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Reactive oxygen species regulate programmed cell death progress of endosperm in winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) under waterlogging

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Abstract

Previous studies have proved that waterlogging stress accelerates the programmed cell death (PCD) progress of wheat endosperm cells. A highly waterlogging-tolerant wheat cultivar Hua 8 and a waterlogging susceptible wheat cultivar Hua 9 were treated with different waterlogging durations, and then, dynamic changes of reactive oxygen species (ROS), gene expressions, and activities of antioxidant enzymes in endosperm cells were detected. The accumulation of ROS increased considerably after 7 days of waterlogging treatment (7 DWT) and 12 DWT in both cultivars compared with control group (under non-waterlogged conditions), culminated at 12 DAF (days after flowering) and reduced hereafter. Waterlogging resulted in a great increase of H2O2 and O2 − in plasma membranes, cell walls, mitochondrias, and intercellular spaces with ultracytochemical localization. Moreover, the deformation and rupture of cytomembranes as well as the swelling and distortion of mitochondria were obvious. Under waterlogging treatment conditions, catalase (CAT) gene expression increased in endosperm of Hua 8 but activity decreased. In addition, Mn superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) gene expression and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity increased. Compared with Hua 8, both CAT, MnSOD gene expressions and CAT, SOD activities decreased in Hua 9. Moreover, ascorbic acid and mannitol relieve the intensifying of PCD processes in Hua 8 endosperm cells induced by waterlogging. These results indicate that ROS have important roles in the PCD of endosperm cells, the changes both CAT, MnSOD gene expressions and CAT, SOD activities directly affected the accumulation of ROS in two different wheat cultivars under waterlogging, ultimately led to the PCD acceleration of endosperm.

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Abbreviations

CAT:

Catalase

DAB:

3′,3′-Diaminobenzidine-HCl

DAF:

Days after flowering

DWT:

Days of waterlogging treatment

O2 − :

Superoxide radical

PCD:

Programmed cell death

ROS:

Reactive oxygen species

SOD:

Superoxide dismutase

NBT:

Azide-insensitive nitroblue tetrazolium

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by the National Natural Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 31171469 and 31471428).

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The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China

    Xiang-Xu Cheng, Min Yu, Nan Zhang, Zhu-Qing Zhou, Qiu-Tao Xu, Fang-Zhu Mei & Liang-Huan Qu

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  1. Xiang-Xu Cheng
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  2. Min Yu
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  3. Nan Zhang
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  4. Zhu-Qing Zhou
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Correspondence to Zhu-Qing Zhou.

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Cheng, XX., Yu, M., Zhang, N. et al. Reactive oxygen species regulate programmed cell death progress of endosperm in winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) under waterlogging. Protoplasma 253, 311–327 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00709-015-0811-8

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