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Hereditäres kolorektales Karzinom

Effiziente Primärprävention

Hereditary colorectal cancer

Effective primary prevention

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Der Onkologe Aims and scope

Zusammenfassung

Genetisch definierte hereditäre kolorektale Karzinome (KRK) betreffen häufig junge Patienten sowie ihre Familien und machen etwa 3–5% aller KRK aus. Frühzeitiges Erkennen und klinisches Management determinieren die Prognose und liegen in der Verantwortung des Klinikers. Während die klassische familiäre adenomatöse Polypose (FAP) durch auffällige phänotypische Stigmata charakterisiert ist, zeigen sich für das Lynch-Syndrom, die attenuierte FAP (aFAP) und die MUTYH-assoziierte adenomatöse Polypose (MAP) phänotypische Überlappungen, die klinisch eine eindeutige Zuordnung erschweren. Der vorliegende Beitrag beleuchtet klinische Manifestationen, aktuelle Vorsorgekonzepte und präventive operative Strategien bei Patienten mit hereditären Tumorprädispositionssyndromen und ihren Familien.

Abstract

Genetically defined hereditary colorectal cancer affects mostly young patients and their families and accounts for approximately 3–5% of all colorectal cancers. Early detection and clinical management determine the prognosis and are the responsibility of clinicians. While the classical variant of familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) is characterized by a distinct phenotype, Lynch syndrome, attenuated FAP (aFAP) and MUTYH-associated adenomatous polyposis (MAP) show phenotypic overlaps which render unequivocal classification difficult. The present article elucidates the clinical manifestations, current surveillance concepts and preventive operative strategies in patients with hereditary tumor predisposition syndromes and their families.

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Notes

  1. MLH1: „mutL homolog 1, colon cancer, nonpolyposis type 2 (E. coli)“, MSH2: „mutS homolog 2, colon cancer, nonpolyposis type 1 (E. coli)“, PMS2: „PMS2 postmeiotic segregation increased 2 (S. cerevisiae)“.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Allgemein-, Viszeral- und Transplantationschirurgie, Chirurgische Universitätsklinik Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 110, 69120, Heidelberg, Deutschland

    M. Kadmon & M. Tariverdian

  2. Abteilung Angewandte Tumorbiologie, Pathologisches Institut, Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Deutschland

    M. Kloor

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  1. M. Kadmon
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  3. M. Tariverdian
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Correspondence to M. Kadmon.

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Kadmon, M., Kloor, M. & Tariverdian, M. Hereditäres kolorektales Karzinom. Onkologe 18, 207–215 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00761-011-2090-0

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