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Voltammetric determination of paracetamol using a glassy carbon electrode modified with Prussian Blue and a molecularly imprinted polymer, and ratiometric read-out of two signals

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Abstract

The authors report on a ratiometric electrochemical sensor for paracetamol (PR) which was fabricated by successively electropolymerizing a layer of Prussian blue (PB) and a layer of molecularly imprinted polypyrrole (MIP) on the surface of a glassy carbon electrode (GCE). The binding of PR molecules to the MIP has two effects: The first is an increase of the oxidation current for PR at 0.42 V (vs. SCE), and the second is a decrease in the current for PB (at 0.18 V) due to partial blocking of the channels which results in reduced electron transmissivity. Both currents, and in particular their ratio, can serve as analytical information. Under optimized conditions, the sensor displays enhanced sensitivity for PR in the 1.0 nM to 0.1 mM concentration range and a 0.53 nM lower limit of detection. The sensor was applied to the determination of PR in tablets and urines where it gave recoveries in the range between 94.6 and 104.9 %. This dual-signal (ratiometric) detection scheme (using electropolymerized Prussian Blue and analyte-specific MIP) in our perception has a wide scope in that it may be applied to numerous other electroactive species for which specific MIP can be made available.

Prussian blue (PB) and molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) were combined to fabricate an electrochemical sensor for paracetamol (PR) detection. The ratio of both currents, increase of PR current and decrease of PB current, was employed for PR selective detection with enhanced sensitivity.

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Acknowledgments

We greatly appreciate the support of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (21575003), Anhui Provincial Natural Science Foundation for Young Program (11040606Q35).

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  1. College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, 241000, People’s Republic of China

    Yunlong Dai, Xueyan Li, Xiaojing Lu & Xianwen Kan

  2. The Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education; Anhui Laboratory of Molecule-Based Materials, Anhui Key Laboratory of Chemo-Biosensing, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, 241000, People’s Republic of China

    Yunlong Dai, Xueyan Li, Xiaojing Lu & Xianwen Kan

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Correspondence to Xianwen Kan.

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Dai, Y., Li, X., Lu, X. et al. Voltammetric determination of paracetamol using a glassy carbon electrode modified with Prussian Blue and a molecularly imprinted polymer, and ratiometric read-out of two signals. Microchim Acta 183, 2771–2778 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00604-016-1926-0

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00604-016-1926-0

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