Abstract
The Baltic states experienced strong economic growth and a rapid closing of the income gap with developed economies until the onset of the global financial crisis. Since then they have seen a marked slowdown of economic growth. This raises the issue of whether the Baltic states might become caught in a middle-income trap with modest growth and slow convergence. Such a trap may stem from a lack of coordination among different actors in the economy, holding back the growth of productive capacity. Based on the results of empirical studies, it is argued that a middle-income trap cannot be ruled out for the Baltic states given their deep crises, weaknesses in education, simple production and export contents, institutional constraints, and rapidly ageing populations. Policymakers may seek to facilitate faster and more stable growth by taking measures that address a number of structural coordination problems in the Baltic states.
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This paper draws on a study prepared for and under the copyright of the European Commission for the seminar “Joining the euro and then? How to ensure economic success after entering the common currency” held in Vilnius on 16 June 2015. The author would like to thank, without implicating, the discussants Märten Ross, Ingrida Šimonyte and Andris Strazds for valuable feedback at the seminar, and staff of the European Commission for feedback during the preparation of the paper. The views expressed are those of the author and not necessarily those of the European Commission or Eesti Pank.
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Staehr, K. Economic Growth and Convergence in the Baltic States: Caught in a Middle-Income Trap?. Intereconomics 50, 274–280 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10272-015-0551-1
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10272-015-0551-1