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Culicoides sonorensis (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) is not a competent vector of Cache Valley virus (family Bunyaviridae, genus Orthobunyavirus)

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Abstract

We investigated the susceptibility of Culicoides sonorensis to Cache Valley virus (CVV) (family Bunyaviridae, genus Orthobunyavirus) infection and the potential that it could be a vector or site of virus reassortment. CVV is native to the New World and causes disease in livestock. Infected blood meals were fed to both a competent vector, Anopheles quadrimaculatus, and Culicoides sonorensis. All Anopheles mosquitoes were infected as expected, but only 21 % of the C. sonorensis insects were susceptible to infection. These appeared to present a midgut barrier, because virus persisted but did not disseminate. This means Culicoides sonorensis is not likely to be a vector of CVV but could be involved in viral reassortment. Schmallenberg virus (SBV) (family Bunyaviridae, genus Orthobunyavirus) was recently discovered in Europe and probably is a novel virus resulting from a reassortment of two orthobunyaviruses, and an ongoing epizootic in cattle and small ruminants has caused significant economic damage.

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Acknowledgments

We thank W. Yarnell, K. Bryant, L. DeBrey, J. Kempert, J. Cavender, and the WY State Veterinary Laboratory for assistance with insect colony maintenance, cell culture, and providing seed stock of CVV (isolate 98B7060). The use of trade names in this document does not constitute an official endorsement or approval of the use of such commercial hardware or software. Do not cite this document for advertisement. Distribution A: Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited, case number: 88ABW-2013-0095, 10 Jan 2013.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. US Air Force School of Aerospace Medicine PHR, 2510 5th Street, Wright-Patterson AFB, OH, 45433, USA

    Will K. Reeves

  2. Wyoming State Veterinary Laboratory, University of Wyoming, 1174 Snowy Range Road, Laramie, WY, 82070, USA

    Myrna M. Miller

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  1. Will K. Reeves
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  2. Myrna M. Miller
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Correspondence to Will K. Reeves.

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Reeves, W.K., Miller, M.M. Culicoides sonorensis (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) is not a competent vector of Cache Valley virus (family Bunyaviridae, genus Orthobunyavirus). Arch Virol 158, 2175–2177 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00705-013-1715-6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00705-013-1715-6

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