google Scholar 

  • Itoh S, Komada H, Momma T, Amano T (1989a) Development of field diagnosis system (FDS) for preventing continuous cropping injury of crop. 12. Study of factors related the development of a prediction model of Verticillium yellow in Chinese cabbage (in Japanese with English summary). Bull Natl Agric Res Cent 16:33–53

    Google Scholar 

  • Itoh S, Komada H, Momma T, Amano T (1989b) Development of field diagnosis system (FDS) for preventing continuous cropping injury of crop. 13. Development of a model for prediction of severity of Verticillium yellows of Chinese cabbage (in Japanese with English summary). Bull Natl Agric Res Cent 17:1–53

    Google Scholar 

  • Iwamoto Y, Aino K (2010) Control of lettuce big-vein disease by integrated control (in Japanese). Plant Prot 64:229–234

    Google Scholar 

  • Jacobsen BJ (1997) Role of plant pathology in integrated pest management. Annu Rev Phytopathol 35:373–391

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lewis WJ, van Lenteren JC, Phatak SC, Tumlinson JH (1997) A total system approach to sustainable pest management. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 94:12243–12248

    Article  CAS  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • MacFarlane I (1952) Factors affecting the survival of Plasmodiophora brassicae Wor. in the soil and its assessment by a host test. Ann Appl Biol 39:239–256

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Maekawa K, Fukushima A, Takegawa M (2011) Control of fusarium wilt of spinach by reductive soil disinfestation using Brassica juncea (in Japanese). Ann Rept Kansai Pl Prot 53:83–85

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • MAFF (2011) The policy of IPM for promotion (in Japanese). Plant Prot 65:381–385

    Google Scholar 

  • MAFF (2012) The status of practical use of checklists in Japan. http://www.maff.go.jp/j/syouan/syokubo/gaicyu/g_zirei/index.html.

  • Momma T, Komada H, Itoh S, Ota K, Horiuchi S, Ohata K, Kitagawa Y (1988) Development of field diagnosis system (FDS) for preventing continuous cropping injury of crop. 6. Development and actual proof of the field diagnosis system for integrated control of clubroot of Chinese cabbage (in Japanese with English summary). Bull Natl Agric Res Cent 12:13–38

    Google Scholar 

  • Momma N, Momma M, Kobara Y (2010) Biological soil disinfection using ethanol: effect on Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. lycopersici and soil microorganisms. J Gen Plant Pathol 76:336–344

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Momma N, Kobara Y, Uematsu S, Kita N, Shinmura A (2013) Development of biological soil disinfections in Japan. Appl Microbiol Biothechnol 97:3081–3089

    Google Scholar 

  • Morimoto S, Hoshino YT (2008) Methods for analysis of soil communities by PCR-DGGE (1): bacterial and fungal communities (in Japanese with English summary). Soil Microorg 62:63–68

    Google Scholar 

  • Murakami H (2000) Population density of the pathogen and pathogenesis in soil-borne diseases—a case study of cruciferous clubroot. Soil Microorg 54:129–137

    Google Scholar 

  • Murakami H (2011) Effects of fulsulfamide on soil microbial community (in Japanese). Plant Prot 65:461–646

    Google Scholar 

  • Murakami H, Tsushima S, Shishido Y (2000a) Soil suppressiveness to clubroot disease of Chinese cabbage caused by Plasmodiophora brassicae. Sil Biol Biochem 32:1637–1642

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Murakami H, Tsushima S, Akimoto T, Murakami K, Goto I, Shishido Y (2000b) The effects of growing leafy daikon (Raphanus sativus) on populations of Plasmodiophora brassicae (clubroot). Plant Pathol 49:584–589

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Murakami H, Tsushima S, Akimoto T, Shishido Y (2001) Reduction of spore density of Plasmodiophora brassicae in soil by decoy plants. J Gen Plant Pathol 67:85–88

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Murakami H, Tsushima S, Shishido Y (2002) Factors affecting the pattern of the dose response curve of clubroot disease caused by Plasmodiophora brassicae. Soil Sci Plant Nutr 48:421–427

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Murakami H, Tsushima S, Akimoto T, Kanno T, Shishido Y (2003) Effects of cultivation of preceding plants on the development of Fusarium wilt of cucumber and daikon. Soil Sci Plant Nutr 49:703–710

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Murakami H, Tsushima S, Akimoto T, Kuroyanagi Y, Shishido Y (2011) Quantitative studies on the relationship between plowing into soil of clubbed roots of preceding crops caused by Plasmodiophora brassicae and disease severity in succeeding crops. Soil Sci Plant Nutr 50:1307–1311

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Oba H, Okada H (2008) Methods for analysis of soil communities by PCR-DGGE (2): nematode community (in Japanese with English summary). Soil Micoorganisms 62:69–73

    Google Scholar 

  • NARC manual (2012) Plant virus vaccine ‘green pepper PM’ manual (in Japanese). http://www.naro.affrc.go.jp/narc/contents/files/post_methylbromide/narc_manual.pdf

  • OECD (2011) Report of the OECD workshop on integrated pest management (IPM) strategies for the adaptation and Implementation of IPM in agriculture, contributing to the sustainable use of pesticides and to pesticide risk reduction, Berlin, Germany, 16–19 October 2011, http://search.oecd.org/officialdocuments/displaydocumentpdf/?cote=env/jm/mono(2012)32&doclanguage=en.

  • Ohata K, Momma T, Kitagawa Y, Ito S, Komada H (1985) Development of field diagnosis system (FDS) for preventing continuous cropping. 1. Analysis of actual condition of continuous cropping injury and significance in developing field diagnosis system (in Japanese with English summary). Bull Natl Agric Res Cent 4:1–50

    Google Scholar 

  • Okada H, Oba H (2008) Comparison of nematode community similarities assessed by polymerase chain reaction-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) and by morphological identification. Nematology 10:689–700

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Savary S, Teng PS, Willocquet L, Nutter FW Jr (2006) Quantification and modeling of crop losses: a review of purposes. Annu Rev Phytopathol 44:89–112

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Shinmura A (2002) Studies on the ecology and control of welsh onion root rot caused by Fusarium redolens. J Gen Plant Pathol 68:265

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Stern VM, Smith RF, van den Bosch R, Hagen KS (1959) Integrated control concept. Hilgardia 29:81–101

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Suzuki C, Nagaoka K, Shimada A, Takenaka M (2009) Bacterial communities are more dependent on soil type than fertilizer type, but the reverse is true for fungal communities. Soil Sci Plant Nutr 55:80–90

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Taguchi Y (2009) Status of commercialized biological control agents in Japan. -Interactions between microorganisms and plants- (in Japanese). In: Hyakumachi M, Tsushima S (eds) Plant disease and biological control. Softscience Press, Tokyo, pp 381–387

    Google Scholar 

  • Tanaka T (2005) Integrated control of potato scab according to incidence level (in Japanese). Plant Prot 59:218–221

    Google Scholar 

  • Tsushima S (2001) Biological control in IPM (in Japanese with English summary). In: Tsuchiya T, Tsushima S (eds) Biological control in IPM. Phytopathological Society of Japan, Tokyo, pp 1–13

  • Tsushima S (2010) Development of biodiversity analysis system for agricultural soils with environmental DNA (in Japanese). Soil Microorg 64:64–69

    Google Scholar 

  • Tsushima S, Yoshida S (2012) A new health-checkup based soil-borne disease management (HeSoDiM) and its use—Introduction of MAFF project (2011–2013). TUA (Tokyo University of Agriculture)—FFTC (Food and Fertilizer Technology Center) international seminar on emerging infectious diseases of food crops in Asia. Abstract: 204

  • Tsushima S, Murakami H, Akimoto T, Shishido Y (1999a) A model for integrated control of clubroot disease caused by Plasmodiophora brassicae. Conference handbook of 12th APPS (Australasian Plant Pathology Society) Biennial Conference, Canberra, p 299

  • Tsushima S, Murakami H, Akimoto T, Shishido Y (1999b) Integrated control of clubroot disease of Chinese cabbage by combining a decoy plant with soil assessment. Jerusalem, abstracts, XIVth International Plant Protection Congress (IPPC), p 75

    Google Scholar 

  • Tsushima S, Fujii T, Takenaka M (2009) A Japanese research project for analysis of soil biological properties related to agriculture using environmental DNA, BAGECO10 (Bacterial Genetics and Ecology—Coexisting on a Changing Planet) Program & Abstract, p 84

  • Tsushima S, Murakami H, Akimoto T, Katahira M, Kuroyanagi Y, Shishido Y (2010) A practical estimating method of the dose-response curve between inoculum density of Plasmodiophora brassicae and the disease severity for long-term IPM strategies. Jpn Agric Res Q 44:383–390

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tsushima S, Matsushita Y, Bao Z, Ikunaga Y, Nagase H, Yoshida S, Saito M (2011) A environmental DNA database for agricultural soils (eDDASs). TUA (Tokyo University of Agriculture)—FFTC (Food and Fertilizer Technology Center) international seminar on emerging infectious diseases of food crops in Asia. Abstract: 203

  • Ui T (1982) Botany of School of Agriculture of Hokkaido University and Hokkaido Prefecture. 100 years of the Hokkaido University: 881–892

  • Umekawa M, Miyai S, Yano E, Takahashi K (2005) IPM manual: Integrated pest management (in Japanese). Yokendo, Tokyo

    Google Scholar 

  • Yasui M (2012) Current state and several problems of microbial fungicides (in Japanese with English summary). In: Tsushima S, Aino M (eds) Biological control in IPM. Phytopathological Society of Japan, Tokyo, pp 28–35

    Google Scholar 

  • Yonemoto K, Hirota K, Mizuguchi S, Sakaguchi K (2006) Utilization of the sterilization by soil reduction in an open air field and its efficacy against Fusarium wilt of strawberry. Protec Shikoku Proc Assoc P1 41:15–24

    Google Scholar 

  • Zadoks C (1985) On the conceptual basis of crop assessment: the threshold theory. Annu Rev Phytopathol 23:455–475

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

Part of this work was financially supported by the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, Japan through the research project “Development of technologies for mitigation and adaptation to climate change in Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries”.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Seiya Tsushima.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Tsushima, S. Integrated control and integrated pest management in Japan: the need for various strategies in response to agricultural diversity. J Gen Plant Pathol 80, 389–400 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10327-014-0538-y

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10327-014-0538-y

Keywords

Navigation