Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Carbon nanoparticle modified screen printed carbon electrode as a disposable electrochemical immunosensor strip for the detection of Japanese encephalitis virus

  • Original Paper
  • Published:
Microchimica Acta Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The authors describe a disposable electrochemical immunosensor strip for the detection of the Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV). The assay is based on the use of a screen printed carbon electrode (SPCE) modified with carbon nanoparticles (CNPs) that were prepared from starch nanoparticles and deposited on the SPCE working electrode whose surface was functionalized with 3-aminopropyl triethoxysilane. Next, antibody of JEV was immobilized on the surfaces of the CNPs. The analytical performance of immunosensor strip was characterized using cyclic voltammetry (with hexacyanoferrate as the redox probe) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The deposition of CNPs enhances the electron transfer kinetics and current intensity of the SPCE by 63% compared to an unmodified SPCE. Under optimized conditions, the calibration plot is linear within the 5–20 ng·mL−1 JEV concentration range, the limit of detection being 2 ng·mL−1 (at an S/N ratio of 3), and the assay time is 20 min. This immunosensor strip was successfully applied to the detection of JEV in human serum samples. It represents a cost-effective alternative to conventional diagnostic tests for JEV.

A disposable carbon nanoparticles modified screen printed carbon electrode (SPCE) immunosensor strip for Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) detection is described. A limit of detection of 2 ng·mL−1 and an assay time of 20 min were achieved.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Misra UK, Kalita J (2010) Overview: Japanese encephalitis. Prog Neurobiol 91:108–120

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. Fischer M, Hills S, Staples E, Johnson B, Yaich M, Solomon T (2008) Japanese encephalitis prevention and control: advances, challenges, and new initiatives. Emerg Infect 8:93–124

    Google Scholar 

  3. Burke DS, Monath TP (2001) Flaviviruses. In: Howley PM, Knipe DM (eds) Fields virology. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Philadelphia, USA, pp. 1043–1126

    Google Scholar 

  4. Chow L, Yueh YY, Hwang YS, Lin TL, Wu YC, Horng CB (1996) Detection of IgM antibody to Japanese encephalitis virus infection by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi (Taipei) 58:1–6

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Swami R, Ratho RK, Mishra B, Singh MP (2008) Usefulness of RT-PCR for the diagnosis of Japanese encephalitis in clinical samples. Scand J Infect Dis 40:815–820

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Lee HJ, Min KI, Park KH, Choi HJ, Kim MK, Ahn CY, Hong YJ, Kim YB (2014) Comparison of JEV neutralization assay using pseudotyped JEV with the conventional plaque-reduction neutralization test. J Microbiol 52:435–440

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Gulati BR, Singha H, Singh BK, Virmani N, Kumar S, Singh RK (2012) Isolation and genetic characterization of Japanese encephalitis virus from equines in India. J Vet Sci 13:111–118

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Chen Z, Liao Y, Ke X, Zhou J, Chen Y, Gao L, Chen Q, Yu S (2011) Comparison of reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification, conventional PCR and real-time PCR assays for Japanese encephalitis virus. Mol Boil Rep 38:4063–4070

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Moreira FTC, Ferreira JMS, Puga JRT, Sales MGF (2016) Screen-printed electrode produced by printed-circuit board technology. Application to cancer biomarker detection by means of plastic antibody as sensing materials. Sensors Actuators B 223:927–935

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Piermarini S, Migliorelli D, Volpe G, Massoud R, Pierantozzi A, Cortese C, Palleschi G (2013) Uricase biosensor based on a screen printed electrode modified with Prussian blue for detection of uric acid in human blood serum. Sensors Actuators B 179:170–174

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Lien TTN, Takamura Y, Tamiya E, Vestergaard MC (2015) Modified screen printed electrode for development of a highly sensitive label-free impedimetric immunosensor to detect amyloid beta peptides. Anal Chim Acta 892:69–76

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Florea A, Taleat Z, Cristea C, Mazloum-Ardakani M, Săndulescu R (2013) Label free MUC1 aptasensors based on electrodeposition of gold nanoparticles on screen printed electrodes. Electrochem Commun 33:127–130

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Lu BW, Chen WC (2006) A disposable glucose biosensor based on drop-coating of screen printed carbon electrodes with magnetic nanoparticles. J Magn Magn Mater 304:e400–e402

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Talarico D, Arduini F, Amin A, Moscone D, Palleschi G (2015) Screen-printed electrode modified with carbon black nanoparticles for phosphate detection by measuring the electroactive phosphomolybdate complex. Talanta 141:267–272

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Erden A, Eksin E, Congur G (2015) Indicator-free electrochemical biosensor for microRNA detection based on carbon nanofibers modified screen printed electrode. J Electroanal Chem 755:167–173

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Li F, Mei L, Li Y, Zhao K, Chena H, Wu P, Hua Y, Cao S (2011) Facile fabrication of magnetic gold electrode for magnetic beads-based electrochemical immunoassay: application to the diagnosis of Japanese encephalitis virus. Biosens Bioelectron 26:4253–4256

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Huy TQ, Hanh NTH, Thuy NT, Chung PV, Nga PT, Tuan MA (2011) A novel biosensor based on serum antibody immobilization for rapid detection of viral antigens. Talanta 86:271–277

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Huy TQ, Hanh NTH, Chung PV, Anh DD, Nga PT, Tuan MA (2011) Characterization of immobilization methods of antiviral antibodies in serum for electrochemical biosensors. Appl Surf Sci 257:7090–7095

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. Tran QH, Nguyen THH, Mai AT, Nguyen TT, Vu QK, Ohan TN (2012) Development of electrochemical immunosensors based on different serum antibody immobilization methods for detection of Japanese encephalitis virus. Adv Nat Sci: Nanosci Nanotechnol 3:015012

    Google Scholar 

  20. Cardosa MJ, Wang SM, Sum MSH, Tio PH (2002) Antibodies against prM protein distinguish between previous infection with dengue and Japanese encephalitis viruses. BMC Microbiol 2:9

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. Chin SF, Pang SC, Tay SH (2011) Size controlled synthesis of starch nanoparticles by a simple nanoprecipitation method. Carbohydr Polym 86:1817–1819

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. Yazid SNAM, Chin SF, Pang SC, Ng SM (2013) Detection of Sn(II) ions via quenching of the fluorescence of carbon nanodots. Microchim Acta 180:137–143

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. Rezaei B, Saghebdoust M, Sorkhe AM, Majidi N (2011) Generation of a doxorubicin immunosensors based on a specific monoclonal antibody-nanogold-modified electrode. Electrochim Acta 56:5702–5706

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. Prasad KS, Chuang MC, Ho JAA (2012) Synthesis, characterization, and electrochemical applications of carbon nanoparticles derived from castor oil soot. Talanta 88:445–449

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. Kayal S, Ramanujan RV (2010) Doxorubicin loaded PVA coated iron oxide nanoparticles for targeted drug delivery. Mater Sci Eng C 30:484–490

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. Wu Z, Zhang B, Yan B (2009) Regulation of enzyme activity through interactions with nanoparticles. Int J Mol Sci 10:4198–4209

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. Fan DH, Niu DJ, Huang KJ (2010) Simultaneous determination of adenine and guanine in DNA based on carboxylic acid functionalized graphene. Sensors Actuators B. doi:10.1016/j.snb.2010.03.023

    Google Scholar 

  28. Rastogi V, Yadav P, Bhattacharya SS, Mishta AK, Verma N, Verma A, Pandit JK (2014) Carbon nanotubes: an emerging drug carrier for targeting cancer cells. J Drug Deliv 2014:670815. doi:10.1155/2014/670815

    Article  Google Scholar 

  29. Zheng D, Vashist SK, Dykas MM, Saha S, Al-Rubeaan K, Lam E, Luong JHT, Sheu FS (2013) Graphene versus multi-walled carbon nanotubes for electrochemical glucose Biosensing. Materials 6:1011–1027

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  30. Vashist SK, Schneider EM, Lam E, Hrapovic S, Luong JHT (2014) One-step antibody immobilization-based rapid and highly-sensitive sandwich ELISA procedure for potential in vitro diagnostics. Nature 4:1–7

    Google Scholar 

  31. Randviir EP, Metter JP, Stainton J, Banks CE (2012) Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy versus cyclic voltammetry for the electroanalytical sensing of capsaicin utilizing screen printed carbon nanotube electrodes. Analyst 138:2970

    Article  Google Scholar 

  32. Sharma A, Matharu Z, Sumana G, Solanki PR, Kim CG, Malhotra BD (2010) Antibody immobilized cysteamine functionalized-gold nanoparticles for aflatoxin detection. Thin Solid Films 519:1213–1218

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  33. Chu VT, Tran QH, Nguyen VH, Mai AT, Tran T (2013) Polyaniline nanowires-based electrochemical immunosensor for label free detection of Japanese encephalitis virus. Anal Lett 46:1229–1240

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

Financial support by Ministry of Higher Education (MOHE) through Fundamental Research Grant Scheme (FRGS), Grant no. FRGS/STG05(01)/960/2013(01) and MyBrain15 (MyMaster) Programme as well as Universiti Malaysia Sarawak Zamalah for graduate scholarship were gratefully acknowledged.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Resource Science and Technology, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, 94300, Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia

    Suk Fun Chin, Lih Shan Lim & Suh Cem Pang

  2. Institute of Health and Community Medicine, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, 94300, Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia

    Magdline Sia Henry Sum & David Perera

Authors
  1. Suk Fun Chin
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Lih Shan Lim
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Suh Cem Pang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Magdline Sia Henry Sum
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. David Perera
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Suk Fun Chin.

Ethics declarations

The author(s) declare that they have no competing interests.

Electronic supplementary material

ESM 1

(DOC 608 kb)

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Chin, S.F., Lim, L.S., Pang, S.C. et al. Carbon nanoparticle modified screen printed carbon electrode as a disposable electrochemical immunosensor strip for the detection of Japanese encephalitis virus. Microchim Acta 184, 491–497 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00604-016-2029-7

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00604-016-2029-7

Keywords

Search

Navigation