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Persistence of Porphyromonas gingivalis is a negative predictor in patients with moderate to severe periodontitis after nonsurgical periodontal therapy

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Abstract

Objectives

The aim of this study was to evaluate the quality of prediction for stable results after nonsurgical periodontal therapy by several microbiological variables of the subgingival biofilm and biomarkers of gingival crevicular fluid or oral lavage.

Material and methods

Forty-six individuals with moderate or severe chronic periodontitis receiving nonsurgical periodontal therapy were monitored for clinical variables, selected microorganisms, and biomarkers at baseline and 3 and 6 months thereafter. Logistic regression analysis and general linear model (GLM) were applied for analysis of variance and covariance.

Results

At 6 months, 20 patients showed a high response (HR) to treatment (at least 60 % of reduction of numbers of sites with PD >4 mm), whereas 26 did not (low response, LR). All clinical variables were significantly improved at 3 and 6 months within each group (p < 0.001, each compared with baseline). Modeling the impact of Porphyromonas gingivalis, Treponema denticola, and median of MMP-8 on to the response to treatment as continuous variables by GLM showed a significant influence of these variables (p = 0.045) with the strongest influence of P. gingivalis (p = 0.012) followed by T. denticola (p = 0.045) and no association with MMP-8 (p = 0.982). Samples tested positively for P. gingivalis decreased only in HR (3 months: p = 0.003; 6 months: p = 0.002). Calprotectin levels in GCF were lower in the HR group compared with the LR group at 3 months (p = 0.008) and at 6 months (p = 0.018).

Conclusion

Persistence of P. gingivalis combined with a high GCF level of calprotectin may have a negative predictive value on response to periodontal therapy.

Clinical relevance

Microbiological diagnostics for P. gingivalis before and 3 months after SRP may have a predictive value on response to periodontal therapy. The combination with MMP-8 in oral lavage or preferably calprotectin in GCF might give additional information.

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Acknowledgments

The authors are grateful to Stéphanie Larti, Anna Magdon, and Marianne Weibel (University of Bern, Department of Periodontology, Laboratory of Oral Microbiology) for the technical assistance.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Freiburgstrasse 7, 3010, Bern, Switzerland

    Sigrun Eick, Ayse Mathey, Anton Sculean & Christoph Ramseier

  2. Centre for Periodontology, Department of Cariology, Endodontology and Periodontology, University Hospital of Leipzig, Liebigstr. 12, 04103, Leipzig, Germany

    Karolin Vollroth, Martin Kramesberger & Holger Jentsch

  3. Ressort Research, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland

    Walter Bürgin

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  1. Sigrun Eick
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Correspondence to Sigrun Eick.

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The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Funding

The study was funded by the participating departments, by Hain Lifescience, Nehren, Germany, along with a grant from the European Commission (FP7-HEALTH-F3-2012-306029 “TRIGGER”).

Ethical approval

All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.

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Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.

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Eick, S., Mathey, A., Vollroth, K. et al. Persistence of Porphyromonas gingivalis is a negative predictor in patients with moderate to severe periodontitis after nonsurgical periodontal therapy. Clin Oral Invest 21, 665–674 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-016-1933-x

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