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Eine Übersicht zu Methoden und Anwendungen der Validierung von Vulnerabilitätsbewertungen

Overview on methods and applications for the validation of vulnerability assessments

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Zusammenfassung

Vulnerabilitäts- bzw. Schutzfunktionskarten werden zur Einschätzung der Empfindlichkeit von Grundwasser gegenüber Schadstoffeinträgen seit einigen Jahrzehnten eingesetzt. Es sind im Laufe der Jahre eine Vielzahl unterschiedlichster Methoden mit unterschiedlichsten Herangehensweisen und resultierenden Informationsgehalten entwickelt worden. Insgesamt ergibt die Bewertung allerdings kein einheitliches Bild und verschiedene Vulnerabilitätsmethoden können durchaus zu abweichenden oder auch widersprüchlichen Ergebnissen führen. Dieser Beitrag stellt ausgewählte Ansätze vor, die Vulnerabilitätskarten verschiedener Bewertungskonzepte angewendet auf unterschiedlichen Größenskalen überprüfen. Die Ansätze zur Validierung werden erläutert und deren Vor- und Nachteile diskutiert. Es wird deutlich, dass die Validierung ein wichtiger Bestandteil der Vulnerabilitätskartierung ist und zu einer soliden Interpretationsgrundlage beiträgt.

Abstract

Groundwater vulnerability maps have been applied over the past several decades for assessing groundwater sensitivity to pollution. Many different methods with various approaches and associated information content have been developed over the years. However, application of different methods to the same areas may lead to different or even contradictive results that may render vulnerability mapping unreliable. This manuscript presents a selection of methods that have been applied to validate vulnerability mapping approaches with different boundary conditions at various scales. The validation approaches are explained and their advantages and disadvantages are discussed. A key result is that validation is an important part of vulnerability mapping and that it contributes to a sound interpretation.

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  1. Lehrstuhl für Ingenieurgeologie und Hydrogeologie, RWTH Aachen University, Lochnerstr. 4–20, 52064, Aachen, Deutschland

    Christoph Neukum

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Neukum, C. Eine Übersicht zu Methoden und Anwendungen der Validierung von Vulnerabilitätsbewertungen. Grundwasser 18, 15–24 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00767-012-0201-5

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