Abstract
Background
Many previous studies have focused on the postoperative complication of postoperative knee pain, infection, knee prosthesis loosening, periprosthetic fractures, and so on. There have been few studies focused on postoperative ecchymosis formation surrounding the wound of the TKA site. A certain degree of effect on the early functional recovery of the patients may occur due to the mental stress caused by the ecchymosis, which raises doubts regarding the success of the surgery. Therefore, it is particularly important to understand the risk factors for postsurgical ecchymosis formation after TKA, and specific measures for preventing ecchymosis should be taken. In this study, we reviewed the record of patients who received TKAs in our hospital, and a comprehensive analysis and assessment was conducted regarding 15 clinical factors causing postsurgical ecchymosis formation.
Methods
The records of 102 patients who received unilateral TKAs between January 2007 and May 2010 were retrospectively analyzed. Patients were divided into two groups based on the occurrence of ecchymosis.
Results
Of the 102 patients, 14 (13.7%) developed ecchymosis. Blood transfusion and drainage catheter clamping during the first few postoperative hours had a significant impact on the development of ecchymosis (p < 0.05). There was no difference in age, BMI, operation time, pre- and postoperative platelet count, and length of postoperative anticoagulant therapy between the two groups. Multivariate logistic regression revealed major risk factors for ecchymosis were postoperative blood transfusion (odds ratio (OR) = 15.624) and drainage catheter clamping (OR 14.237) (both, p < 0.05).
Conclusion
Blood transfusion and drainage catheter clamping after TKA due to excessive blood suction were associated with higher risks for ecchymosis formation surrounding the surgical site.
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Acknowledgments
This project was supported by a grant from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NO. 30872615).
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No benefits in any form have been or will be received from a commercial party related directly or indirectly to the subject of this manuscript.
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Yan Kang and Zi-ji Zhang contributed equally to this work.
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Kang, Y., Zhang, Zj., Fu, M. et al. Blood transfusion and drainage catheter clamping are associated with ecchymosis formation at the surgical site after total knee arthroplasty: an analysis of 102 unilateral cases. Eur J Orthop Surg Traumatol 23, 219–224 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00590-012-0958-3
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00590-012-0958-3