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Labellum transcriptome reveals alkene biosynthetic genes involved in orchid sexual deception and pollination-induced senescence

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Abstract

One of the most remarkable pollination strategy in orchids biology is pollination by sexual deception, in which the modified petal labellum lures pollinators by mimicking the chemical (e.g. sex pheromones), visual (e.g. colour and shape/size) and tactile (e.g. labellum trichomes) cues of the receptive female insect species. The present study aimed to characterize the transcriptional changes occurring after pollination in the labellum of a sexually deceptive orchid (Ophrys fusca Link) in order to identify genes involved on signals responsible for pollinator attraction, the major goal of floral tissues. Novel information on alterations in the orchid petal labellum gene expression occurring after pollination demonstrates a reduction in the expression of alkene biosynthetic genes using O. fusca Link as the species under study. Petal labellum transcriptional analysis revealed downregulation of transcripts involved in both pigment machinery and scent compounds, acting as visual and olfactory cues, respectively, important in sexual mimicry. Regulation of petal labellum senescence was revealed by transcripts related to macromolecules breakdown, protein synthesis and remobilization of nutrients.

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Abbreviations

aRNA:

Antisense RNA

DAP:

Days after pollination

DMSO:

Dimethyl sulfoxide

MIPS:

Munich Information Center for Protein Sequences

NCBI:

National Centre for Biotechnology Information

qPCR:

Quantitative real-time PCR

ROS:

Reactive oxygen species

SAD:

Stearoyl acyl carrier protein (ACP) desaturase

SDS:

Sodium dodecyl sulphate

SSC:

Sodium chloride–sodium citrate buffer

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Acknowledgments

We thank F.P. Schiestl for critical reading of the manuscript and helpful suggestions, V. Pereira, S. Serrazina, A.S. Róis and F. Pessoa for fieldwork assistance, A.M. Fortes for helping with GEO data submission and S. Ferreira and M. Romeiras for discussions. This work was supported by the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology with the fellowships SFRH/BD/30152/2006, FCT/OE, FCT/Ciência 2007 and BIOFIG PEst-OE/BIA/UI4046/2011.

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Author notes

  1. Helena C. Cotrim

    Present address: National Museum of Natural History, Botanic Garden and Centre for Environmental Biology (CBA), Faculty of Sciences, University of Lisbon, R. Escola Politécnica 58, 1250-102, Lisbon, Portugal

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Plant Systems Biology Lab, Center for Biodiversity, Functional & Integrative Genomics (BioFIG), Faculty of Sciences, University of Lisbon, Ed. C2 Floor 4/2.4.48, Campo Grande, 1749-016, Lisbon, Portugal

    Filipa Monteiro, Mónica Sebastiana, Andreia Figueiredo, Helena C. Cotrim & Maria Salomé Pais

  2. Department of Statistics and Operations Research, FCUL, CEAUL, Lisbon, Portugal

    Lisete Sousa

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Correspondence to Filipa Monteiro.

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Monteiro, F., Sebastiana, M., Figueiredo, A. et al. Labellum transcriptome reveals alkene biosynthetic genes involved in orchid sexual deception and pollination-induced senescence. Funct Integr Genomics 12, 693–703 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10142-012-0288-x

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