Abstract
Objectives
To histologically evaluate the effectiveness of a porcine derived collagen matrix (CM) and a subepithelial connective tissue graft (CTG) for coverage of localized gingival recessions.
Materials and methods
Chronic single Miller Class I-like recessions were created at the buccal at the canines and at the third and fourth premolars in the upper and lower jaws of six beagle dogs. The defects were randomly treated with (1) coronally advanced flap surgery (CAF) + CM, (2) CAF + CTG, or (3) CAF alone. At 12 weeks, histometric measurements were made, e.g., between a reference point (N) — and the gingival margin (GM) — and the outer contour of the adjacent soft tissue (gingival thickness [GT]).
Results
The postoperative healing was uneventful in all animals. No complications such as allergic reactions, abscesses or infections were noted throughout the entire study period. All three treatments resulted in coverage of localized gingival recessions. The histological analysis failed to identify any residues of CM or CTG. The histometric measurements revealed comparable outcomes for N-GM and GT values for all three groups (CAF + CM: 1.04 ± 0.69 mm/0.68 ± 0.33 mm; CAF + CTG: 1.15 ± 1.12 mm/0.76 ± 0.37 mm; CAF: 1.43 ± 0.45 mm/0.79 ± 0.24 mm).
Conclusions
In the used defect model, the application of CTG or CM in conjunction with CAF did not have an advantage over the use of CAF alone.
Clinical relevance
The use of CAF alone is a valuable option for the treatment localized Miller Class I recessions.
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Acknowledgments
We kindly appreciate the skills and commitment of Mr. Vladimir Golubovic and Mr. Thomas Kaiser (Department of Oral Surgery, Heinrich Heine University) in the preparation of the histological specimens. The study was funded by an unrestricted grant of the Osteology Foundation, Lucerne, Switzerland.
Conflict of interest
The authors declare that they have no conflict of interests related to this study.
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A. Sculean and I. Mihatovic contributed equally to this study and are considered joint first authors.
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Sculean, A., Mihatovic, I., Shirakata, Y. et al. Healing of localized gingival recessions treated with coronally advanced flap alone or combined with either a resorbable collagen matrix or subepithelial connective tissue graft. A preclinical study. Clin Oral Invest 19, 903–909 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-014-1299-x
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-014-1299-x