Abstract
Though it is recognized that meteorology has a great impact on the diffusion, accumulation and transport of air pollutants, few studies have investigated the impacts on different-sized particulate matter concentrations. We conducted a systematic comparative analysis and used the framework of generalized additive models (GAMs) to explore the influences of critical meteorological parameters, wind and precipitation, on PM2.5, PM10 and PM2.5–10 concentrations in Wuhan during 2013–2016. Overall, results showed that the impacts of wind and precipitation on different-sized PM concentrations are significantly different. The fine PM concentrations decreased gradually with the increase of wind speed, while coarse PM concentrations would increase due to dust resuspension under strong wind. Wind direction exerts limited influence on coarse PM concentrations. Wind speed was linearly correlated with log-transformed PM2.5 concentrations, but nonlinearly correlated with log-transformed PM10 and PM2.5–10 concentrations. We also found the PM2.5 and PM2.5–10 concentrations decreased by nearly 60 and 15% when the wind speed was up to 6 m/s, respectively, indicating a stronger negative impact of wind-speed on fine PM than coarse PM. The scavenging efficiency of precipitation on PM2.5–10 was over twice as high as on PM2.5. Our findings may help to understand the impacts of meteorology on different PM concentrations as well as discriminate and forecast variation in particulate matter concentrations.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Beaver S, Palazoglu A (2006) Cluster analysis of hourly wind measurements to reveal synoptic regimes affecting air quality. J Appl Meteorol Climatol 45:1710–1726. doi:10.1175/JAM2437.1
Blanco-Becerra LC, Gáfaro-Rojas AI, Rojas-Roa NY (2015) Influence of precipitation scavenging on the PM2.5/PM10 ratio at the Kennedy locality of Bogotá, Colombia. Revista Facultad de Ingeniería 2015:58–65. doi:10.17533/udea.redin.n76a07
Brauer M, Freedman G, Frostad J et al. (2016) Ambient Air Pollution Exposure Estimation for the Global Burden of Disease 2013. Environ Sci Technol 50:79–88. doi: 10.1021/acs.est.5b03709
Breheny P, Burchett W (2013) Visualizing regression models using visreg. http://myweb.uiowa.edu/pbreheny/publications/visreg.pdf. Accessed 26 July 2016
Camalier L, Cox W, Dolwick P (2007) The effects of meteorology on ozone in urban areas and their use in assessing ozone trends. Atmos Environ 41:7127–7137. doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2007.04.061
Chen Z, Cai J, Gao B et al. (2017) Detecting the causality influence of individual meteorological factors on local PM2.5 concentration in the Jing-Jin-Ji region. Sci Rep 7:40735. doi:10.1038/srep40735
Duhanyan N, Roustan Y (2011) Below-cloud scavenging by rain of atmospheric gases and particulates. Atmos Environ 45:7201–7217. doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2011.09.002
Elminir HK (2005) Dependence of urban air pollutants on meteorology. Sci Total Environ 350:225–237
Fang X, Zou B, Liu X, et al. (2016) Satellite-based ground PM2.5 estimation using timely structure adaptive modeling. Remote Sens Environ 186:152–163. doi:10.1016/j.rse.2016.08.027
Faraway JJ (2004) Linear models with R. Chapman and Hall, Boca Rotan
Goswami P, Baruah J (2011) Urban air pollution: process identification, impact analysis and evaluation of forecast potential. Meteorol Atmos Phys 110:103–122. doi:10.1007/s00703-010-0105-9
Greenfield SM (1957) Rain Scavenging Of Radioactive Particulate Matter From The Atmosphere. J Meteorol 14:115–125. doi:10.1175/1520-0469(1957)014<0115:RSORPM>2.0.CO;2
Guerra SA, Lane DD, Marotz GA et al (2006) Effects of wind direction on coarse and fine particulate matter concentrations in southeast Kansas. J Air Waste Manag Assoc 56:1525–1531. doi:10.1080/10473289.2006.10464559
Guo S, Hu M, Zamora ML et al (2014) Elucidating severe urban haze formation in China. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 111:17373–17378. doi:10.1073/pnas.1419604111
Guo LC, Zhang Y, Lin H et al (2016) The washout effects of rainfall on atmospheric particulate pollution in two Chinese cities. Environ Pollut 215:195–202. doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2016.05.003
Hastie T, Tibshirani R (1986) Generalized Additive Models. Stat Sci 1:297–310. doi:10.1214/ss/1177013604
Hien PD, Bac VT, Tham HC et al (2002) Influence of meteorological conditions on PM2.5 and PM2.5–10 concentrations during the monsoon season in Hanoi, Vietnam. Atmos Environ 36:3473–3484. doi:10.1016/S1352-2310(02)00295-9
Huang RJ, Zhang Y, Bozzetti C et al (2014) High secondary aerosol contribution to particulate pollution during haze events in China. Nature 514:218–222. doi:10.1038/nature13774
Huang F, Li X, Wang C et al (2015) PM2.5 spatiotemporal variations and the relationship with meteorological factors during 2013–2014 in Beijing, China. PLoS One 10:e0141642. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0141642
Jacob DJ, Winner DA (2009) Effect of climate change on air quality. Atmos Environ 43:51–63. doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2008.09.051
Jenks GF (1967) The data model concept in statistical mapping. Int Yearb Cartogr 7:186–190
Li L, Qian J, Ou CQ, et al. (2014) Spatial and temporal analysis of Air Pollution Index and its timescale-dependent relationship with meteorological factors in Guangzhou, China, 2001–2011. Environ Pollut 190, pp. 75–81, doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2014.03.020
Mccullagh P, Nelder J (1989) Generalized Linear Models, 2nd Edn. Chapman and Hall, London
McMaster R (1997) In Memoriam: George F. Jenks (1916–1996). Cartogr Geogr Inf Syst 24:56–59. doi:10.1559/152304097782438764
Ministry of Environmental Protection of China (2012) Ambient air quality standard GB 3095-2012. http://202.114.96.204/cache/2/03/mep.gov.cn/4889ca726e85bf683847c024ecd7dd8c/W020120410330232398521.pdf Accessed 12 June 2016
Ministry of Environmental Protection of China (2013) Technical specifications for installation and acceptance of ambient air quality continuous automated monitoring system for PM10 and PM25 HJ 655-2013. http://kjs.mep.gov.cn/hjbhbz/bzwb/dqhjbh/jcgfffbz/201308/W020130802492823718666.pdf. Accessed 12 June 2016
Mircea M, Stefan S, Fuzzi S (2000) Precipitation scavenging coefficient: influence of measured aerosol and raindrop size distributions. Atmos Environ 34:5169–5174
Nel A (2005) Atmosphere: enhanced: air pollution-related illness: effects of particles. Science 308:804–806. doi:10.1126/science.1108752
Nguyen M-V, Park G-H, Lee B-K (2017) Correlation analysis of size-resolved airborne particulate matter with classified meteorological conditions. Meteorol Atmos Phys 129:35–46. doi:10.1007/s00703-016-0456-y
Panchenko P (2006) Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. In: Statistics for Applications. MIT OpenCourseWare, Massachusetts, pp 83–90
Pateraki S, Asimakopoulos DN, Flocas HA et al (2012) The role of meteorology on different sized aerosol fractions (PM10, PM2.5, PM2.5–10). Sci Total Environ 419:124–135
Pearce JL, Beringer J, Nicholls N et al (2011) Quantifying the influence of local meteorology on air quality using generalized additive models. Atmos Environ 45:1328–1336. doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2010.11.051
Sakata M, Asakura K (2007) Estimating contribution of precipitation scavenging of atmospheric particulate mercury to mercury wet deposition in Japan. Atmos Environ 41:1669–1680. doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2006.10.031
Sugihara G, May R, Ye H, et al. (2012) Detecting causality in complex ecosystems. Sci 338:496–500. doi:10.1126/science.1227079
Tian G, Qiao Z, Xu X (2014) Characteristics of particulate matter (PM10) and its relationship with meteorological factors during 2001–2012 in Beijing. Environ Pollut 192:266–274. doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2014.04.036
Wang X, Zhang L, Moran MD (2010) Uncertainty assessment of current size-resolved parameterizations for below-cloud particle scavenging by rain. Atmos Chem Phys 10:5685–5705. doi:10.5194/acp-10-5685-2010
Wang F, Chen Q, Zhang WY et al (2014a) Effect of sand dust weather on major water-soluble ions in PM10 in Lanzhou, China. Environ Sci 35:2477–2482 (in Chinese)
Wang X, Zhang L, Moran MD (2014b) Bulk or modal parameterizations for below-cloud scavenging of fine, coarse, and giant particles by both rain and snow. J Adv Model Earth Syst 6:1301–1310. doi:10.1002/2014MS000392
Westervelt DM, Horowitz LW, Naik V et al (2016) Quantifying PM2.5-meteorology sensitivities in a global climate model. Atmos Environ 142:43–56. doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2016.07.040
Wood SN (2006) Generalized additive models: an introduction with R. Chapman and Hall, London
Xie S, Yu T, Zhang Y et al (2005) Characteristics of PM10, SO2, NO x and O3 in ambient air during the dust storm period in Beijing. Sci Total Environ 345:153–164. doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.013
Xiong Y, Zhou J, Schauer JJ, et al. (2017) Seasonal and spatial differences in source contributions to PM2.5 in Wuhan, China. Sci Total Environ 577, pp. 155–165, doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.10.150
Xu G, Jiao L, Zhao S, et al. (2016a) Examining the impacts of land use on air quality from a spatio-temporal perspective in Wuhan, China. Atmosphere (Basel) 7:62. doi:10.3390/atmos7050062
Xu G, Jiao L, Zhao S, Cheng J (2016b) Spatial and temporal variability of PM2.5 concentration in China. Wuhan Univ J Nat Sci 21, pp. 358–368, doi:10.1007/s11859-016-1182-5
Xu G, Jiao L, Zhang B et al (2017) Spatial and temporal variability of the PM2.5/PM10 ratio in Wuhan, Central China. Aerosol Air Qual Res 17:741–751. doi:10.4209/aaqr.2016.09.0406
Yanosky JD, Paciorek CJ, Laden F, et al. (2014) Spatio-temporal modeling of particulate air pollution in the conterminous United States using geographic and meteorological predictors. Env Heal 13:63. doi:10.1186/1476-069X-13-63
Zhang H, Wang Y, Hu J et al (2015) Relationships between meteorological parameters and criteria air pollutants in three megacities in China. Environ Res 140:242–254. doi:10.1016/j.envres.2015.04.004
Zhou W, Tie X, Zhou G, Liang P (2015) Possible effects of climate change of wind on aerosol variation during winter in Shanghai, China. Particuology 20:80–88. doi:10.1016/j.partic.2014.08.008
Acknowledgements
This study was funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 41571385) and LIESMARS Special Research Funding. The comments from the anonymous reviewers are also appreciated.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Responsible Editor: S.-W. Kim.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Zhang, B., Jiao, L., Xu, G. et al. Influences of wind and precipitation on different-sized particulate matter concentrations (PM2.5, PM10, PM2.5–10). Meteorol Atmos Phys 130, 383–392 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00703-017-0526-9
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00703-017-0526-9