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Mechanical stress induces bone formation in the maxillary sinus in a short-term mouse model

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Abstract

Objectives

Clinicians occasionally face the challenge of moving a tooth through the maxillary sinus. The objective of this study was to evaluate tissue remodeling during tooth movement into the maxillary sinus, more specifically as regards to bone formation.

Materials and methods

The maxillary first molar of 20 male mice was moved toward the palatal side by a nickel–titanium super elastic wire for 1 to 14 days, and the bone remodeling around the root was evaluated using histomorphometry and immunodetection of bone-restricted Ifitm-like (Bril) protein, a novel marker of active bone formation.

Results

When mechanical stress was applied to the tooth, the periodontal ligament on the palatal side was immediately compressed to approximately half of its original width by the tipping movement of the tooth. At the same time, osteoblasts deposited new bone on the wall of the maxillary sinus prior to bone resorption by osteoclasts on the periodontal side, as evidenced by the high level of expression of Bril at this site. As a result of these sequential processes, bone on the sinus side maintained a consistent thickness during the entire observation period. No root resorption was observed.

Conclusions

Bone formation on the surface of the maxillary sinus was evoked by mechanotransduction of mechanical stress applied to a tooth over a 2-week period, and was induced ahead of bone resorption on the periodontal ligament side.

Clinical relevance

Mechanical stress can be exploited to induce bone formation in the maxillary sinus so that teeth can be moved into the sinus without losing bone or causing root damage.

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Acknowledgments

We extend our thanks Cynthia Török for the technical assistance. This study was supported by the Canadian Institutes of Health Research. Pierre Moffatt is supported by the Shriners of North America.

Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Institute of Health Biosciences, The University of Tokushima Graduate School, 3-18-15 Kuramoto-Cho, Tokushima, 770-8504, Japan

    Shingo Kuroda & Eiji Tanaka

  2. Laboratory for the Study of Calcified Tissues and Biomaterials, Department of Stomatology, Faculty of Dentistry, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada

    Rima Wazen & Antonio Nanci

  3. Shriners Hospital for Children, Montréal, QC, Canada

    Pierre Moffatt

Authors
  1. Shingo Kuroda
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  2. Rima Wazen
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  3. Pierre Moffatt
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  4. Eiji Tanaka
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  5. Antonio Nanci
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Shingo Kuroda.

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Kuroda, S., Wazen, R., Moffatt, P. et al. Mechanical stress induces bone formation in the maxillary sinus in a short-term mouse model. Clin Oral Invest 17, 131–137 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-012-0686-4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-012-0686-4

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