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Early infectious acute respiratory distress syndrome is characterized by activation and proliferation of alveolar T-cells

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Abstract

Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) in humans is characterized by the infiltration of polymorphonuclears in the alveolar spaces. However, the role of T-cells in ARDS is unknown. Our aim was to characterize the T-cell phenotype in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) during the early phase of acute lung infection(ALI)/ARDS-infected patients in comparison to a control group (CG). BAL lymphocyte phenotypes of two ALI, 16 ARDS, and eight CG were examined by flow cytometry. ALI/ARDS showed a significant increase in CD4 and CD8 T-cell activation as compared to CG. Moreover, a significant level of proliferation was observed using the Ki67 marker in ARDS patients as compared to controls (median): 37 versus 6 % for CD4 T-cells (p = 0.022) and 34 versus 2 % for CD8 T-cells (p = 0.009). In contrast, the percentage of T-regulatory cells and apoptotic T-cells were similar in both groups. Among costimulatory molecules, we observed an overexpression of CTLA-4/CD152 on CD4 T-cells in ALI/ARDS as compared to CG: 30 versus 7 %, respectively (p = 0.063). In further characterizing T-cell subsets expressing high levels of CD152, we found the presence of IL-17 secreting CD4 T-cells in ALI/ARDS. In humans, ALI/ARDS due to infection is associated with a high level of T-cell activation and proliferation, along with the presence of Th17 cells, which are known to attract polymorphonuclears.

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Acknowledgments

We thank medical doctors Sylvie Leroy, Fernand Macone, Michel Poudenx, Sabine Marco, Pierre Wolter, Rémi Lazdunski, Loic Bornard, Cécile Pereira, and Bernard Goubaux for their active participation to include patients in this study.

Conflict of interest

The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interests.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Infectiologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nice, Université de Nice Sophia Antipolis, Nice, France

    K. Risso, G. Kumar, F. Guillouet-de Salvador & P.-M. Roger

  2. Immunologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nice, Université de Nice Sophia Antipolis, Nice, France

    G. Kumar & M. Ticchioni

  3. Pneumologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nice, Université de Nice Sophia Antipolis, Nice, France

    C. Sanfiorenzo & C.-H. Marquette

  4. Réanimation Médicale, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nice, Université de Nice Sophia Antipolis, Nice, France

    J. Dellamonica & G. Bernardin

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  1. K. Risso
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  2. G. Kumar
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  3. M. Ticchioni
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  4. C. Sanfiorenzo
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  5. J. Dellamonica
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  6. F. Guillouet-de Salvador
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  7. G. Bernardin
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  8. C.-H. Marquette
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  9. P.-M. Roger
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Correspondence to G. Kumar.

Additional information

Karine Risso and Gaurav Kumar are first co-authors.

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Risso, K., Kumar, G., Ticchioni, M. et al. Early infectious acute respiratory distress syndrome is characterized by activation and proliferation of alveolar T-cells. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 34, 1111–1118 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10096-015-2333-x

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10096-015-2333-x

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