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Anästhesiologische Aspekte in der Gefäßmedizin

Anaesthetic aspects in vascular medicine

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Zusammenfassung

Gefäßchirurgische Patienten erfordern eine besondere perioperative Betreuung durch alle beteiligten Fachdisziplinen, weil die Gefäßveränderungen nur selten isoliert auftreten. Patienten mit einer pAVK weisen typische Merkmale und Begleiterkrankungen auf wie Hypercholesterinämie, arterieller Hypertonus, Diabetes mellitus, langjähriger inhalativer Tabakkonsum, männliches Geschlecht und eine positive Familienanamnese. Schlaganfall, Herzinfarkt sowie Durchblutungsstörungen der Beine und der Nieren sind Auswirkungen einer systemischen Gefäßerkrankung und haben damit einen direkten Einfluss auf das perioperative Risiko. Der gefäßchirurgische Patient ist deshalb häufig ein Patient mit erhöhtem Risiko und stellt an die perioperative Versorgung besondere Ansprüche. Der Anästhesist benötigt fundierte pathophysiologische Kenntnisse zu den jeweiligen Begleiterkrankungen, deren spezifischen Risiken und deren möglichen perioperativen Behandlungsoptionen.

Abstract

The vascular surgical patient is often a patient at increased risk and provides special perioperative care and requirements. Patients with peripheral arterial occlusive disease have concomitant diseases and characteristics such as hypercholesterolemia, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, longterm inhaled tobacco use, a male gender and a positive family history. Former cerebral ischaemia, heart attack and blood circulation problems in the legs and kidneys have a direct impact on the perioperative morbidity. For risk optimization the anaesthetist should have high theoretical and practical experience in the used anaesthetic techniques and a profound knowlege of the pathophysiological characteristics of the vascular procedures.

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Rath, T., Kerner, T. Anästhesiologische Aspekte in der Gefäßmedizin. Gefässchirurgie 18, 28–34 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00772-012-1109-1

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