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Resorcinol-formaldehyde carbon spheres/polyaniline composite with excellent electrochemical performance for supercapacitors

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Abstract

Well-dispersed resorcinol-formaldehyde-based carbon spheres (RFCs) have been prepared by the polycondensation of resorcinol and formaldehyde with ammonia as catalyst and subsequent carbonization of the obtained polymer. In situ polymerization of the aniline occurred in the suspension of the RFC, and RFC was surrounded by the polyaniline (PANI) wires. The PANI and RFC hybrid network (PRFC) formed gradually. In a three-electrode mode, the specific capacitance (C sp) of PRFC reaches 315 F g−1 at a current density of 1 A g−1 in 2 M H2SO4, much higher than that of pure PANI (225 F g−1) and RFC (121.7 F g−1). Furthermore, the C sp of PRFC retains 80.0 % after 1000 charge-discharge processes at a current density of 5 Ag−1. The enhanced electrochemical performance of the PRFC came from its homogeneous three-dimensional hierarchical network structure, good electric conductivity of the PANI around the RFC, and the synergistic effect between the RFC and PANI.

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Acknowledgments

This study was supported by the first batch of Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province (ZR2015BM001) and the Doctoral Startup Foundation of Qilu University of Technology (12042826).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Materials Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology, Jinan, 250353, People’s Republic of China

    Mei Li, Shisen Xiang, Xiaoqing Chang & Chengshuai Chang

  2. Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Processing and Testing Technology of Glass and Functional Ceramics, Jinan, 250353, People’s Republic of China

    Mei Li

  3. Key Laboratory of Amorphous and Polycrystalline Materials, Qilu University of Technology, Jinan, 250353, People’s Republic of China

    Mei Li

  4. Western University Science Park, Daxue Road, 250353, Jinan, Shandong, People’s Republic of China

    Mei Li

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  1. Mei Li
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Correspondence to Mei Li.

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Li, M., Xiang, S., Chang, X. et al. Resorcinol-formaldehyde carbon spheres/polyaniline composite with excellent electrochemical performance for supercapacitors. J Solid State Electrochem 21, 485–494 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10008-016-3390-5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10008-016-3390-5

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