Abstract
Evaluating the effects of fishing and environmental factors on fish populations are fundamental tenets of fisheries science. In this study, we assess associations between environmental variables (sea surface temperature; North Atlantic Oscillation index; upwelling; wind magnitude; westerly winds; northerly winds; river discharge) and fishing variables (fishing effort) in Diplodus sagus catch rates accounting for regional analyses (northwest coast; southwest coast and Algarve—Algarve south coast). Different time series models for data fitting (multi-model approach) were used. The models were lagged, according to species fishing recruitment age based on the hypothesis that fisheries catches depend on larvae recruitment and survivorship. D. sargus catch rates across areas were unrelated to fishing effort but correlated to environmental variables, with seasonal events explaining much of the variability in trends. On the northwestern coast, the catch rates were mainly set by sea surface temperature (SST) and wind magnitude; however, southwestern coast catch rates were set by NAO winter. On the south coast, only one statistical model (SST, upwelling and westerly winds) associated spring conditions with D. sargus catch rates. The multi-model approach revealed autumn, winter and spring seasonal effects to be related with northwest, southwest and Algarve coastal catch rates, respectively, indicating a possible coastal longitudinal gradient related with given periods of spawning and larval availability. The metadata analysis yielded different results from the regional analyses. In summary, marine resource management should take regional environment characteristics and variability into account when determining sustainable catch rates in given areas for species with high habitat site fidelity.
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Acknowledgments
The authors are grateful to Carlos Moura (DGRM) for providing fisheries data and to ARH-Algarve for providing river discharge data. F. Leitão holds a scholarship from Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia (Reference SFRH/BPD/63935/2009). Samantha Jane Hughes holds a postdoctoral research scholarship from Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia BPD/Sustainsys/UTAD/756/2014.
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10113_2014_726_MOESM1_ESM.xlsx
Detailed results of all model approaches (MAFA, DFA and GLS), including all explanatory variables related to D. sargus LPUE in the northwest (IXaCN), southwest (IXaCS) and south (IXaS-Algarve), regions and total area (IXa) of Portugal (XLSX 21 kb)
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Leitão, F., Baptista, V., Teodósio, M.A. et al. The role of environmental and fisheries multi-controls in white seabream (Diplodus sargus) artisanal fisheries in Portuguese coast. Reg Environ Change 16, 163–176 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10113-014-0726-5
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10113-014-0726-5