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Chronic Nitrogen Enrichment at the Watershed Scale Does Not Enhance Microbial Phosphorus Limitation

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Abstract

Increased N inputs through chronic atmospheric deposition has enriched temperate forest ecosystems, altering critical ecosystem functions such as decomposition and potentially resulting in a shift to P limitation. We used a combination of microbial biomass stoichiometry and enzymatic activity analyses to evaluate the potential for microbial nutrient limitation over the course of a growing season in response to multi-decadal, whole-watershed N enrichments and a one time, plot-scale P addition that occurred in the 22nd year of whole-watershed treatments. The one-time P addition increased microbial biomass threefold and reduced N-acetyl-glucosaminidase (NAG) and acid phosphatase (AP) activity 1 week after application, but there was no interaction with long-term experimental N enrichment to indicate a shift to P limitation. However, both N and P treatments increased C limitation independently of each other over the duration of the study based on measured increases in β-1,4-glucosidase (BG) activity relative to NAG and AP. Microbial biomass stoichiometry and enzyme activity indicated that BBWM is P limited regardless of N status. Our findings highlight the complex interactions between C, N, and P use and limitation in a forested ecosystem subjected to long-term N enrichment.

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Acknowledgements

We thank Cheryl Spencer for her invaluable assistance coordinating soil collection and processing. Derek Rothenheber, Tyler Coleman, and Nick Lawson were instrumental in acquiring biomass and enzyme assay data. Drs. Farrah Fatemi, Madeliene Mineau, and Thomas Parr provided guidance for optimizing the enzyme protocol. This research was funded by NSF DEB-1119709 and DEB-1056692 awarded to I.J.F., J.D.M, and K.S. Additional laboratory analyses were provided by the University of Maine Analytical Laboratory and Maine Soil Testing Service. We thank the 2 anonymous reviewers for their constructive and insightful feedback. This project was supported by the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture, Hatch project #ME0-41507. This is a Maine Agricultural and Forest Experiment Station Publication.

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Author notes

  1. CT performed research, analyzed data, contributed new methods or models, and wrote the paper; JDM conceived of or designed study; IJF conceived of or designed study; MCG performed research, contributed new methods or models; CJS performed research, contributed new methods or models; KSS conceived of or designed study, contributed new methods or models.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Biology and Ecology, University of Maine, 5751 Murray Hall, Orono, Maine, 04469, USA

    Corianne Tatariw

  2. Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Maine, 5711 Boardman Hall, Orono, Maine, 04469, USA

    Jean D. MacRae

  3. School of Forest Resources, University of Maine, 5755 Nutting Hall, Orono, Maine, 04469, USA

    Ivan J. Fernandez & Marie-Cécile Gruselle

  4. Orange County Environmental Protection Division, 3165 McCrory Place, Orlando, Florida, 32803, USA

    Cayce J. Salvino

  5. School of Environment, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, New Zealand

    Kevin S. Simon

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  1. Corianne Tatariw
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Correspondence to Jean D. MacRae.

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Tatariw, C., MacRae, J.D., Fernandez, I.J. et al. Chronic Nitrogen Enrichment at the Watershed Scale Does Not Enhance Microbial Phosphorus Limitation. Ecosystems 21, 178–189 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10021-017-0140-1

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