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Development of a new assessment tool for cervical myelopathy using hand-tracking sensor: Part 2: normative values

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Abstract

Purpose

To set a baseline measurement of the number of hand flexion–extension cycles and analyse the degree of motion in young healthy individuals, measured by leap motion controller (LMC), besides describing gender and dominant hand differences.

Methods

Fifty healthy participants were asked to fully grip-and-release their dominant hand as rapidly as possible for a maximum of 3 min or until subjects fatigued, while wearing a non-metal wrist splint. Participants also performed a 15-s grip-and-release test. An assessor blindly counted the frequency of grip-and-release cycles and magnitude of motion from the LMC data.

Results

The mean number of the 15-s G–R cycles recorded by LMC was: 47.7 ± 6.5 (test 1, LMC); and 50.2 ± 6.5 (test 2, LMC). In the 3-min test, the total number of hand flexion–extension cycles and the degree of motion decreased as the person fatigued. However, the decline in frequency preceded that of motion’s magnitude. The mean frequency of cycles per 10-s interval decreased from 35.4 to 26.6 over the 3 min. Participants reached fatigue from 59.38 s; 43 participants were able to complete the 3-min test.

Conclusions

Normative values of the frequency of cycles and extent of motion for young healthy individuals, aged 18–35 years, are provided. Future work is needed to establish values in a wider age range and in a clinical setting.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Academic Orthopaedics, Trauma and Sports Medicine, Queen’s Medical Centre, The University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2UH, UK

    M. Abdulhadi Alagha

  2. Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences College, University of Glasgow, Dental Hospital, Glasgow, G2 3JZ, UK

    Mahmoud A. Alagha

  3. Centre for Spinal Studies and Surgery, Queen’s Medical Centre, Nottingham, NG7 2UH, UK

    Eleanor Dunstan & Bronek M. Boszczyk

  4. VRmed Ltd., Rosewood House, Radcliffe on Trent, Nottingham, NG12 2BQ, UK

    Olaf Sperwer

  5. School of Sport and Exercise Science, University of Lincoln, Lincoln, LN6 7TS, UK

    Kate A. Timmins

Authors
  1. M. Abdulhadi Alagha
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  2. Mahmoud A. Alagha
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  3. Eleanor Dunstan
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  4. Olaf Sperwer
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  5. Kate A. Timmins
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  6. Bronek M. Boszczyk
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Bronek M. Boszczyk.

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Conflict of interest

The authors declared no conflict of interest.

Ethical approval

Obtained by The University of Nottingham.

Ethics reference no.

F12032015 SoM Spinal Surg.

Funding

The study was funded by Nottingham University Hospitals (Spine Research). Bbraun and VRmed supported the design of the software. The companies had no role in the design, interpretation or reporting of the study.

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Supplementary material 1 (DOCX 395 kb)

Supplementary material 2 (DOCX 428 kb)

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Alagha, M.A., Alagha, M.A., Dunstan, E. et al. Development of a new assessment tool for cervical myelopathy using hand-tracking sensor: Part 2: normative values. Eur Spine J 26, 1298–1304 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00586-017-4949-2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00586-017-4949-2

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