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Pathogenic diversity of soybean rust in Argentina, Brazil, and Paraguay

  • Fungal Diseases
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Abstract

Phakopsora pachyrhizi, the cause of soybean rust, is an economically important pathogen of soybean in South America. Understanding the pathogenicity of indigenous fungal populations is useful for identifying resistant plant genotypes and targeting effective cultivars against certain populations. Fifty-nine rust populations from Argentina, Brazil, and Paraguay were evaluated for pathogenicity in three cropping seasons, 2007/2008–2009/2010, using 16 soybean differentials. Only two pairs of P. pachyrhizi populations displayed identical pathogenicity profiles, indicating substantial pathogenic variation in the rust populations. Comparative analysis of 59 South American and five Japanese samples revealed that pathogenic differences were not only detected within South America but also distinct between the P. pachyrhizi populations from South America and Japan. In addition, seasonal changes in rust pathogenicity were detected during the sampling period. The differentials containing resistance genes (Rpp: resistance to P. p achyrhizi) Rpp1, Rpp2, Rpp3, and Rpp4, except for Plant Introduction (PI) 587880A, displayed a resistant reaction to only 1.8–14, 24–28, 22, and 36 % of South American P. pachyrhizi populations, respectively. In contrast, PI 587880A (Rpp1), Shiranui (Rpp5), and 3 Rpp-unknown differentials (PI 587855, PI 587905, and PI 594767A) showed a resistant reaction to 78–96 % of all populations. This study demonstrated that P. pachyrhizi populations from South America vary geographically and temporally in pathogenicity and that the known Rpp genes other than Rpp1 in PI 587880A and Rpp5 have been less effective against recent pathogen populations in the countries studied.

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Acknowledgments

We gratefully acknowledge Tatiani Janegitz, Maurício Sorge Pereira do Nascimento, and greenhouse facility staff of EMBRAPA Soja, and Hernán Russian of EEA-Pergamino, INTA, for their technical assistance. The authors also thank Enago (http://www.enago.jp/) for the English language review. This research was supported by the JIRCAS Research Project entitled “Identification of Stable Resistance to Soybean Rust for South America” and “Development of Breeding Technologies toward Improved Production and Stable Supply of Upland Crops”.

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Author notes

  1. Masayasu Kato

    Present address: National Agriculture and Food Research Organization Agricultural Research Center (NARO/ARC), National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO), 3-1-1 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8666, Japan

  2. José Tadashi Yorinori

    Present address: Tadashi Agro, Rua Campo Largo 170, Jardim Santo Antônio, Londrina, Paraná, 86060-560, Brazil

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Biological Resources and Post-harvest Division, Japan International Research Center for Agricultural Sciences (JIRCAS), 1-1 Ohwashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8686, Japan

    Hajime Akamatsu, Naoki Yamanaka, Masayasu Kato & Kazuhiro Suenaga

  2. Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8572, Japan

    Yuichi Yamaoka

  3. National Soybean Research Center (EMBRAPA Soja), Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation (EMBRAPA), Londrina, Paraná, 86001-970, Brazil

    Rafael Moreira Soares & José Tadashi Yorinori

  4. Research Center of Capitán Miranda (CICM) (formerly Regional Center for Agricultural Research in Capitán Miranda [CRIA]), The Paraguayan Institute of Agrarian Technology (IPTA), Capitán Miranda, Itapúa, Paraguay

    Wilfrido Morel & Alicia Noelia Bogado

  5. Agricultural Experimental Station-Pergamino (EEA-Pergamino), National Institute of Agricultural Technology (INTA), Pergamino, Buenos Aires, Argentina

    Antonio Juan Gerardo Ivancovich

Authors
  1. Hajime Akamatsu
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  2. Naoki Yamanaka
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  3. Yuichi Yamaoka
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  4. Rafael Moreira Soares
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  6. Antonio Juan Gerardo Ivancovich
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  7. Alicia Noelia Bogado
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  8. Masayasu Kato
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  9. José Tadashi Yorinori
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  10. Kazuhiro Suenaga
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Correspondence to Hajime Akamatsu.

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Akamatsu, H., Yamanaka, N., Yamaoka, Y. et al. Pathogenic diversity of soybean rust in Argentina, Brazil, and Paraguay. J Gen Plant Pathol 79, 28–40 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10327-012-0421-7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10327-012-0421-7

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