Skip to main content
Log in

Porphyry molybdenum deposits in the Tianshan–Xingmeng orogenic belt, northern China

  • Original Paper
  • Published:
International Journal of Earth Sciences Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Molybdenum (Mo) exploration activity in China has increased tremendously over the past decade, and China is now known to have the largest Mo reserves in the world. The Tianshan–Xingmeng orogenic belt, the second largest Mo metallogenic belt, possesses over 8.2 Mt of Mo reserves. Porphyry Mo deposits contain 99 % of the Mo reserves in the Tianshan–Xingmeng orogenic belt; other Mo deposits contain 1 % of the Mo reserves. Five subtypes of the porphyry Mo deposits can be distinguished by deposit associations, such as Mo, Mo–Cu, Mo–W, Mo–Pb–Zn–Ag, and Cu–Mo deposits. These porphyry Mo deposits are formed at different stages: during the Ordovician, Devonian, Carboniferous, Late Permian, Triassic, Jurassic, and Cretaceous Periods. The polystage porphyry Mo mineralizations indicate that polystage tectonic–magmatic activity occurred in the orogenic belt. The Ordovician–Carboniferous porphyry Cu–Mo deposits are formed in an island-arc setting; the Late Permian porphyry Mo deposits are formed in a syn-collisional tectonic setting; and the Triassic porphyry Mo deposits are formed in a syn-collisional to post-collisional tectonic setting. The Ordovician–Triassic porphyry deposits are related to the Paleo-Asian Ocean tectonic system. The Jurassic porphyry Mo deposits are formed at the eastern margin of the Asian continent and are associated with a Paleo-Pacific plate-subduction tectonic setting. Cretaceous porphyry Mo deposits are formed in a lithospheric thinning setting and are related to the rollback of the Paleo-Pacific subduction plate.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10
Fig. 11
Fig. 12
Fig. 13
Fig. 14
Fig. 15
Fig. 16
Fig. 17
Fig. 18
Fig. 19
Fig. 20

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Berley ME, Groves DI (1992) Supercontinent cycles and the distribution of metal deposits through time. Geology 20:291–294

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Boynton WV (1984) Cosmochemistry of rare earth elements: meteorite studies. In: Henderson P (ed) Rare earth element geochemistry. Elsevier, Amsterdam, pp 63–114

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Buslov MM, Safonova IYu, Watanabe T, Obut OT, Fujiwara Y, Iwata K, Semakov NN, Sugai Y, Smirnova LV, Kazansky AYu, Itaya T (2001) Evolution of the Paleo-Asian Ocean (Altai-Sayan Region, Central Asia) and collision of possible Gondwana-derived terranes with the southern marginal part of the Siberian continent. Geosci J 5:203–224

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cai MH, Peng ZA, Qu WJ, He ZY, Feng G, Liu SQ, Xu M, Chen Y (2011) Geological characteristics and Re–Os dating of molybdenites in Chagandeersi molybdenum deposit, western Inner Mongolia. Miner Depos 30(3):377–384 (in Chinese with English abstract)

    Google Scholar 

  • Chen B, Jahn BM, Tian W (2009) Evolution of the Solunker suture zone: constraints from zircon U-Pb ages, Hf isotopic ratios and whole-rock Nd–Sr isotope compositions of subduction and collision-related magmas and forearc sediments. J Asian Earth Sci 34:245–257

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Chen ZG, Zhang LC, Lu BZ, Li ZL, Wu HY, Xiang P, Huang SW (2010a) Geochronology and geochemistry of the Taipingchuan copper-molybdenum deposit in Inner Mongolia, and its geological significances. Acta Petrol Sin 26(5):1437–1449 (in Chinese with English abstract)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Chen WJ, Liu JM, Liu HT, Sun XG, Zhang RB, Zhang ZL, Qin F (2010b) Geochronology and fluid inclusion study of the Jiguanshan porphyry Mo deposit, Inner Mongolia. Acta Petrol Sin 26(5):1423–1436 (in Chinese with English abstract)

    Google Scholar 

  • Chen XH, Yang N, Ye BY, Chen ZL (2011) Tectonic system and its control on metallogenesis in western Junggar as part of the Central Asia multi-core metallogenic system. Geotectonica et Metallogenia 35(3):325–338 (in Chinese with English abstract)

    Google Scholar 

  • Chen J, Sun FY, Pan T (2012a) Geological features of Huojihe molybdenum deposit in Heilongjiang, and geochronology and geochemistry of mineralized granodiorite. J Jilin Univ (Earth Science Edition) 42(Sup. 1):207–215 (in Chinese with English abstract)

    Google Scholar 

  • Chen YJ, Zhang C, Li N, Yang YF, Deng K (2012b) Geology of the Mo deposits in northeast China. J Jilin Univ (Earth Science Edition) 42(5):1223–1268 (in Chinese with English abstract)

    Google Scholar 

  • Ci Z, Zhang ZG, Jia LJ, Gou XJ, Sun QR, Hou WR (2011) The discovery of the Manitu-Chaganhua large-size Mo–Bi–W mineralized district, Inner Mongolia, and its geological significance. Acta Geosci Sin 31(3):466–468

    Google Scholar 

  • Davis GA, Xu B, Zheng YD, Zhang WJ (2004) Indosinian extension in the Solonker suture zone: the Sonid Zuoqi metamorphic core complex, Inner Mongolia, China. Earth Sci Front 11:135–144

    Google Scholar 

  • Dill HG (2010) The “chessboard” classification scheme of mineral deposits: mineralogy and geology from aluminum to zirconium. Earth Sci Rev 100:1–420

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dobretsov NL, Berzin NA, Buslov M (1995) Opening and tectonic evolution of the Paleo-Asian Ocean. Int Geol Rev 37:335–360

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dong YG, Xing HX, Gao WH, Ding RF, Zhou G, Zhang CL (2010) Tectonic evolution and metallogenesis of the Altay metallogenic belt. Miner Depos 29(Sup.):1–2 (in Chinese)

    Google Scholar 

  • Donskaya TV, Gladkochub DP, Mazukabzov AM, Ivanov AV (2013) Late Paleozoic–Mesozoic subduction-related magmatism at the southern margin of the Siberian continent and the 150 million-year history of the Mongol-Okhotsk Ocean. J Asian Earth Sci 62:79–97

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Du Q, Zhao YM, Lu BG, Ma DY, Li PL, Lv JK, Li WS, Ao ZL, Guo G (1988) Geology of Duobaoshan porphyry copper deposit. Geological Publishing House, Beijing (in Chinese with English abstract)

    Google Scholar 

  • Du Q, Ma XY, Han CM, Li ZY, Jiang XL (2010) Genetic discussion on porphyry copper deposit. Geological Publishing House, Beijing (in Chinese)

    Google Scholar 

  • Fu YL, Huang XF (2005) Exploration forecast and suggestions on Yezhugou molybdenum deposit. China Sci Technol Inf (10): 128 (in Chinese)

  • Gao YS, Wu WQ, Han SJ (2010) Geological features and genesis of Dongfengbeishan molybdenum deposit in Tianbaoshan. Jilin Geology 29(4):43–53 (in Chinese with English abstract)

    Google Scholar 

  • Gao J, Klemd R, Qian Q, Zhang X, Li JL, Jiang T, Yang YQ (2011) The collision between the Yili and Tarim blocks of the Southwestern Altaids: geochemical and age constraints of a leucogranite dike crosscutting the HP–LT metamorphic belt in the Chinese Tianshan Orogen. Tectonophysics 499:118–131

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Groves D, Bierlein FP (2007) Geodynamic settings of mineral deposit systems. J Geol Soc 164:19–30

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Groves DI, Condie KC, Goldfarb RJ, Hronsky JMA, Vielreicher RM (2005) Secular changes in global tectonic processes and their influence on the temporal distribution of gold-bearing mineral deposits. Econ Geol 100:203–244

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Groves DI, Bierlein FP, Meinert LD, Hitzman MW (2010) Iron oxide copper-gold (IOCG) deposits through earth history: implications for origin, lithospheric setting, and distinction from other epigenetic iron oxide deposits. Econ Geol 105:641–654

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Han QJ, Shao JA, Zhou R (2000) Petrology, geochemistry and petrogenesis of Early Mesozoic diorites in Harqin area, Inner Mongolia. Acta Petrol Sin 16(3):385–391 (in Chinese with English abstract)

    Google Scholar 

  • He SP, Zhou HW, Yao WG, Fu LP (2004) Discovery and significance of radiolaria from Middle Devonian conglomerate in Beishan area, Gansu. Northwest Geol 37(3):24–28 (in Chinese with English abstract)

    Google Scholar 

  • He C, Li SY, Gao HX, Wang HB (2010) The ore-forming geologicsl conditions of the Cuihongshan skarn Fe polymetal deposit, Heilongjiang province. Jilin Geol 29(3):56–59 (in Chinese with English abstract)

    Google Scholar 

  • Hou WR, Nie FJ, Jiang SH, Bai DM, Liu Y, Yun F, Liu YF (2010) The geology and ore-forming mechanism of the Tsagaan suvarga large-size CuMo porphyry deposit in Mongolia. Acta Geosci Sin 31(3):307–320 (in Chinese with English abstract)

    Google Scholar 

  • Isozaki Y, Maruyama S, Fukuoka F (1990) Accreted oceanic materials in Japan. Tectonophysics 181:179–205

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Isozaki Y, Aoki K, Nakama T, Yanai S (2010) New insight into a subduction-related orogen: a reappraisal of the geotectonic framework and evolution of the Japanese Islands. Gondwana Res 18:82–105

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Jahn BM, Wu FY, Chen B (2000a) Masssive granitoid generation in central Asia: Nd isotopic evidence and implication for continental growth in the Phanerozoic. Episodes 23:82–92

    Google Scholar 

  • Jahn BM, Wu FY, Hong DW (2000b) Important crustal growth in the Phanerozoic: isotopic evidence of granitoids from east central Asia. Proc Indian Acad Sci (Earth Planet Sci) 109(1):5–20

    Google Scholar 

  • Jenchuraeva RJ (1997) Tectonic setting of porphyry-type mineralization and hydrothermal alteration in Paleozoic island arcs and active continental margins, Kyrghyz Range, (Tien Shan) Kyrghyzstan. Miner Depos 32:434–440

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Jia ZY, Xue CJ, Qu WJ, Zhao Q, Zhang Q (2011) Geology, S, Pb, O and H isotopic compositions and Re–Os chronology of Kendenggaoer Cu–Mo deposit. Xinjiang Miner Depos 30(1):74–86 (in Chinese with English abstract)

    Google Scholar 

  • Jiang SH, Nie FJ, Su YJ, Bai DM, Liu YF (2010) Geochronology and origin of the erdenet superlarge Cu–Mo deposit in Mongolia. Acta Geosci Sin 31(3):289–306 (in Chinese with English abstract)

    Google Scholar 

  • Jin YF, Liu FY, Lang WM (2007) Geologic features and prospecting direction of the Sancha Mo deposit, Yanbian area. Jilin Geol 26(3):22–28 (in Chinese with English abstract)

    Google Scholar 

  • Kröner A, Windley BF, Badarch G, Tomurtogoo O, Hegner E, Jahn BM, Gruschka S, Khain EV, Demoux A, Wingate MTD (2007) Accretionary growth and crust-formation in the Central Asian Orogenic Belt and comparison with the Arabian-Nubian shield. In Hatcher Jr RD, Carlson MP, McBride JH, Catalan JM (eds) The 4-D framework of the continental crust—integrating crustal processes through time: Geological Society of America Memoir 200:181–209

  • Li HY (2013) Geological characteristics and prospecting direction of the Sujia Fe–Zn deposit. Heilongjiang province. Master thesis, Jilin University, 1–72 (in Chinese with English abstract)

  • Li HQ, Wu H, Chen FW, Deng G, Yanh HM, Yang ZF, Mei YP, Guo J (2005) Isotopic chronological evidence for Yanshanian diagenetic mineralization in Baishan rhenium–molybdenum mine, E.Tianshan Mountains. Acta Geol Sin 79(2):249–255 (in Chinese with English abstract)

    Google Scholar 

  • Li HQ, Wang DH, Wan Y, Qu WJ, Zhang B, Lu YF, Mei YP, Zou SL (2006) Isotopic geochronology study and its significance of the Laisigaoer Cu–Mo deposit, Xinjiang. Acta Petrol Sin 22(10):2437–2443

    Google Scholar 

  • Li JY, Gao LM, Sun GH, Li YP, Wang YB (2007) Shuangjingzi middle Triassic syn-collisional crust-derived granite in the east Inner Mongolia and its constraint on the timing of collision between Siberian and Sino-Korean paleo-plates. Acta Petrol Sin 23(3):565–582 (in Chinese with English abstract)

    Google Scholar 

  • Li WB, Chen YJ, Lai Y, Ji JQ (2008) Metallogenic time and tectonic setting of the Bainaimiao Cu–Au deposit, Inner Mongolia. Acta Petrol Sin 24(4):890–898 (in Chinese with English abstract)

    Google Scholar 

  • Li XP, Jiao LX, Zheng QD, Dong X, Kong FM, Song ZJ (2009a) U-Pb zircon dating of the Heilongjiang complex at Huanan, Heilongjiang Province. Acta Petrol Sin 25(8):1909–1916 (in Chinese with English abstract)

    Google Scholar 

  • Li LX, Song QH, Wang DH, Wang CH, Qu WJ, Wang ZG, Bi SY, Yu C (2009b) Re–Os isotopic dating of molybdenite from the Fuanpu molybdenum deposit of Jilin province and discussion on its metallogenesis. Rock Miner Anal 28(3):283–287 (in Chinese with English abstract)

    Google Scholar 

  • Li ZM, Huang HL, Zhang Z, Zhou LY, Li JQ, Wang HW (2010) The exploration report of the Dongshanwan polymetal deposit in Balinzuoqi, Inner Mogolia. No. 243 Geological Team, National Nuclear Industry Geology Bureau, Chifeng, pp 1–57 (in Chinese)

    Google Scholar 

  • Li WB, Zhong RC, Xu C, Song B, Qu WJ (2012) U-Pb and Re–Os geochronology of the Bainaimiao Cu–Mo–Au deposit, on the northern margin of the North China Craton, Central Asia Orogenic Belt: implications for ore genesis and geodynamic setting. Ore Geol Rev 48:139–150

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lin W, Faure M, Monie P, Scharer U, Panis D (2008) Mesozoic extensional tectonics in Eastern margin of Eurasia Continent, the case study of South-Liaodong peninsula dome, NE China. J Geol 116:134–154

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Liu W, Yang JH, Li CF (2003) Thermochronology of three major faults in the Chifeng area, Inner Mongolia of China. Acta Petrol Sin 19(4):717–725 (in Chinese with English abstract)

    Google Scholar 

  • Liu JL, Davis GA, Lin ZY, Wu FY (2005) The Liaonan metamorphic core complex, Southeastern Liaoning Province, North China: a likely contributor to Cretaceous rotation of Eastern Liaoning, Korea and contiguous areas. Tectonophysics 407:65–80

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Liu C, Zhao ZH, Guo ZJ (2006) Chronology and geochemistry of lamprophyre dykes from Beishan area, Gansu province and implications for the crust–mantle interaction. Acta Petrol Sin 22(5):1294–1306 (in Chinese with English abstract)

    Google Scholar 

  • Liu W, Pan XF, Xie LW, Li H (2007) Sources of material for the Linxi granitoids, the southern segment of Great Xingan Range: when and how continental crust grew? Acta Petrol Sin 23(2):442–460 (in Chinese with English abstract)

    Google Scholar 

  • Liu JF, Chi XG, Dong CY, Zhao Z, Li GR, Zhao YD (2008) Discovery of Early Paleozoic granites in the eastern Xiao Hinggan Mountains, northeastern China and their tectonic significance. Geol Bull China 27(4):534–544 (in Chinese with English abstract)

    Google Scholar 

  • Liu YL, Guo LS, Song HX, Song B, Zhang R, Xu FJ, Zhang YX (2009) Geochronology of Baogutu porphyry copper deposit in Western Junggar area, Xinjiang of China. Sci China (Ser D) 52(10):1543–1549 (in Chinese)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Liu L, Yang YC, Yang ZW (2010a) Geological and geochemical characteristics of Kanchuangou Mo–Cu deposit in Muling of Heilongjiang. Glob Geol 29(3):413–418 (in Chinese with English abstract)

    Google Scholar 

  • Liu YF, Nie FJ, Jiang SH, Xue J, Hou WR, Yun F (2010b) The geochronology and geochemical features of ore-hosting granite in the Aryn nuur Molybdenum deposit, Mongolia. Acta Geosci Sin 31(3):343–349 (in Chinese with English abstract)

    Google Scholar 

  • Liu YF, Nie FJ, Sun ZJ, Hou WR, Lu KP, Zhang K, Liu Y (2011) Discovery of Chalukou super large scale molybdenum polymetallic deposit, Northern Daxinganling Mountain, China, and its significance. Miner Depos 30(4):759–764 (in Chinese with English abstract)

    Google Scholar 

  • Liu YF, Nie FJ, Jiang SH, Ci Z, Zhang ZG, Xiao W, Zhnag K, Liu Y (2012) Ore-forming granites from Chaganhua molybdenum deposit, Central Inner Mongolia, China: geochemistry, geochronology and petrogenesis. Acta Petrol Sin 28(2):409–420 (in Chinese with English abstract)

    Google Scholar 

  • Liu J, Mao JW, Wu G, Wang F, Luo DF (2013) Hu YQ (2013) Zircon U-Pb and molybdenite Re–Os dating of the Chalukou porphyry Mo deposit in the northern Great Xing’an Range, China and its geological significance. J Asian Earth Sci. doi:10.1016/j.jseaes.2013.06.020

    Google Scholar 

  • Luo MJ, Zhang FM, Dong JY, Xu YR, Li SM, Li KH (1991) Molybdenum deposits in China. Henan Science and Technology Publishing House, Zhengzhou (in Chinese)

    Google Scholar 

  • Mao JW, Pirajno F, Xiang JF, Gao JJ, Ye HS, Li YF, Guo BJ (2011) Mesozoic molybdenum deposits in the east Qinling-Dabie orogenic belt: characteristics and tectonic settings. Ore Geol Rev 43(1):264–293

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Maruyama Sh, Isozaki Yu, Kimura G, Terabayashi M (1997) Paleogeographic maps of the Japanese Islands: plate tectonic synthesis from 750 Ma to the present. Island Arc 6(1):121–142

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Meyer C (1988) Ore deposits as guides to geologic history of Earth. Annu Rev Earth Planet Sci 16:147–171

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mu BL, Yan GH (1992) Geochemistry of Triassic alkaline or subalkaline igneous complexes in the Yan-Liao area and their significance. Acta Geol Sin 66(2):108–121 (in Chinese with English abstract)

    Google Scholar 

  • Mu BL, Shao JA, Chu ZY, Yan GH, Qiao GS (2001) Sm–Nd age and Sr, Nd isotopic characteristics of the Fangshan potassic alkaline ultramafic-syenite complex in Hebei province, China. Acta Petrol Sin 17(3):358–365 (in Chinese with English abstract)

    Google Scholar 

  • Natal’in BA (1993) History and models of Mesozoic accretion in southeastern Russia. Island Arc 2:12–34

    Google Scholar 

  • Natal’in BA, Borukayev CB (1991) Mesozoic sutures in the southern Far East of USSR. Geotectonics 25:64–74

    Google Scholar 

  • Nie XL, Hou WR (2010) The discovery of the Diyanqinamu large-size Mo–Ag deposit, Inner Mongolia, and its geological significance. Acta Geosci Sin 31(3):469–472 (in Chinese with English abstract)

    Google Scholar 

  • Nie FJ, Pei RF, Wu LS (1995) Nd- and Sr-isotope study on greenschist and granodiorite of the Bainaimiao district, Inner Mongolia, China. Acta Geosci Sin 1:36–44 (in Chinese with English abstract)

    Google Scholar 

  • Nie FJ, Jiang SH, Zhao XM, Bai DM, Liu Y, Zhao YM, Wang XL, Su XX (2002) Geological features and metallogenic type of the Liushashan gold (molybdenum) deposit in Ejina Qi, Western Inner Mongolia. Geol Geochem 30(1):1–7 (in Chinese with English abstract)

    Google Scholar 

  • Nie FJ, Qu WJ, Liu Y, Du AD, Jiang SH (2005) Re–Os isotopic age dating of molybdenite separates from Elegen porphyry Mo (Cu) mineralized area, northwestern Alashan, western Inner Mongolia. Miner Depos 24(6):638–646 (in Chinese with English abstract)

    Google Scholar 

  • Nie FJ, Jiang SH, Bai DM, Hou WR, Liu YF (2010) Types and temporal–spatial distribution of metallic deposits in southern Mongolia and its neighboring areas. Acta Geosci Sin 31(3):267–288

    Google Scholar 

  • Nie FJ, Sun ZJ, Li C, Liu YF, Lu KP, Zhang K, Zhang Y, Jiang SH (2011) Re–Os isotopic dating of molybdenite separates from Chalukou porphyry Mo polymetallic deposit in Heilongjiang Province. Miner Depos 30(5):828–836 (in Chinese with English abstract)

    Google Scholar 

  • Pan GT, Xiao QH, Lu SN, Deng JF, Feng YM, Zhang KX, Zhang ZY, Wang FG, Xing GF, Hao GJ, Feng YF (2009) Subdivision of tectonic units in China. Geol in China 36(1):1–28 (in Chinese with English abstract)

    Google Scholar 

  • Peng ZA, Li HH, Zhang SQ, Zhang SQ, Ding HJ, Chen XR, Zhang B, Zhang YZ, Xu M, Cai MH (2010) Geochemical characteristics of Mo-mineralized granite in the Xiaohulishan deposit, Beishan area, Inner Mongolia. Geol Explor 46(2):291–298 (in Chinese with English abstract)

    Google Scholar 

  • Qin KZ, Li HM, Li WS, Shunso I (1999) Intrusion and mineralization ages of the Wunugetushan porphyry Cu–Mo deposit, Inner Mongolia, northwestern China. Geol Rev 45(2):180–185 (in Chinese with English abstract)

    Google Scholar 

  • Qu X, Xu XW, Liang GL, Qu WJ, Du SJ, Jiang N, Wu HP, Zhang Y, Xiao H, Dong LH (2009) Geological and geochemical characteristics of the Mengxi Cu–Mo deposit and its constraint to the tectonic setting of the Qiongheba magmatic arc in eastern Junggar, Xijiang. Acta Petrol Sin 25(4):765–776 (in Chinese with English abstract)

    Google Scholar 

  • Ren ZH, Xu F, Qin HK (2012) Geological characteristics of tungsten–molybdenum deposit in Dongshanwan of Inner Mongolia and support of different engineering samples during exploration. Miner Resour Geol 26(4):350–353 (in Chinese)

    Google Scholar 

  • Safonova IY (2009) Intraplate magmatism and oceanic plate stratigraphy of the Paleo-Asian and Paleo-Pacific Oceans from 600 to 140 Ma. Ore Geol Rev 35:137–154

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Safonova I, Santosh M (2014) Accretionary complexes in the Asia-Pacific region: tracing archives of ocean plate stratigraphy and tracking mantle plumes. Gondwana Res 25:126–158

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Safonova IY, Utsunomiya A, Kojima S, Nakae S, Tomurtogoo O, Filippov AN, Koizumi K (2009) Pacific superplume-related oceanic basalts hosted by accretionary complexes of Central Asia, Russian Far East and Japan. Gondwana Res 16:587–608

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Safonova I, Seltmann R, Kroener A, Gladkochub D, Schulmann K, Xiao W, Kim T, Komiya T, Sun M (2011) A new concept of continental construction in the Central Asian Orogenic Belt (compared to actualistic examples from the Western Pacific). Episodes 34:186–194

    Google Scholar 

  • Seltmann R, Soloviev S, Shatov V, Pirajno F, Naumov E, Cherkasov S (2010) Metallogeny of siberia: tectonic, geologic and metallogenic settings of selected significant deposits. Aust J Earth Sci 57:655–706

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Seltmann R, Mike Poter T, Pirajno F (2014) Geodynamics and metallogeny of the central Eurasian porphyry and related epithermal mineral systems: a review. J Asian Earth Sci 79:810–841

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Shao JA, Mu BL, Zhang LQ (2000) Deep geological process and its shallow response during Mesozoic transfer of tectonic frameworks in eastern North China. Geol Rev 46(1):32–40 (in Chinese with English abstract)

    Google Scholar 

  • Shao JA, Zhang LQ, Mu BL, Han QJ (2007) Upwelling of Da Hinggan Mountains and its geodynamic background. Geological Publishing House, Beijing, pp 1–250 (in Chinese)

    Google Scholar 

  • Shao J, Yang HZ, Jia B, Peng MS (2012) Geological characteristics and ore-forming age of Luming Mo deposit in Heilongjiang province. Miner Depos 31(6):1301–1310 (in Chinese with English abstract)

    Google Scholar 

  • Shen CL, Zhang M, Yu XQ, Chen WG, Gao WY, Zhou WC (2010) New progresses in exploration of molybdenum deposits and analysis of mineralization prospect in Inner Mongolia. Geol Explor 46(4):561–575 (in Chinese with English abstract)

    Google Scholar 

  • Shi ZY, Zhou ZH, Wang YZ (2008) Applied result of geochemical exploration of large-middle Mo deposits in the central part of Jilin province. Jilin Geol 27(2):62–65 (in Chinese)

    Google Scholar 

  • Shi ZY, Wang YZ, Meng GC, Yu HW, Liu XB, Shi YS (2010) Geological features and exploring ore process of the Jidetun molybdenum deposit, Shulan, Jilin province. Jilin Geol 29(1):62–65 (in Chinese)

    Google Scholar 

  • Sillitoe RH (2000) Gold-rich porphyry deposits: Descriptive and genetic models and their role in exploration and discovery: In: Hagemann SG, Brown PE (eds) Gold in 2000: Review Economic Geology 13:315–345

  • Song HX, Liu YL, Qu WJ, Song B, Zhang R, Zhang Y (2007) Geological characteristics of Baogutu porphyry copper deposit in Xinjiang, NW China. Acta Petrol Sin 23(8):1981–1988 (in Chinese with English abstract)

    Google Scholar 

  • Sun SS, McDonough WF (1989) Chemical and isotopic systematics of oceanic basalts; implications for mantle composition and processes. In: Magmatism in the ocean basins. Saunders AD and Norry MJ (Editors), Geological Society of London, London 42:313–345

  • Sun JG, Zhang Y, Xing SW, Zhao KQ, Zhang ZJ, Bai LA, Ma YB, Liu YS (2012) Genetic types, ore-forming age and geodynamic setting of endogenic molybdenum deposits in the eastern edge of Xing–Meng orogenic belt. Acta Petrol Sin 28(4):1317–1332 (in Chinese with English abstract)

    Google Scholar 

  • Sun Y, Liu JM, Zeng QD, Chu SX, Zhou LL, Wu GB, Gao YY, Shen WJ (2013) Geological characteristics and molybdenite Re–Os ages of the Baituyingzi Mo–Cu field, eastern Inner Mongolia and their geological implications. Acta Petrol Sin 29(1):242–254 (in Chinese with English abstract)

    Google Scholar 

  • Tan G, Chang GW, She HQ, Li JW, Zhang DQ, Yang YC, Zhang B, Xiang AP, Tong YJ (2010) Re–Os isotopic age of molybdenites in Wunugetushan porphyry Cu–Mo deposit, Inner Mongolia. Miner Depos 29(Sup.):505–508 (in Chinese)

    Google Scholar 

  • Tan HY, Shu GL, Lu JC, Han RP, Zhang S, Kou LL (2012) LA–ICP MS zircon U-Pb age and molybdenite Re–Os dating for the Luming large-scale molybdenum deposit in Xiao Hinggan mountains and its geological implication. J Jilin Univ (Earth Science Edition) 42(6):1757–1770 (in Chinese with English abstract)

    Google Scholar 

  • Tang KD (1992) Tectonic evolution and minerogenetic regularities of the fold belt along the northern margin of Sino-Korean plate. Peking University Press, Beijing, pp 1–277 (in Chinese with English abstract)

    Google Scholar 

  • Tang GJ, Wang Q, Zhao ZH, Wyman DA, Chen HH, Jia XH, Jiang ZQ (2009) Geochronology and geochemistry of the ore-bearing porphyries in the Baogutu area (western Junggar): petrogenesis and their implications for tectonics and Cu–Au mineralization. Earth Sci J China Univ Geosci 34(1):56–74 (in Chinese with English abstract)

    Google Scholar 

  • Tang KD, Shao JA, Li YF (2011) Songnen Massif and its research significance. Earth Sci Front 18(3):57–65 (in Chinese with English abstract)

    Google Scholar 

  • Tao JX, Wang T, Cheng ZH, Luo ZZ, Xu LQ, Hao XY, Cui LW (2009) The Re–Os isotopic dating of molybdenite from the Wulandele molybdenum–copper polymetallic deposit in Sonid Zuoqi of Inner Mongolia and its geological significance. Rock Miner Anal 28(3):249–253

    Google Scholar 

  • Tu GZ (1993) The New progress of the earth science in Northern Xinjiang. Science Publishing House, Beijing, pp 1–546 (in Chinese)

    Google Scholar 

  • Wakita K, Metcalfe I (2005) Ocean plate stratigraphy in East and Southeast Asia. J Asian Earth Sci 24:679–702

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wang DZ, Zhao GT, Qiu JS (1995) The tectonic constraint on the late Mesozoic A-type granitoids in eastern China. Geol J China Univ 1(2):13–21 (in Chinese with English abstract)

    Google Scholar 

  • Wang T, Hong DW, Jahn BM, Tong Y, Wang YB, Han BF, Wang XX (2006a) Timing, petrogenesis, and setting of Paleozoic synorogenic intrusions from the Altai Mountains, Northwest China: implications for the tectonic evolution of an accretionary orogen. J Geol 114:735–751

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wang KL, Bao YH, Zhang YC, Liu XB (2006b) The geologic features and genesis of the Huolongling Mo deposit, Huadian, Jilin province. Jilin Geol 25(3):11–14 (in Chinese with English abstract)

    Google Scholar 

  • Wang T, Jahn BM, Kovachet VP, Tong Y, Hong DW, Han BF (2009a) Nd–Sr isotopic mapping of the Chinese Altai and implications for continental growth in the Central Asian Orogenic Belt. Lithos 110(1/4):359–372

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wang SW, Wang JG, Zhang D, Qi XJ, Wu GG, Zhao PZ, Yang ZF, Liu YB (2009b) Geochronological study on Taipinggou molybdenum deposit in Da Hinggan mountain. Acta Petrol Sin 25(11):2913–2923 (in Chinese with English abstract)

    Google Scholar 

  • Wang CH, Song QH, Wang DH, Li LC, Yu C, Wang ZG, Qu WJ, Du AD, Ying LJ (2009c) Re–Os isotopic dating of molybdenite from the Daheishan molybdenum deposit of Jilin province and its geological significance. Rock Miner Anal 28(3):269–273 (in Chinese with English abstract)

    Google Scholar 

  • Wang T, Tong Y, Li S, Zhang JJ, Shi XJ, Li JY, Han BF, Hong DW (2010a) Spatial and temporal variations of granitoids in the Altay orogen and their implications for tectonic setting and crustal growth: perspectives from Chinese Altay. Acta Petrol Mineral 29(6):595–618 (in Chinese with English abstract)

    Google Scholar 

  • Wang YW, Wang JB, Wang SL, Long LL, Wang LJ, Pu KX, Wang SD, Tang PZ (2010b) Geological chacteristics and genesis of the Xilekuduke CuMo deposit, Xinjiang. Xinjiang Geol 28(4):370–376 (in Chinese with English abstract)

    Google Scholar 

  • Wang H, Ren YS, Zhao HL, Ju N, Qu WJ (2011a) Re–Os dating of molybdenite from the Liushengdian molybdenum deposit in Antu area of Jilin Province and its geological significance. Acta Geosci Sin 32(6):707–715 (in Chinese with English abstract)

    Google Scholar 

  • Wang H, Ren YS, Hou HN (2011b) Genesis and ore-forming time of the Dashihe molybdenum deposit in Yanbian area, Jilin Province. Acta Mineral Sin 31(supl.):96–97 (in Chinese)

    Google Scholar 

  • Watabae Y, Stein J (2000) Re–Os ages for the Erdenet and Tsagaan Suvarga porphyry Cu–Mo deposits, Mongolia, and tectonic implications. Econ Geol 95:15–37

    Google Scholar 

  • Wei ZJ, Huang ZB, Jin X, Sun YJ, Huo JC (2004) Geological characteristics of ophiolite migmatitic complex of Hong-shishan region, Gansu. Northwest Geol 37(2):13–18 (in Chinese with English abstract)

    Google Scholar 

  • Wilde SA, Dorsett-Bain HL, Liu JL (1997) The identification of a Late Pan-African granulite facies event in Northeastern China: SHRIMP U–Pb zircon dating of the Mashan group at Liu Mao, Heilongjiang Province, China. In: Proceedings of the 30th IGC: 17, Precambrian geology and metamorphic petrology, VSP International Science Publishers, Amsterdam, pp 59–74

  • Wilde SA, Wu FY, Zhang XZ (2003) Late Pan-African magmatism in northeastern China: SHRIMP U-Pb zircon evidence for igneous ages from the Mashan complex. Precambr Res 122:311–327

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Windley BF, KrÊner A, Guo JH, Qu G, Li Y, Zhang C (2002) Neoproterozoic to palaeozoic geology of the Altai orogen, NW China: new zircon age data and tectonic evolution. J Geol 110:719–737

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wu FY, John BM, Wilde SA, Sun DY (2000) Phanerozoic continental crustal growth: U-Pb and Sr–Nd isotopic evidence from the granites in northeastern China. Tectonophysics 328:89–113

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wu FY, Sun DY, Li HM, Jahn BM, Wilde SA (2002) A-type granites in northeastern China: age and geochemical constraints on their petrogenesis. Chem Geol 187:143–173

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wu FY, Wilde SA, Zhang GL, Sun DY (2004) Geochronology and petrogenesis of the post-orogenic Cu–Ni sulfide-bearing mafic ultramafic complexes in Jilin Province, NE China. J Asian Earth Sci 23:781–797

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wu FY, Zhao GC, Lo CH, Wilde SA, Sun DY, Jahn BM (2007) The Hulan Group: its role in the evolution of the Central Asian Orogenic Belt of NE China. J Asian Earth Sci 30:542–556

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wu FY, Sun DY, Ge WC, Zhang YB, Grant ML, Wilde SA, Jahn BM (2011) Geochronology of the Phanerozoic granitoids in northeastern China. J Asian Earth Sci 41:1–30

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Xiao WJ, Santosh M (2014) The western Central Asian Orogenic Belt: a window to accretionary orogenesis and continental growth. Gondwana Res 25:1429–1444

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Xiao WJ, Windley BF, Hao J, Zhai MG (2003) Accretion leading to collision and the Permian Solonker suture, Inner Mongolia, China: termination of the central Asian orogenic belt. Tectonics 22(6):1–20

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Xiao WJ, Pirajno F, Seltmann R (2008) Geodynamics and metallogeny of the Altaid orogeny. J Asian Earth Sci 32:77–81

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Xiao WJ, Windley BJ, Yuan C, Sun M, Han CM, Lin SF, Chen HL, Yan QR, Liu DY, Qin KZ, Li JL, Sun S (2009) Paleozoic multiple subduction-accretion processes of the southern Altaids. Am J Sci 309(3):221–270

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Xiao WJ, Huang BC, Han CM, Sun S, Li JL (2010) A review of the western part of the Altaids: a key to understanding the architecture of accretionary orogens. Gondwana Res 18:253–273

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Xiao WJ, Windley BF, Allen MB, Han CM (2013) Paleozoic multiple accretionary and collisional tectonics of the Chinese Tianshan orogenic collage. Gondwana Res 23:1316–1341

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Xu GZ, Bian QT, Wang YF (1998) Tectonic evolution and metallization of the Erguna orogenic belt. Sci Geol Sin 33(1):84–92 (in Chinese with English abstract)

    Google Scholar 

  • Xue J, Nie FJ, Dai TG, Peng ES, Liu YF (2010) Re–Os Isotopic Dating of Molybdenite from the Aryn nuur Mo Deposit in Mongolia and Its Geological Implications. Acta Geosci Sin 31(3):350–356 (in Chinese with English abstract)

    Google Scholar 

  • Yang ZW, Song JT, Dong CT, Zhao QQ (2005) The geologic character and sign in explore of Jinchanggou Cu–Mo deposits in Heilongjiang province. Gold Sci Technol 13(4):27–31 (in Chinese with English abstract)

    Google Scholar 

  • Yang HQ, Li Y, Yang JG, Li WM, Yang LH, Zhao GB, Ye GJ, Zhao YQ, Zhao JG, Shen CL, Wang XL, Su XX (2006) Main metallogenic characteristics in the Beishan orogeny. Northwest Geol 39(2):78–95 (in Chinese with English abstract)

    Google Scholar 

  • Yang JQ, Wang XQ, Liu DS, Kong HQ, Liu HP (2007) Division and characters of geotectonic unit of Heilongjiang Province. Glob Geol 26(4):426–435 (in Chinese with English abstract)

    Google Scholar 

  • Yang QH, Wang CJ, Zhao MY (2008) Geological characteristics and prospecting indicators of the Sangedingzi molybdenum-zinc deposit in Jilin province. Jilin Geol 30(1):70–74

    Google Scholar 

  • Yang JG, Yan HY, Ren YX, Wang XH, Xie CL, Li L (2010a) Metallogenic regularity and prospecting direction of the porphyry copper (molybdenum, gold) in Bashan region. Miner Depos 29(Supl.):313–314

    Google Scholar 

  • Yang FQ, Yan SH, Liu GR (2010b) Geological characteristics and metallogenesis of porphyry copper deposits in Junggar. Xinjiang. Miner Depos 79(2):956–971 (in Chinese with English abstract)

    Google Scholar 

  • Yang BS, Chen GK, Yang DJ (2011) Geological features of the Houdaomu molybdenum deposit. Jilin Geol 30(1):70–74 (in Chinese)

    Google Scholar 

  • Yang ZH, Wang JP, Liu JJ, Wang SG, Wang QY, Kang SG, Zhang JX, Zhao Y (2013) Isotope geochemistry of the Wurinitu W-Mo deposit in Sunid Zuoqi, Inner Mongolia, China. Geoscience 27(1):13–23

    Google Scholar 

  • Yu CB (2011) Mineralogy characteristics and genesis of Wudaoling molybdenum deposit. Nonferrous Metal (Mine Part) 63(1):30–33 (in Chinese with English abstract)

    Google Scholar 

  • Zeng QD, Liu TB, Shen YC (2001) The Tanlu fault zone and gold ore metallogenesis in eastern China. Int Geol Rev 43:176–190

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zeng CH, Wu DJ, Xia WB, Wang WG, Cao W (2002) Metallogenic regularity and prospect of gold deposits of Beishan mineralization belt. Xinjiang Geol 20(3):219–223

    Google Scholar 

  • Zeng QD, Liu JM, Shen YC, Shen P, Li GM (2007a) Geology and Geochemistry of the Buerkesidai and Kuoerzhenkuola Gold Deposits in the Sawuershan Region, Xinjiang Uigur Autonomous Region, NW China. Resour Geol 57:313–324

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zeng QD, Liu TB, Shen YC, Li GM, Shen P (2007b) Geochemical features of sulfur and lead isotopes and their geological implications for orogenic gold deposits in Buergen area, southeastern margin of the Altay Mountain. Acta Petrol Sin 23(8):2017–2025 (in Chinese with English abstract)

    Google Scholar 

  • Zeng QD, Liu JM, Zhang ZL, Chen WJ, Qin F, Zhang RB, Yu WB, Zhang XH, Zhai MG (2009a) Mineralizing types, geological characteristics and geodynamic background of molybdenum deposits in Xilamulun molybdenum polymetal metallogenic belt on northern margin of North China craton. Acta Petrol Sin 25(5):1225–1238 (in Chinese with English abstract)

    Google Scholar 

  • Zeng QD, Liu JM, Zhang ZL, Qin F, Chen WJ, Zhang RB, Yu CM, Ye J (2009b) Ore forming time of the Jiguanshan Porphyry molybdenum deposit, north margin of North China Craton and the Indosinian mineralization. Acta Petrol Sin 25:393–398 (in Chinese with English abstract)

    Google Scholar 

  • Zeng QD, Liu JM, Zhang ZL (2010a) Re–Os geochronology of porphyry molybdenum deposit in south segment of Da Hinggan Mountains, northeastern China. J Earth Sci 21:390–401

    Google Scholar 

  • Zeng QD, Liu JM, Qin F, Zhang ZL (2010b) Geochronology of the Xiaodonggou porphyry Mo deposit in northern margin of North China Craton. Resour Geol 60(2):192–202

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zeng QD, Liu JM, Zhang ZL, Chen WJ, Zhang WQ (2011a) Geology and geochronology of the Xilamulun molybdenum metallogenic belt in eastern Inner Mongolia, China. Int J Earth Sci 100(8):1791–1809

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zeng QD, Liu JM, Yu CM, Ye J, Liu HT (2011b) Metal deposits in the Da Hinggan Mountains, NE China: styles, characteristics, and exploration potential. Int Geol Rev 53(7):846–878

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zeng QD, Liu JM, Chu SX, Wang YB, Sun Y, Duan XX, Zhou LL (2012a) Mesozoic molybdenum deposits in the East Xingmeng orogenic belt, northeast China: characteristics and tectonic setting. Int Geol Rev 54(16):1843–1869

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zeng QD, Liu JM, Xiao WJ, Chu SX, Wang YB, Duan XX, Sun Y, Zhou LL (2012b) Mineralizing types, geological characteristics and geodynamic background of Triassic molybdenum deposits in the northern and southern margins of North China Craton. Acta Petrol Sin 28(2):357–371 (in Chinese with English abstract)

    Google Scholar 

  • Zeng QD, Liu JM, Qin KZ, Fan HR, Chu SX, Wang YB, Zhou LL (2013a) Types, characteristics, and time–space distribution of molybdenum deposits in China. Int Geol Rev 55(11):1311–1358

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zeng QD, Sun Y, Duan XX, Liu JM (2013b) U-Pb and Re–Os geochronology of the Haolibao porphyry Mo–Cu deposit, NE China: implications for a Late Permian tectonic setting. Geol Mag 150(6):975–985

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zeng QD, Chu SX, Wang YB, Liu JM, Sun Y, Duan XX, Zhou LL, Qu WJ (2014a) Re–Os and U–Pb geochronology of the Duobaoshan porphyry Cu–Mo–(Au) deposit, northeast China, and its geological significance. J Asian Earth Sci 79:895–909

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zeng QD, Sun Y, Chu SX, Duan XX, Liu JM (2014b) Geochemistry and geochronology of the Dongshanwan porphyry Mo–W deposit, Northeast China: implications for the Late Jurassic tectonic setting. J Asian Earth Sci. doi:10.1026/j.jseaes.2014.07.27

    Google Scholar 

  • Zhai MG (2013) The main old lands in China and assembly of Chinese unified continent. Sci China Earth Sci. doi:10.1007/s11430-013-4665-7

    Google Scholar 

  • Zhai DG, Liu JJ, Wang JP, Peng RM, Wang SG, Li SX, Chang ZY (2009) Re–Os isotopic chronology of molybdenite from the Taipinggou porphyry-type molybdenum deposit in Inner Mongolia and its geological significance. Geoscience 23(2):262–268 (in Chinese with English abstract)

    Google Scholar 

  • Zhang SJ (2009) Analysis on the prospecting potentiality and ore-forming geological conditions in Tieli area Mo (Cu) deposit, Heilongjiang province. Master paper, Jilin University, 1–73 (in Chinese with English abstract)

  • Zhang CQ, Lou DB, Xiao KY, Tong QJ, Ding JH, Wang P, Zhang ZH, Qu WJ (2010) Geological characteristics and molybdenite Re–Os isotopic dating of Kumutage Mo deposit, in Hami area, Xinjiang, China. Geol Bull China 29(10):1586–1593

    Google Scholar 

  • Zhao YY, Ma ZH, Zhong CX (1997a) A study on ore-forming geochemistry of Duobaoshan copper deposit, Heilongjiang province. J Xian Coll Geol 19(1):28–35 (in Chinese with English abstract)

    Google Scholar 

  • Zhao YM, Bi CS, Zou XQ, Sun YL, Du AD (1997b) The Re–Os isotope age of molybdenite from Duobaoshan and Tongshan porphyry copper (molybdenum) deposits. Acta Geosci Sin 18(1):61–67 (in Chinese with English abstract)

    Google Scholar 

  • Zhao YM, Zhang YN, Bi CS (1999) Geology of gold-bearing skarn deposits in the middle and lower Yangtze River Valley and adjacent regions. Ore Geol Rev 14:227–249

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zhao YY, Wang JP, Zhao GJ, Cui YB (2011) Metallogenic regularity and prospecting direction of Dubaoshan ore field, Heilongjiang Province, China. J Jilin Univ (Earth Science Edition) 41(6):1676–1688 (in Chinese with English abstract)

    Google Scholar 

  • Zheng YF, Xiao WJ, Zhao GC (2012) Introduction to tectonics of China. Gondwana Res. doi:10.1016/j.gr.2012.10.001

    Google Scholar 

  • Zhou JB, Wilde SA, Zhang XZ, Zhao GC, Zheng CQ, Wang YJ, Zhang XH (2009) The onset of Pacific margin accretion in NE China: evidence from the Heilongjiang high-pressure metamorphic belt. Tectonophysics 478:230–246

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zhou JB, Wilde SA, Zhao GC, Zhang XZ, Zheng CQ, Wang H (2010) New SHRIMP U-Pb Zircon ages from the Heilongjiang complex in NE China: constraints on the Mesozoic evolution of NE China. Am J Sci 310:1024–1053

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zhou JB, Zhang XZ, Wilde SA, Zheng CQ (2011) Confirming of the Heilongjiang ~500 Ma Pan-African khondalite belt and its tectonic implications. Acta Petrol Sin 27(4):1235–1245 (in Chinese with English abstract)

    Google Scholar 

  • Zhou LL, Zeng QD, Liu JM, Friis H, Zhang ZL, Duan XX (2013) Geochronology of the Xingshan molybdenum deposit, Jilin Province, NE China, and its Hf isotope significance. J Asian Earth Sci 75:58–70

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zhou LL, Zeng QD, Liu JM, Henrik F, Zhang ZL, Duan XX, Lan TG (2014) Geochronology of magmatism and mineralization of the Daheishan giant porphyry lybdenum deposit, Jilin Province, Northeast China: constraints on ore genesis and implications for geodynamic setting. Int Geol Rev 56(8):929–953

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zhu ZM, Xiong XL, Chu FY, Wu YH (2013) Geochemistry and petrogenesis of core samples from Baishan molybdenum deposit, East Tianshan Mountains, Xinjiang. Acta Petrol Sin 29(1):167–177 (in Chinese with English abstract)

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 41390443), the National Basic Research Program of China (Grant No. 2013CB429804) and IGCP Project#592 “Continental Construction in Central Asia.” We thank Profs. Fengjun Nie and Jun Gao for their helpful suggestions. Editor Wenjiao Xiao, Inna Safonova, and two anonymous reviewers are also acknowledged for their helpful and constructive suggestions and comments.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Qingdong Zeng.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Zeng, Q., Qin, K., Liu, J. et al. Porphyry molybdenum deposits in the Tianshan–Xingmeng orogenic belt, northern China. Int J Earth Sci (Geol Rundsch) 104, 991–1023 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00531-014-1122-6

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00531-014-1122-6

Keywords

Navigation