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Toxicité aiguë et action analgésique d’extrait éthanolique des feuilles d’Aloe perryi, plante endémique du Yémen

Acute toxicity and analgesic effects of ethanolic extracts of Aloe perryi leaves, a plant that is endemic to Yemen

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  • Pharmacognosie
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Phytothérapie

Résumé

Aloe perryi Baker est une plante endémique du Yémen utilisée traditionnellement pour le traitement de diverses pathologies comme l’inflammation et la douleur. La DL50 de cet extrait de jus de feuille d’Aloe perryi est évaluée à 3 067 mg/kg v.o., avec des limites de confiance à 95 %, ce qui lui confère une absence de toxicité par voie orale. L’effet analgésique périphérique a été étudié par le test de Koster sur les souris et l’effet analgésique central par le test de Tail Flick sur les rats. Ces tests accordent à l’extrait éthanolique un effet analgésique périphérique avec un pourcentage de protection vis-à-vis des crampes abdominales de 25,90 % à 100 mg/kg v.o. et 59,22 % à 250 mg/kg v.o., en comparaison avec l’acide acétylsalicylique 200 mg/kg v.o., analgésique périphérique de référence de pouvoir de protection estimé à 50,1 %. Le temps maximum de réaction de l’inhibition de la douleur dans l’étude analgésique centrale est de 5,39 ± 0,14 secondes à 45 minutes de l’administration de l’extrait à 250 mg/kg v.o., en comparaison avec la morphine analgésique centrale de référence 5 mg/kg s.c. révélant un temps de réaction au même temps de 7,49 ± 0,25 secondes. Ces résultats indiquent que l’extrait éthanolique possède une action analgésique périphérique et est dénué d’action analgésique centrale morphine-like.

Abstract

The ethanolic extract of leaves juice of Aloe perryi have several therapeutic applications in traditional medicine for treatment of different diseases as inflammation, muscles and cerebral column pain, burns, wounds and ulcers, anemia, hyperglycemia, malaria, skin diseases and parasitic diseases. The acute toxicity evaluation of this extract follows upon the determination of the lethal amounts 50% of methanol extract from this plant, already given it is specified here by the lethal dose 50% (LD50) of 3,067 mg/kg (p.o.), with confidence limits of 95%.The ethanolic extract was tested on the mice for the tests of peripheral analgesic activity according to the test of Koster and also on the rats for the central analgesic activity of the morphine type based on the test Tail flick. The test of Koster in the mouse and the test of Tail flick in the rats showed that ethanolic extract of this plant have greatly peripheral analgesic activity with an important protection against abdominal cramps 25.90% and 59.22% for 100 and 250 mg/kg via oral route. This results was compared with aspirin as reference drug 50.1%. No central morphine like analgesic activity was recorded with 250 mg/kg of extract p.o. (5.39 ± 0.14 seconds at 45 minutes) in comparison with the reference drug (7.49 ± 0.25 seconds as maximum reaction time for pain inhibition). These results indicate that the ethanolic extract produced peripheral analgesic action.

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Correspondence to K. Alaoui.

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Al-Sobarry, M., Alwashli, A., Cherrah, Y. et al. Toxicité aiguë et action analgésique d’extrait éthanolique des feuilles d’Aloe perryi, plante endémique du Yémen. Phytothérapie 11, 17–21 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10298-013-0752-8

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