Zusammenfassung
Das geothermische Warmwasserreservoir unterhalb der Kleinstadt Waiwera in Neuseeland ist seit vielen Jahrhunderten bei den Ureinwohnern, den Maori, bekannt. Die Nutzung durch die europäischen Einwanderer begann 1863. Bis in das Jahr 1969 waren die bis dahin abgeteuften Förderbohrungen für das warme Wasser artesisch. Ausgelöst durch eine Überproduktion muss das bis zu 50 °C heiße Wasser heute mit Pumpen gefördert werden. In den Jahren 1975 und 1976 kam es zusätzlich zum Versiegen der Warmwasserquellen am Strand von Waiwera. Im Rahmen einer nachhaltigen Wasserbewirtschaftung ist es notwendig, hydrogeologische Modelle einzusetzen. Unterschiedlich komplexe Ansätze wurden seit den 1980er-Jahren umgesetzt. Keines der Modelle liefert allerdings direkt alle für das Wassermanagement benötigten Ergebnisse. Es werden jeweils Antworten auf Teilaspekte gegeben, die das Ressourcenmanagement des geothermischen Reservoirs verbessern.
Abstract
The warm water geothermal reservoir below the village of Waiwera in New Zealand has been known by the native Maori for centuries. Development by the European immigrants began in 1863. Until the year 1969, the warm water flowing from all drilled wells was artesian. Due to overproduction, water up to 50 °C now needs to be pumped to surface. Further, between 1975 and 1976, all warm water seeps on the beach of Waiwera ran dry. Within the context of sustainable water management, hydrogeological models must be developed as part of a management plan. Approaches of varying complexity have been set-up and applied since the 1980s. However, none of the models directly provide all results required for optimal water management. Answers are given simply to parts of the questions, nonetheless improving resource management of the geothermal reservoir.
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Kühn, M., Altmannsberger, C. & Hens, C. Waiweras Warmwasserreservoir – Welche Aussagekraft haben Modelle?. Grundwasser 21, 107–117 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00767-016-0323-2
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00767-016-0323-2